16 results on '"Miyake, T."'
Search Results
2. Grouping of RNA Phages Based on the Template Specificity of their RNA Replicases
- Author
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Miyake, T., Haruna, I., Shiba, T., Itoh, Y. H., Yamane, K., and Watanabe, I.
- Published
- 1971
3. Isolation and Properties of RNA Replicases Induced by SP and FI Phages
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Haruna, I., Itoh, Y. H., Yamane, K., Miyake, T., Shiba, T., and Watanabe, I.
- Published
- 1971
4. Biosynthesis of a protein containing a nonprotein amino acid by Escherichia coli: L-2-aminohexanoic acid at position 21 in human epidermal growth factor.
- Author
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Koide, H, Yokoyama, S, Kawai, G, Ha, J M, Oka, T, Kawai, S, Miyake, T, Fuwa, T, and Miyazawa, T
- Abstract
Endeavoring to develop a method to biosynthesize proteins substituted with nonprotein amino acids, we attempted the incorporation of L-2-aminohexanoic acid (Ahx) into human epidermal growth factor (hEGF). Escherichia coli YK537 strain harboring plasmid pTA1522, which has the phoA promoter-phoA signal peptide-hEGF gene, was used. Cells were cultured first in high-phosphate medium and then, for induction of the hEGF-encoding gene, transferred to low-phosphate medium containing Ahx (0.25 mg/ml). hEGF and Ahx-substituted hEGF, [Ahx21]hEGF, secreted into the periplasm were recovered. After treatment with H2O2, [Ahx21]-hEGF was clearly separated from methionine-oxidized hEGF by one-step reverse-phase HPLC. Substitution of the methionine residue of hEGF with Ahx was confirmed by the amino acid analysis of [Ahx21]hEGF. The three biological activities of [Ahx21]hEGF were the same as those of hEGF. From the successful production of [Ahx21]hEGF, a basic strategy was established for preparing proteins substituted with nonprotein amino acid (alloprotein). Induction of the phoA promoter of pho regulon and secretion of the product to the periplasm may depress heat shock-like responses and subsequent hydrolysis of the product by cytoplasmic protease.
- Published
- 1988
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5. The genetic link between the Chinese bamboo partridge (Bambusicola thoracica) and the chicken and junglefowls of the genus Gallus.
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Fumihito, A, Miyake, T, Takada, M, Ohno, S, and Kondo, N
- Abstract
Further comparison of mitochondrial control-region DNA base sequences of 16 avian species belonging to the subfamily Phasianinae revealed the following: (i) Generalized perdicine birds (quails and partridges) are of ancient lineages. Even the closest pair, the common quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) and the Chinese bamboo partridge (Bambusicola thoracica), maintained only 85.71% identity. (ii) The 12 species of phasianine birds previously and presently studied belonged to three distinct branches. The first branch was made exclusively of members of the genus Gallus, while the second branch was made of pheasants of the genera Phasianus, Chrysolophus, and Syrmaticus. Gallopheasants of the genus Lophura were distant cousins to these pheasants. The great argus (Argusianus argus) and peafowls of the genus Pavo constituted the third branch. The position of peacock-pheasants of the genus Polyplectron in the third branch was similar to that of the genus Lophura in the second branch. Members of the fourth phasianine branch, such as tragopans and monals, were not included in the present study. (iii) The one perdicine species, Bambusicola thoracica, was more closely related to phasianine genera Gallus and Pavo than to members of other perdicine genera. The above might indicate that Bambusicola belong to one-stem perdicine lineage that later splits into two sublineages that yielded phasianine birds, one evolving to Gallus, and the other differentiating toward Pavo and its allies.
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- 1995
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6. Monophyletic origin and unique dispersal patterns of domestic fowls.
