1. Maternal and child factors associated with child body fatness in a Ghanaian cohort
- Author
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Kumordzie, Sika M, Okronipa, Harriet, Arimond, Mary, Adu-Afarwuah, Seth, Ocansey, Maku E, Young, Rebecca R, Bentil, Helena J, Tamakloe, Solace M, Oaks, Brietta M, and Dewey, Kathryn G
- Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Public Health ,Health Sciences ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,Nutrition ,Pediatric ,Clinical Research ,Obesity ,Prevention ,2.3 Psychological ,social and economic factors ,Aetiology ,Generic health relevance ,Metabolic and endocrine ,Cardiovascular ,Oral and gastrointestinal ,Stroke ,Reproductive health and childbirth ,Cancer ,Adipose Tissue ,Body Composition ,Body Mass Index ,Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ,Child ,Preschool ,Cohort Studies ,Diet ,Dietary Supplements ,Exercise ,Female ,Ghana ,Humans ,Infant ,Infant ,Newborn ,Longitudinal Studies ,Male ,Mothers ,Overweight ,Pediatric Obesity ,Snacks ,Body composition ,Factor analysis ,Physical activity ,Ghanaian children ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Nutrition & Dietetics ,Biomedical and clinical sciences ,Health sciences - Abstract
ObjectiveWe aimed to identify factors (child diet, physical activity; maternal BMI) associated with body composition of Ghanaian pre-school children.DesignLongitudinal analysis of the International Lipid-Based Nutrient Supplements (iLiNS)-DYAD-Ghana randomized trial, which enrolled 1320 pregnant women at ≤20 weeks' gestation and followed them and their infants until 6 and 18 months postpartum, respectively. At follow-up, child age 4-6 years, we collected data on body composition (by 2H dilution), physical activity and diet, extracted dietary patterns using factor analysis, and examined the association of children's percentage body fat with maternal and child factors by regression analysis.SettingEastern Region, Ghana.ParticipantsChildren 4-6 years of age.ResultsThe analysis included 889 children with percentage body fat and dietary data at follow-up. We identified two major dietary patterns, a snacking and a cooked foods pattern. Percentage body fat was positively associated (standardized β (se)) with maternal BMI at follow-up (0·10 (0·03); P = 0·003) and negatively associated with physical activity (-0·15 (0·05); P = 0·003, unadjusted for child gender), but not associated with the snacking (0·06 (0·03); P = 0·103) or cooked foods (-0·05 (0·07); P = 0·474) pattern. Boys were more active than girls (1470 v. 1314 mean vector magnitude counts/min; P < 0·0001) and had lower percentage body fat (13·8 v. 16·9 %; P < 0·0001).ConclusionsIn this population, maternal overweight and child physical activity, especially among girls, may be key factors for addressing child overweight/obesity. We did not demonstrate a relationship between the dietary patterns and body fatness, which may be related to limitations of the dietary data available.
- Published
- 2020