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Colorectal carcinomas (CRC) were initially thought to be rare in Africa including Nigeria, but recent studies have shown a reverse trend in our environment. This study is aimed to identify the clinical and pathological characteristics of CRC diagnosed between July 2006 and June 2015 in the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, and a Private Specialist Laboratory, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. All histological diagnosed cases of CRC seen in the two laboratories (University teaching and a private facility) in Uyo, Akwa-Ibom state, Nigeria during the study period were retrieved noting their bio-data, pathological and clinical variables. A total of 45 patients of age range 26-80 years with a mean of 55.9 years (SD 3.9) and a male to female ratio of 1.4:1 were seen. The two most common age groups affected in CRCs were 61-70 years (28.9%) and 51-60 years (24.4%) respectively. Majority of CRC patients were older than 40 years (86.7%) with identifiable predisposing factors being tubulo-villous adenoma (4 cases, 8.8%), villous adenoma (2 cases 4.4%), polyposis syndromes (2 cases, 4.4%) and schistosomiasis (1 case, 2.2%). Features of large intestinal obstruction were the most common presenting symptom of CRC (53.3%). Rectal bleeding, alteration in bowel habit and fecal incontinence were other symptoms, accounting for 33.3%, 8.9% and 4.4% of cases respectively. Left-sided CRCs were commoner (68.9%) with the majority appearing as annular-constricting type macroscopically (60.0%). Recto-sigmoid region was the preponderant site involved in CRC (29 cases, 64.5%). Adenocarcinoma (84.4%) was the most frequent histological subtype. Mucinous carcinoma, signet ring carcinoma and carcinoid tumor were other histologic subtypes seen in 8.9, 4.4 and 2.2% of cases respectively. The 22.0% of CRC patients presented at advanced stages of the disease. It can be concluded that majority of CRC patients were older than 40 years (86.7%) with features of intestinal obstruction (53.3%) and adenocarcinoma (84.4%) being the predominant mode of clinical presentation and histological subtype respectively.

Incidence of gastrointestinal malignancy is gradually increasing. The aim of the study is to investigate age, sex and relative frequencies of various gastrointestinal malignancies diagnosed between January 2007 and December 2014 in the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, and in a Private Specialist Laboratory, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. All histological-diagnosed cases of gastrointestinal malignancies seen during the study period were recruited noting their bio-data and histopathological characteristics. A total of 67 patients aged 6-77 years (mean 58.0, SD 7.4) were enrolled; a male to female ratio of 1.3:1 was recorded. The most common age group and anatomical site affected with gastrointestinal malignancy were 61-70 years (23 cases, 34.3%) and colo-rectum cancers (36 cases, 53.7%). The small intestine and stomach were second and third leading anatomic sites involved in gastrointestinal malignancies, accounting for 13 (19.4%) and 8 (11.9%) cases respectively. Adenocarcinoma accounted for the majority of gastrointestinal malignancies (57 cases, 85.1%). Lymphoma and carcinoid tumor were also common, accounting for 3 (4.5%) cases each. Colorectal carcinoma was the most common type of gastrointestinal malignancies (53.7%) with adenocarcinoma being the predominant histological subtype of gastrointestinal malignancies.

Cancers are thought to be rarer in younger population, but emerging data show an increasing incidence of these diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics of cancer among young patients (≥30 years) in Uyo, Nigeria. All specimens were collected and reviewed during the period January 2007-December 2012; complete clinicopathological data were also considered. A total of 108 cases of proven cancers were diagnosed (3.4%), accounting for 14.1% of all malignancies. A male:female ratio of 1:3.2 was recorded. Among 0-14-year-old patients, the most common malignancy was embryonal cancer (50.0%), followed by non- Hodgkin’s lymphoma (18.8%). Carcinoma of the breast and soft tissue sarcoma represent first and second cancers in those patients (40.7% and 13.0% respectively). Carcinoma of uterine cervix and nodal lymphomas were the third and fourth most common cancers respectively (10.2% and 7.4%), significantly higher in the 21-30 years and 0-10 years age groups. Invasive ductal carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, Kaposi sarcoma and Hodgkin’s lymphoma were the most common histologic types of cancers in breast, uterine cervix, lymph node and soft tissue (79.6%, 90.0%, 44.4%, 50.0% respectively). This study shows that embryonal cancer was the most common malignancy in patients aged 0 to 14, while carcinoma of the breast and soft tissue sarcoma were the two most common cancers in patients from 5 to 30 years-old.

Hidradenoma papilliferum is a known example of adnexal skin tumours with apocrine differentiation. It is a rare benign tumour which tends to arise from areas with rich concentration of aporine glands such as anogenital region, vulval, perineal, axillae, and periumbilical areas. In this report, the tumour was found in the upper outer quadrant of left breast, being one of the ectopic sites for this tumour. Contrary to most reports where male preponderance was popular for ectopic hidradenoma papilliferum, the patient in this report is a 71-year-old female. Considering the location of this tumour in this report, the likely histopathological differential diagnoses such as tubular apocrine adenoma, clear cell (apocrine) adenoma, lipoma, intraductal papilloma and papillary carcinoma of the breast should be considered for exclusion. This is the first reported case of a giant ectopic hidradenoma papilliferum of the breast in a Niger Delta region of Nigeria which also highlights the role of fine needle aspiration and cytology in the diagnosis of breast lesions.