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Fumihito, A, Miyake, T, Takada, M, Shingu, R, Endo, T, Gojobori, T, Kondo, N, and Ohno, S
- Abstract
With the aim of elucidating in greater detail the genealogical origin of the present domestic fowls of the world, we have determined mtDNA sequences of the D-loop regions for a total of 21 birds, of which 12 samples belong to red junglefowl (Gallus gallus) comprising three subspecies (six Gallus gallus gallus, three Gallus gallus spadiceus, and three Gallus gallus bankiva) and nine represent diverse domestic breeds (Gallus gallus domesticus). We also sequenced four green junglefowl (Gallus varius), two Lafayette's junglefowl (Gallus lafayettei), and one grey junglefowl (Gallus sonneratii). We then constructed a phylogenetic tree for these birds by the use of nucleotide sequences, choosing the Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) as an outgroup. We found that a continental population of G. g. gallus was the real matriarchic origin of all the domestic poultries examined in this study. It is also of particular interest that there were no discernible differences among G. gallus subspecies; G. g. bankiva was a notable exception. This was because G. g. spadiceus and a continental population of G. g. gallus formed a single cluster in the phylogenetic tree. G. g. bankiva, on the other hand, was a distinct entity, thus deserving its subspecies status. It implies that a continental population of G. g. gallus sufficed as the monophyletic ancestor of all domestic breeds. We also discussed a possible significance of the initial dispersal pattern of the present domestic fowls, using the phylogenetic tree.
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- 1996
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7. Production in Escherichia coli of biologically active secretin, a gastrointestinal hormone.
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Suzuki, M, Sumi, S, Hasegawa, A, Nishizawa, T, Miyoshi, K, Wakisaka, S, Miyake, T, and Misoka, F
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A synthetic gene for porcine secretin was ligated with Pst I-cleaved pBR322 by its flanking synthetic Pst I linkers to produce a fused protein consisting of an amino-terminal portion of beta-lactamase and an entire secretin molecule. The hybrid plasmid was transferred into competent Escherichia coli cells. The plasmids, which were proved in our investigation to contain the secretin gene in the desired orientation, were then screened for the production of secretin. This was shown by radioimmunoassay and gel electrophoretic analysis of the polypeptides that were synthesized in E. coli minicells transformed with the hybrid plasmids. Secretin so produced, whose carboxy terminal residue may not be amidated in contrast with natural porcine secretin, showed the same activity in stimulating pancreatic secretion in a bioassay with anesthetized rats as does natural secretin.
- Published
- 1982
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8. Synthesis and secretion of human epidermal growth factor by Escherichia coli.
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Oka, T, Sakamoto, S, Miyoshi, K, Fuwa, T, Yoda, K, Yamasaki, M, Tamura, G, and Miyake, T
- Abstract
A synthetic gene for human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) was joined to a sequence encoding the signal peptide of Escherichia coli alkaline phosphatase. This hybrid gene was placed under the control of the alkaline phosphatase gene (phoA) promoter in a recombinant plasmid, which was used to transfect E. coli. The hybrid protein that was expressed in host cells under conditions of phosphate limitation was processed accurately during the secretion process, and mature hEGF was recovered in the periplasmic fraction. On the other hand, no EGF was detected in the periplasmic space when the synthetic hEGF gene was not accompanied by the phoA signal sequence.
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- 1985
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9. One subspecies of the red junglefowl (Gallus gallus gallus) suffices as the matriarchic ancestor of all domestic breeds.
- Author
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Fumihito, A, Miyake, T, Sumi, S, Takada, M, Ohno, S, and Kondo, N
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The noncoding control region of the mitochondrial DNA of various gallinaceous birds was studied with regard to its restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and sequences of the first 400 bases. Tandem duplication of the 60-base unit was established as a trait unique to the genus Gallus, which is shared neither by pheasants nor by quails. Unlike its close ally Gallus varius (green junglefowl), the red junglefowl Gallus gallus is a genetically very diverse species; the 7.0% sequence divergence was seen between those from Thailand (G. g. gallus and G. g. spadiceus) and the other from the Indonesian island of Java (G. g. Bankiva). Furthermore, the divergence increased to 27.83% if each transversion is regarded as an equivalent of 10 transitions. On the other hand, a mere 0.5-3.0% difference (all transitions) separated various domestic breeds of the chicken from two G. g. gallus of Thailand, thus indicating a single domestication event in the area inhabited by this subspecies of the red junglefowl as the origin of all domestic breeds. Only transitions separated six diverse domesticated breeds. Nevertheless, a 2.75% difference was seen between RFLP type I breeds (White Leghorn and Nagoya) and a RFLP type VIII breed (Ayam Pelung). The above data suggested that although the mitochondrion of RFLP type V was the main contributor to domestication, hens of other RFLP types also contributed to this event.
