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The article discusses the results of a study on the comparative mortality among people diagnoses with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection or acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in the U.S. from 2001 to 2010. Results mentioned include how in 33 U.S. states with name-based HIV reporting since 2001, the 2010 CMF for people diagnosed with HIV was 2.8 compared with 4.5 for those diagnosed with AIDS.

Objectives. We estimated race/ethnicity-specific incident AIDS diagnosis rates (IARs) among people who inject drugs (PWID) in U.S. metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) over time to assess the change in disparities after highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) dissemination. Methods. We compared IARs and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for black/ African American and Hispanic/Latino PWID with those of white PWID in 93 of the most populous MSAs. We selected two three-year periods from the years immediately preceding HAART (1993-1995) and the years with the most recent available data (2005-2007). To maximize stability, we aggregated data across three-year periods, and we aggregated data for black/African American and Hispanic/Latino PWID for most comparisons with data for white PWID. We assessed disparities by comparing IAR 95% CIs for overlap. Results. IARs were significantly higher for black/African American and Hispanic/ Latino PWID than for white PWID in 81% of MSAs in 1993-1995 and 77% of MSAs in 2005-2007. MSAs where disparities became non-significant over time were concentrated in the West. Significant differences were more frequent in comparisons between black/African American and white PWID (85% of MSAs in 1993-1995, 79% of MSAs in 2005-2007) than in comparisons between Hispanic/Latino and white PWID (53% of MSAs in 1993-1995, 56% of MSAs in 2005-2007). IARs declined modestly across racial/ethnic groups in most MSAs. Conclusions. AIDS diagnosis rates continue to be substantially higher for black/African American and Hispanic/Latino PWID than for white PWID in most large MSAs. This finding suggests a need for increased targeting of prevention and treatment programs, as well as research on MSA-level conditions that may serve to maintain the disparities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. Few studies have examined the extent to which foreign-born people contribute to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic among non-Hispanic black people in the U.S. We sought to determine differences in the epidemiology of HIV infection among native- and foreign-born black people, using data from the national HIV surveillance system of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Methods. We estimated the number of HIV infections among black adults and adolescents diagnosed from 2001 to 2007 in 33 U.S. states. We compared annual HIV diagnosis rates, distributions of demographic characteristics and HIV-transmission risk factors, late diagnoses of HIV infection, and survival after an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) diagnosis for native- and foreign-born black people. Results. From 2001 to 2007, an estimated 100,013 black adults and adolescents were diagnosed with HIV infection in 33 U.S. states, for which country-of-birth information was available. Of these, 11 .7% were foreign-born, with most from the Caribbean (54.1%) and Africa (41.5%). Annual HIV diagnoses decreased by 5.5% per year (95% confidence interval [Cl] -5.9, -5.0) among native-born black people. Decreases were small among foreign-born black people (-1.3%; 95% Cl -2.6, -0.1), who were more likely to be female, have HIV infection attributable to high-risk heterosexual contact, be diagnosed with AIDS within 12 months of HIV diagnosis, and survive one year and three years after an AIDS diagnosis. Conclusions. The epidemiology of HIV infection differs for foreign-born black individuals compared with their native-born counterparts in the U.S. These data can be used to develop culturally appropriate and relevant HIV-prevention interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]