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Case reports remain an invaluable resource in the literature, and they continue to serve an equally important role in scientific advancement. They record discoveries, report the unexpected, and spark further research. Preparation of a case report can be a great learning experience, especially for medical students, residents, and young physicians. It serves as an excellent introduction to academic writing, familiarizing them with all aspects of publishing, from a structured case presentation and literature review to submitting and revising a manuscript. It can also stimulate an interest in a specific topic and gradually lead to more involved and complex academic endeavors.

Once a manuscript is submitted, the journal editor decides whether the manuscript merits further peer review, and the section editor or editor-in-chief reviews those comments and makes a decision that is conveyed to the corresponding author. Almost all accepted manuscripts require revisions of some kind. One of the good things about writing a case report is that it does not usually require major revisions; for the most part, comments can be addressed rather quickly with a few changes. The most common revisions requested are providing followup imaging information or additional laboratory/pathology information, shortening the length, and modifying sentences that boast of a major conclusion based on a single case. This article focuses on how to deal with the revision process so that it is smooth for both the author and the editor; and that it leads to a quick acceptance.

Open-access publishing, which removes monetary and legal restrictions from Internet reading, provides benefits for readers and publishers alike. Radiology Case Reports has used an open-access publishing model from its inception.

Primary cardiac tumors are rare and are usually diagnosed at an advanced stage due to nonspecific symptoms. We report a 46-year-old female who presented to our institution with shortness of breath and was diagnosed with a cardiac spindle-cell tumor. Wide surgical resection is the cornerstone for therapy for cardiac sarcomas. Our patient was considered inoperable due to the extent of the tumor.

Clinical symptoms and signs of ovarian torsion are often nonspecific, and imaging studies have a crucial role in making an accurate timely diagnosis. Ultrasound with color Doppler is often the initial investigation. However, as illustrated in our case, a normal Doppler study cannot exclude the diagnosis of ovarian torsion, and MRI should be performed if a high degree of concern for ovarian torsion persists. We report a case of a case of an 18-year-old female who was diagnosed with ovarian torsion on MRI. To the best of our knowledge, "whirlpool sign on MRI" has not been reported previously. If this sign is present, a specific diagnosis of ovarian torsion can be made.

We report a case of a solitary fibrous tumor of prostate presenting with urinary retention and a large prostate mass. We describe the clinical presentation, magnetic resonance imaging findings, and histopathology of this rare, benign tumor. Although clinical and radiologic appearances embrace various differential diagnoses including sarcoma, this mass was confirmed by histologic analysis following surgical resection. We report this rare, benign tumor to help the radiologist suggest the diagnosis when presented with a similar case.

Uterine didelphys with obstructed hemivagina and ipsilateral renal agenesis is a rare congenital anomaly of the Müllerian duct system referred to as Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome. Because of its rare occurrence, a high level of suspicion is often required for diagnosis. Clinically, these patients usually present after menarche with pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, and a palpable pelvic mass. We present a case of a 31-year-old female patient with infertility. Imaging findings were consistent with Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich syndrome, with a congenital defect in the longitudinal vaginal septum resulting in partial spontaneous decompression of right-sided hematocolpos.

Hepatic steatosis is often seen in patients with hepatitis on screening ultrasound as generalized increased liver echogenecity. However, its nodular form can present as multiple echogenic masses, which can mimic hepatocellular carcinoma or metastasis by ultrasound and computed tomography. Small hepatocellular carcinomas are often hyperechoic and have a trend towards lower alpha-fetoprotein levels. Magnetic resonance imaging can accurately identify microscopic fat within the lesions and demonstrate lack of associated enhancing soft tissue. If this entity is not appropriately characterized using magnetic resonance imaging, it can lead to additional imaging workup and unnecessary biopsy.

The use of computed tomography (CT) for evaluation of liver disease has increased dramatically at our tertiary care center due to increased hepatology referrals. We sought to decrease the radiation dose associated with multiphase liver CT studies while maintaining a high degree of diagnostic accuracy. We found that by eliminating the nonenhanced acquisition and adjusting the imaging field of view to include the liver-containing abdomen only—simply by manipulation of patient-specific imaging parameters—we achieved a 30% reduction in dose.