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- 1994
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10. In vivo stimulation of murine granulopoiesis by human urinary extract from patients with aplastic anemia.
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Kohsaki, M, Noguchi, K, Araki, K, Horikoshi, A, Sloman, J C, Miyake, T, and Murphy, M J
- Abstract
Significant in vivo stimulation of granulopoiesis was induced in mice by the administration of an extract from the urine of patients with aplastic anemia (AA). Sialic acid has been identified as an important molecular component for the in vivo biological activity of this granulopoietic factor, "granulopoietin," which is distinct and different from endotoxin. Urine from patients with AA was successively fractionated by Sephadex G-50 and DEAE-cellulose chromatography. The resultant extract, which we refer to as AA urinary extract, contained approximately equal to 44 international units of erythropoietin per A unit of protein and induced 15,000 colonies of granulocyte/macrophage precursor cells (granulocyte/macrophage colony-forming units, CFU-gm) per A unit of protein with mouse bone marrow. Eight daily intraperitoneal injections of this extract in mice induced a 6.2-fold increase in peripheral blood granulocytes and a 14.6-fold increase of splenic CFU-gm, with concomitant increases in the proliferation rates of CFU-gm in both bone marrow and spleen. Pretreatment of the AA urinary extract with sialidase significantly diminished these granulopoietic effects in vivo (P less than 0.001). In contrast, both extracts (i.e., native AA and sialidase-treated AA urinary extracts) revealed high granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor activity in vitro when clonal assays were performed with mouse bone marrow. Increased in vivo and in vitro granulopoietic activities were found in the concanavalin A "break-through" fraction, indicating that these activities were due to protein(s) that did not bind to the lectin. These results reveal that this urinary extract from patients with AA is capable of inducing significant granulopoiesis in mice and that sialic acid is an important component in the maintenance of this granulopoietic effect in vivo but not in vitro.
- Published
- 1983
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11. Total synthesis of a RNA molecule with sequence identical to that of Escherichia coli formylmethionine tRNA.
- Author
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Ohtsuka, E, Tanaka, S, Tanaka, T, Miyake, T, Markham, A F, Nakagawa, E, Wakabayashi, T, Taniyama, Y, Nishikawa, S, Fukumoto, R, Uemura, H, Doi, T, Tokunaga, T, and Ikehara, M
- Abstract
A RNA molecule has been synthesized that is identical in sequence to Escherichia coli tRNAfMet except that it lacks the base modifications present in the E. coli tRNA. This was achieved by enzymatic joining of chemically synthesized oligonucleotides with chain lengths of 3-10 which were synthesized by the phosphodiester or phosphotriester method. First, quarter molecules of tRNA were constructed by joining of chemically synthesized fragments with RNA ligase. The 5'-quarter molecule (bases 1-20) served as an acceptor in joining reactions with the 3',5'-bisphosphorylated donor molecule (bases 21-34). The 5'-half molecule thus obtained was treated with phosphatase and joined to the 3'-half molecule which was prepared by ligation of the other quarter molecules (bases 35-60, acceptor; bases 61-77, donor) followed by 5'-phosphorylation with polynucleotide kinase. The synthetic tRNA was characterized by oligonucleotide pattern and was partially active in aminoacylation with E. coli methionyl-tRNA synthetase.
- Published
- 1981
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12. Pressure-induced topological phase transition in noncentrosymmetric elemental tellurium.
- Author
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Ideue T, Hirayama M, Taiko H, Takahashi T, Murase M, Miyake T, Murakami S, Sasagawa T, and Iwasa Y
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Recent progress in understanding the electronic band topology and emergent topological properties encourage us to reconsider the band structure of well-known materials including elemental substances. Controlling such a band topology by external field is of particular interest from both fundamental and technological viewpoints. Here we report possible signatures of the pressure-induced topological phase transition from a semiconductor to a Weyl semimetal in elemental tellurium probed by transport measurements. Pressure variation of the periods of Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations, as well as oscillation phases, shows an anomaly around the pressure theoretically predicted for topological phase transition. This behavior is consistent with the pressure-induced band deformation and resultant band-crossing effect. Moreover, effective cyclotron mass is reduced toward the critical pressure, potentially reflecting the emergence of massless linear dispersion. The present result paves the way for studying the electronic band topology in well-known compounds and topological phase transition by the external field., Competing Interests: The authors declare no competing interest.
