Search

Your search keyword '"Preston, A."' showing total 334 results
Start Over Author "Preston, A." Journal radiation research
334 results on '"Preston, A."'

1. A Historical Survey of Key Epidemiological Studies of Ionizing Radiation Exposure.

Author

Little, Mark P., Bazyka, Dimitry, Gonzalez, Amy Berrington de, Brenner, Alina V., Chumak, Vadim V., Cullings, Harry M., Daniels, Robert D., French, Benjamin, Grant, Eric, Hamada, Nobuyuki, Hauptmann, Michael, Kendall, Gerald M., Laurier, Dominique, Lee, Choonsik, Lee, Won Jin, Linet, Martha S., Mabuchi, Kiyohiko, Morton, Lindsay M., Muirhead, Colin R., and Preston, Dale L.

Subjects
IONIZING radiation, NUCLEAR reactor accidents, EXPOSURE dose, ATOMIC bomb, RADIATION exposure
Abstract

In this article we review the history of key epidemiological studies of populations exposed to ionizing radiation. We highlight historical and recent findings regarding radiation-associated risks for incidence and mortality of cancer and non-cancer outcomes with emphasis on study design and methods of exposure assessment and dose estimation along with brief consideration of sources of bias for a few of the more important studies. We examine the findings from the epidemiological studies of the Japanese atomic bomb survivors, persons exposed to radiation for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes, those exposed to environmental sources including Chornobyl and other reactor accidents, and occupationally exposed cohorts. We also summarize results of pooled studies. These summaries are necessarily brief, but we provide references to more detailed information. We discuss possible future directions of study, to include assessment of susceptible populations, and possible new populations, data sources, study designs and methods of analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. Lung Cancer in Mayak Workers

Author

Gilbert, E. S., Koshurnikova, N. A., Sokolnikov, M. E., Shilnikova, N. S., Preston, D. L., Ron, E., Okatenko, P. V., Khokhryakov, V. F., Vasilenko, E. K., Miller, S., Eckerman, K., and Romanov, S. A.

Published
2004

22. Bone Cancers in Mayak Workers

Author

Koshurnikova, N. A., Gilbert, E. S., Sokolnikov, M., Khokhryakov, V. F., Miller, S., Preston, D. L., Romanov, S. A., Shilnikova, N. S., Suslova, K. G., and Vostrotin, V. V.

Published
2000

23. Liver Cancers in Mayak Workers

Author

Gilbert, E. S., Koshurnikova, N. A., Sokolnikov, M., Khokhryakov, V. F., Miller, S., Preston, D. L., Romanov, S. A., Shilnikova, N. S., Suslova, K. G., and Vostrotin, V. V.

Published
2000

25. The Effect of Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Test on Radiation Risk Estimate for Prostate Cancer Incidence among Atomic-Bomb Survivors

Author

Mai Utada, Alina V. Brenner, Dale L. Preston, Michiko Yamada, Eric J. Grant, Hiromi Sugiyama, Ritsu Sakata, Elizabeth K. Cahoon, Kotaro Ozasa, and Kiyohiko Mabuchi

Subjects
Radiation, Biophysics, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging
Abstract

Following our previous report on the radiation dose-response for prostate cancer incidence rates in the Life Span Study (LSS) cohort of atomic bomb survivors, we re-evaluated the radiation-related risk adjusting for differences in baseline cancer incidence rates among three subsets of the LSS cohort defined by the timing of their first participation in biennial health examinations offered to the Adult Health Study (AHS) sub-cohort members and prostate-specific-antigen (PSA) testing status for AHS participants: 1. non-AHS participants, 2. AHS participants before receiving PSA test, and 3. AHS participants after receiving PSA test. We found a 2.9-fold increase in the baseline incidence rates among AHS participants after receiving PSA test. After adjusting for the PSA-testing-status effects on the baseline rates the estimated excess relative risk (ERR) per Gy was 0.54 (95% CI: 0.15, 1.05), which was almost identical to the previously reported unadjusted ERR estimate (0.57, 95% CI: 0.21, 1.00). The current results confirmed that, while the PSA testing among AHS participants increased the baseline incidence rates, it did not impact the radiation risk estimate, strengthening the previously reported dose-response relationship for prostate cancer incidence in the LSS. As the use of PSA tests continue in screening and medical settings, analyses of possible effects of PSA testing should be an important aspect of future epidemiological studies of the association between radiation exposure and prostate cancer.