A case report can foster one’s career by acting as a segue into more advanced scientific writing and provide an avenue for mentorship. However, before a case report can be added to the literature, its authors and contributors must be decided. While organizations such as the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors have determined authorship rules for manuscripts, there is a relative paucity of information in the literature regarding the proprietary rules and protocol for generating a case report. Therefore, we ask, ‘Whose case is it, anyway’? In this editorial, we aim to describe the complex milieu in which case reports often originate and propose some ground rules for determining their authorship.

Case reports remain an invaluable resource in the literature, and they continue to serve an equally important role in scientific advancement. They record discoveries, report the unexpected, and spark further research. Preparation of a case report can be a great learning experience, especially for medical students, residents, and young physicians. It serves as an excellent introduction to academic writing, familiarizing them with all aspects of publishing, from a structured case presentation and literature review to submitting and revising a manuscript. It can also stimulate an interest in a specific topic and gradually lead to more involved and complex academic endeavors.

We report two adult patients with varied urologic symptoms who were found to have inflammatory pseudotumor on histopathology. The first patient had a large, solid, enhancing retroperitoneal mass lesion and presented with increased frequency of urination and recurrent urinary tract infections. The second patient had an obstructing left distal ureteric stricture and presented with painless hematuria. Though preoperative radiological diagnosis of this entity is not feasible, the present article illustrates the imaging findings in this unusual disease entity with review of the relevant literature.

Accessory spleens are common, usually asymptomatic, incidentally discovered congenital foci of splenic tissue. They occur most commonly near the splenic hilum, with almost 20% in or near the pancreatic tail. On contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT), differentiation of an intrapancreatic accessory splenule (IPAS) from other pancreatic tail lesions such as islet cell tumors and metastatic disease can present a diagnostic challenge. A high index of suspicion on the part of the radiologist, based on the classic location with typical imaging features and a combination of cross-sectional imaging studies such as ultrasound, computed tomograph (CT), or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with nuclear medicine examinations, can confirm the diagnosis of intrapancreatic accessory splenule and prevent unnecessary biopsy and/or surgery.

Pseudolesions in the liver are caused by unusual/altered hemodynamics of the liver and can be confused with a true hepatic mass. In superior vena cava (SVC) obstruction. there is recruitment of the cavo-mammary-phrenic-hepatic-capsule-portal pathway. and the venous blood follows the internal mammary vein, the inferior phrenic vein, the hepatic capsule veins, and the intrahepatic portal system. causing a hypervascular pseudolesion in segment IV A of the liver. Recognizing the classic appearances of this hypervascular pseudolesion from the vein of Sappey in a CT study of the abdomen has prognostic implications in directing further evaluation of the chest for SVC obstruction. We present a case of a 54-year-old HIV-positive male smoker in whom identification of the hypervascular pseudolesion from the vein of Sappey on the abdominal CT led to the diagnosis of SVC syndrome.

Clear-cell chondrosarcoma is a rare, low-grade variant of chondrosarcoma characterized by slow growth, low metastatic potential, and a predilection for local recurrence long after treatment. We report an unusually aggressive case of clear-cell chondrosarcoma of the humerus with early metastasis to multiple bony sites including femur, thoracic and lumbar spine, sacrum, and iliac bone. Our purpose is to alert physicians to the sarcoma's potential for aggressive behavior, necessitating closer and more frequent followups for early detection and treatment of tumor recurrence and metastasis. We also review the reported imaging and histological features, which may help identify aggressive cases.

Before the advent of ultrasound, percutaneous pericardiocentesis was associated with relatively high mortality and complication rates (6% and 20–50%, respectively) [1–3]. Ultrasound (US)-guided pericardiocentesis has dramatically decreased the incidence of complications by direct visualization of the heart and other adjacent vital structures. US helps localize the size and location of the pericardial effusion, measure the distance from the chest wall, localize adjacent, vital organs, and determine the optimal access site to the effusion. We report a case of posttraumatic internal mammary artery pseudoaneurysm, a rare complication of pericardiocentesis.

The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) predicted a resurgence of Swine-origin Influenza A (novel 2009 H1N1) pneumonia, hospitalizations and deaths during the 2009-2010 flu season. Immunocompromised patients are at higher risk to contract it and may present (atypically) with greater morbidity and mortality. We report the first radiographic description of CDC-confirmed swine-origin influenza A (novel 2009 H1N1) in a 32-year-old immunocompromised man. At presentation, chest radiographs demonstrated bilateral, ill-defined nodular airspace opacities. Chest CT showed upper-lobe-predominant, patchy ground-glass opacities with areas of consolidation and a thick-walled cavity.