- Published
- 2019
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13. Metformin increases degradation of phospholamban via autophagy in cardiomyocytes.
- Author
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Teng AC, Miyake T, Yokoe S, Zhang L, Rezende LM Jr, Sharma P, MacLennan DH, Liu PP, and Gramolini AO
- Subjects
- Animals, HEK293 Cells, Humans, Lysosomes metabolism, Mice, Mice, Knockout, Myocytes, Cardiac metabolism, Proteolysis, Tumor Suppressor Proteins genetics, Tumor Suppressor Proteins physiology, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases genetics, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases physiology, Ubiquitination, Autophagy, Calcium-Binding Proteins metabolism, Metformin pharmacology, Myocytes, Cardiac drug effects
- Abstract
Phospholamban (PLN) is an effective inhibitor of the sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+) ATPase (SERCA). Here, we examined PLN stability and degradation in primary cultured mouse neonatal cardiomyocytes (CMNCs) and mouse hearts using immunoblotting, molecular imaging, and [(35)S]methionine pulse-chase experiments, together with lysosome (chloroquine and bafilomycin A1) and autophagic (3-methyladenine and Atg5 siRNA) antagonists. Inhibiting lysosomal and autophagic activities promoted endogenous PLN accumulation, whereas accelerating autophagy with metformin enhanced PLN degradation in CMNCs. This reduction in PLN levels was functionally correlated with an increased rate of SERCA2a activity, accounting for an inotropic effect of metformin. Metabolic labeling reaffirmed that metformin promoted wild-type and R9C PLN degradation. Immunofluorescence showed that PLN and the autophagy marker, microtubule light chain 3, became increasingly colocalized in response to chloroquine and bafilomycin treatments. Mechanistically, pentameric PLN was polyubiquitinylated at the K3 residue and this modification was required for p62-mediated selective autophagy trafficking. Consistently, attenuated autophagic flux in HECT domain and ankyrin repeat-containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1-null mouse hearts was associated with increased PLN levels determined by immunoblots and immunofluorescence. Our study identifies a biological mechanism that traffics PLN to the lysosomes for degradation in mouse hearts.
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- 2015
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14. IκBζ is essential for natural killer cell activation in response to IL-12 and IL-18.
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Miyake T, Satoh T, Kato H, Matsushita K, Kumagai Y, Vandenbon A, Tani T, Muta T, Akira S, and Takeuchi O
- Subjects
- Acetylation, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing, Animals, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation, Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic, Herpesviridae Infections genetics, Histones metabolism, I-kappa B Proteins metabolism, Immunoblotting, Interferon-gamma biosynthesis, Mice, Mice, Knockout, Microarray Analysis, Muromegalovirus, Nuclear Proteins genetics, Phosphorylation, Polymerase Chain Reaction, STAT4 Transcription Factor metabolism, Gene Expression Regulation immunology, I-kappa B Proteins immunology, Interleukin-12 immunology, Interleukin-18 immunology, Killer Cells, Natural immunology, Lymphocyte Activation immunology, Nuclear Proteins immunology
- Abstract
IκBζ, encoded by Nfibiz, is a nuclear IκB-like protein harboring ankyrin repeats. IκBζ has been shown to regulate IL-6 production in macrophages and Th17 development in T cells. However, the role of IκBζ in natural killer (NK) cells has not be understood. In the present study, we found that the expression of IκBζ was rapidly induced in response to IL-18 in NK cells, but not in T cells. Analysis of Nfkbiz(-/-) mice revealed that IκBζ was essential for the production of IFN-γ production and cytotoxic activity in NK cells in response to IL-12 and/or IL-18 stimulation. IL-12/IL-18-mediated gene induction was profoundly impaired in Nfkbiz(-/-) NK cells. Whereas the phosphorylation of STAT4 was normally induced by IL-12 stimulation, STAT4 was not recruited to the Ifng gene regions in Nfkbiz(-/-) NK cells. Acetylation of histone 3 K9 on Ifng regions was also abrogated in Nfkbiz(-/-) NK cells. IκBζ was recruited on the proximal promoter region of the Ifng gene, and overexpression of IκBζ together with IL-12 activated the Ifng promoter. Furthermore, Nfkbiz(-/-) mice were highly susceptible to mouse MCMV infection. Taken together, these results demonstrate that IκBζ is essential for the activation of NK cells and antiviral host defense responses.
