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As one of the main modes of damage caused by gas explosions in industrial production, the debris generated by the explosion threatens the safety of surrounding personnel and buildings. By means of experimental research and theoretical modelling, the debris generated by the vented component was experimentally studied, and a predictive model of the scattering range of explosion-induced debris was proposed. Through experiments using a self-designed explosion test apparatus, it is found that the gas explosion exerts a quasi-static pressure, and the vented plate is cracked by the plastic hinge under deflagration load. According to the force and the motion equation of the debris, the predictive model of the debris trajectory was proposed by differentiating the scattering process. The distribution of random variables in the model was determined by experimental data, and the scattering range of explosive debris was obtained using the Monte Carlo method. By comparing the calculated results with experimental data gathered under three typical conditions, the model values were seen to agree with the experimental values, and this model can predict the scattering range of debris. The proposed prediction model for debris scattering can provide a reference for the design of works used to protect against debris damage and subsequent domino effect.