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Objective: The literature on the experience of mental health providers (MHPs) working with people with serious mental illness (SMI) in community-based mental health programs related to sex, sexuality, and intimacy is scarce. The purpose of the present study was to explore the situations, thoughts, feelings, dilemmas, and challenges experienced by MHPs around these issues. Method: Semistructured interviews were conducted with 13 MHPs working with people with SMI in six different community mental health programs in Israel. Results: Four main themes emerged: (a) lack of professional training and skill sets to discuss clients' sexuality and intimacy issues, (b) ambivalence regarding the status and appropriateness of sexual relationships and intimacy as recovery-related goals, (c) discomfort discussing sexuality as a barrier to shared decision making and person-centered care, and (d) distinct programmatic and structural barriers to discussing and addressing needs and preferences related to sexuality and intimacy. Discussion: The study highlights challenges experienced by MHPs working with people with SMI when confronted with sexual activities, relationships, and intimacy issues raised by service users. The development and implementation of trainings and resources designed to bolster MHPs' skill sets addressing sexuality and intimacy should be a priority for the field of psychiatric rehabilitation. Conclusions and Implications for Practice: MHPs who work with people with SMI in community-based settings often experience complex thoughts, feelings, dilemmas, and challenges related to clients' desire for or involvement in intimate and sexual relationships. Our study indicates a need to develop and implement stronger training and supervision to support MHPs to respond effectively to these complex situations and associated challenges. Impact and Implications: Mental health providers (MHPs) who work with people with serious mental illness (SMI) in community-based settings often experience complex thoughts, feelings, dilemmas, and challenges related to clients' desire for or involvement in intimate and sexual relationships. Our study indicates a need to develop and implement stronger training and supervision to support MHP to respond effectively to these complex situations and associated challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Illness Management and Recovery (IMR) is a widely used evidence-based standardized psychosocial intervention. Little is known, however, about the impact of practitioner professional background on the consumer outcome. The current study aims to examine the delivery impact of practitioners who were mental health professionals, peer providers, or paraprofessionals on fidelity and consumer outcome in IMR. Method: Study participants were 252 persons with serious mental illness receiving psychiatric rehabilitation services in the community who received IMR (n = 210) or treatment as usual (TAU; n = 42). Study participants completed IMR groups that were delivered by either mental health professionals (n = 126), peer providers (n = 43), or paraprofessionals (n = 41). Study participants in the treatment group completed the Illness Management and Recovery scale before starting and after completing the IMR program; participants in the control group completed the same scale twice in similar time intervals. Fidelity ratings were made. Results: Regardless of practitioner background, consumers who received the IMR intervention demonstrated significant improvement compared to the control group. Post hoc analyses showed no statistically significant difference on consumer outcome regardless of whether the practitioner was a professional, paraprofessional, or a peer provider. All three IMR groups had good fidelity scores. Conclusions and Implications for Practice: The results demonstrate that IMR can be implemented with good fidelity and generate positive outcomes when delivered by practitioners who receive sufficient training and supervision regardless of their professional background. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]