- Published
- 2010
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15. Complete HOX cluster characterization of the coelacanth provides further evidence for slow evolution of its genome.
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Amemiya CT, Powers TP, Prohaska SJ, Grimwood J, Schmutz J, Dickson M, Miyake T, Schoenborn MA, Myers RM, Ruddle FH, and Stadler PF
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- Animals, Base Sequence, Conserved Sequence, Gene Order, Molecular Sequence Data, Evolution, Molecular, Fishes genetics, Genome, Homeodomain Proteins genetics, Multigene Family
- Abstract
The living coelacanth is a lobe-finned fish that represents an early evolutionary departure from the lineage that led to land vertebrates, and is of extreme interest scientifically. It has changed very little in appearance from fossilized coelacanths of the Cretaceous (150 to 65 million years ago), and is often referred to as a "living fossil." An important general question is whether long-term stasis in morphological evolution is associated with stasis in genome evolution. To this end we have used targeted genome sequencing for acquiring 1,612,752 bp of high quality finished sequence encompassing the four HOX clusters of the Indonesian coelacanth Latimeria menadoensis. Detailed analyses were carried out on genomic structure, gene and repeat contents, conserved noncoding regions, and relative rates of sequence evolution in both coding and noncoding tracts. Our results demonstrate conclusively that the coelacanth HOX clusters are evolving comparatively slowly and that this taxon should serve as a viable outgroup for interpretation of the genomes of tetrapod species.
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- 2010
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16. Evolutionary constraint on Otx2 neuroectoderm enhancers-deep conservation from skate to mouse and unique divergence in teleost.
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Kurokawa D, Sakurai Y, Inoue A, Nakayama R, Takasaki N, Suda Y, Miyake T, Amemiya CT, and Aizawa S
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- Animals, Base Sequence, Brain metabolism, Cloning, Molecular, Embryo, Mammalian metabolism, Embryo, Nonmammalian, Enhancer Elements, Genetic genetics, In Situ Hybridization, Mice, Molecular Sequence Data, Takifugu, Vertebrates metabolism, Zebrafish, Brain embryology, Ectoderm metabolism, Evolution, Molecular, Morphogenesis genetics, Otx Transcription Factors genetics, Otx Transcription Factors metabolism, Phylogeny, Vertebrates embryology, Vertebrates genetics
- Abstract
Otx2 is a paired type homeobox gene that plays essential roles in each step and site of head development in vertebrates. In the mouse, Otx2 expression in the anterior neuroectoderm is regulated primarily by two distinct enhancers: anterior neuroectoderm (AN) and forebrain/midbrain (FM) enhancers at 92 kb and 75 kb 5'of the Otx2 locus, respectively. The AN enhancer has activity in the entire anterior neuroectoderm at headfold and early somite stages, whereas the FM enhancer is subsequently active in the future caudal forebrain and midbrain ectoderm. In tetrapods, both AN and FM enhancers are conserved, whereas the AN region is missing in teleosts, despite overt Otx2 expression in the anterior neuroectoderm. Here, we show that zebrafish and fugu FM regions drive expression not only in the forebrain and midbrain but also in the anterior neuroectoderm at headfold stage. The analysis of coelacanth and skate genomic Otx2 orthologues suggests that the utilization of the two enhancers, AN and FM, is an ancestral condition. In contrast, the AN enhancer has been specifically lost in the teleost lineage with a compensatory establishment of AN activity within the FM enhancer. Furthermore, the AN activity in the fish FM enhancer was established by recruiting upstream factors different from those that direct the tetrapod AN enhancer, yet zebrafish FM enhancer is active in both mouse and zebrafish anterior neuroectoderm at the headfold stage.
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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