Published
2023

40. Comparison of All Solid Cancer Mortality and Incidence Dose-Response in the Life Span Study of Atomic Bomb Survivors, 1958–2009

Author

Brenner, AV, Preston, DL, Sakata, R, Cologne, J, Sugiyama, H, Utada, M, Cahoon, EK, Grant, E, Mabuchi, K, and Ozasa, K

Subjects
Adult, Male, Nuclear Weapons, Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced, Radiation, Adolescent, Incidence, Longevity, Infant, Newborn, Biophysics, Infant, Atomic Bomb Survivors, Article, Young Adult, Japan, Child, Preschool, Humans, Female, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Child, Nuclear Warfare
Abstract

Recent analysis of all solid cancer incidence (1958-2009) in the Life Span Study (LSS) revealed evidence of upward curvature in the radiation dose response among males but not females. Upward curvature in sex-averaged excess relative risk (ERR) for all solid cancer mortality (1950-2003) was also observed in the 0-2 Gy dose range. As reasons for non-linearity in the LSS are not completely understood, we conducted dose-response analyses for all solid cancer mortality and incidence applying similar methods [1958-2009 follow-up, DS02R1 doses, including subjects not-in-city (NIC) at the time of the bombing] and statistical models. Incident cancers were ascertained from Hiroshima and Nagasaki cancer registries, while cause of death was ascertained from death certificates throughout Japan. The study included 105,444 LSS subjects who were alive and not known to have cancer before January 1, 1958 (80,205 with dose estimates and 25,239 NIC subjects). Between 1958 and 2009, there were 3.1 million person-years (PY) and 22,538 solid cancers for incidence analysis and 3.8 million PY and 15,419 solid cancer deaths for mortality analysis. We fitted sex-specific ERR models adjusted for smoking to both types of data. Over the entire range of doses, solid cancer mortality dose-response exhibited a borderline significant upward curvature among males (P = 0.062) and significant upward curvature among females (P = 0.010); for solid cancer incidence, as before, we found a significant upward curvature among males (P = 0.001) but not among females (P = 0.624). The sex difference in magnitude of dose-response curvature was statistically significant for cancer incidence (P = 0.017) but not for cancer mortality (P = 0.781). The results of analyses in the 0-2 Gy range and restricted lower dose ranges generally supported inferences made about the sex-specific dose-response shape over the entire range of doses for each outcome. Patterns of sex-specific curvature by calendar period (1958-1987 vs. 1988-2009) and age at exposure (0-19 vs. 20-83) varied between mortality and incidence data, particularly among females, although for each outcome there was an indication of curvature among 0-19-year-old male survivors in both calendar periods and among 0-19-year-old female survivors in the recent period. Collectively, our findings indicate that the upward curvature in all solid cancer dose response in the LSS is neither specific to males nor to incidence data; its evidence appears to depend on the composition of sites comprising all solid cancer group and age at exposure or time. Further follow up and site-specific analyses of cancer mortality and incidence will be important to confirm the emerging trend in dose-response curvature among young survivors and unveil the contributing factors and sites.

Published
2022

48. Novel Breast Cancer Risk Alleles and Interaction with Ionizing Radiation among U.S. Radiologic Technologists

Author

Bhatti, Parveen, Doody, Michele M., Rajaraman, Preetha, Alexander, Bruce H., Yeager, Meredith, Hutchinson, Amy, Burdette, Laurie, Thomas, Gilles, Hunter, David J., Simon, Steven L., Weinstock, Robert M., Rosenstein, Marvin, Stovall, Marilyn, Preston, Dale L., Linet, Martha S., Hoover, Robert N., Chanock, Stephen J., and Sigurdson, Alice J.

Published
2010
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results