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Bamboo is an environmentally friendly construction material that has great potential to be used as sustainable material construction for future generation. Bamboo can be used in a wide range of structure components such as beams, columns, floors, frame and truss. As a truss structure, the connection system determines the strength of bamboo truss structures. The bolt tightening force on the truss structure greatly affects the strength of bamboo truss structure. In this study, there are three variations of bolt tightening force on connection system of bamboo truss structure with wooden clamp. In this study, a preliminary research on varying bolt tightening forces on the connection system used with a variety of tightening force by torsion meter, respectively, i.e. 0.5 kgf, 0.8 kgf and 1 kgf unit torsi meter or equal to 1770 N, 2830 N and 3540 N. The results that bolt tightening force amounting of 2830 N, produced the optimum connection strength on bamboo truss structure with wooden clamps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The strength of the bamboo increases from innner surface layer (endodermis) to outer surface layer (exodermis). The strength of bamboo can be utilized optimally by making glue laminated bamboo beams. The curved bamboo lamina as part of the glue laminated beam may be made by peeling off slightly the outer surface layer that contains high strength of fibers. The lamina thickness is made by disposing inner layer of the bamboo. The bamboo used in this work belongs to the species of Bambusa Dendrocalamus asper (local name: bambu Petung). This research aims to improve the shear and flexural strength of the glue laminated bamboo beams by modifying the shape of the cross section of the lamina (curved) rather than ordinary rectangular shape of the lamina. The dimensions of the cross-section of the lamina were of 7/20 mm and 9/20 mm. The laminas were preserved by immersing them in a hot water having chemical solution namely “Natrium Tetrabonat or CCB4” with a concentration of 10%. Having dry air the laminas were glued using adhesive type PVAC and were staked under 2.5 MPa. The cross section dimensions of the beam specimen in shear and bending were of 70/100-900 mm and of 70/100-285 mm, and of 750 mm and 2700 mm long respectively. The simply supported glue laminated beams were tested upon two point loads at a distance of 1/3 the length of the span. The results showed that the glue laminated bamboo beams having curved type of laminas are stronger, more rigid, and more ductile compared to rectangular lamina type. Likewise, the glue laminated bamboo beams having 7 mm thick of lamina are stronger, stiffer, and ductile compared to the glue laminated beam with laminas of 9 mm thick. The average flexural strength of BBR7 (rectangular, 7 mm thick of lamina), BBR9 (rectangular, 9 mm thick of lamina), BBC7 (curved, 7 mm thick of lamina) and BBC9 (curved, 9 mm thick of lamina) are respectively (68.80, 9.28, 63.28, 2.00) N/mm2. The flexural rigidity of related beams are respectively (68.36, 71.05, 75.06, 65.17) N/mm, and the ductility are respectively (2.35, 2.16, 1.87, 2.63). The related average shear strength of SBR7, SBR9, SBC7 and SBC9 are respectively (2.72, 2.61, 2.32, 2.64) N/mm2, while the shear rigidity are respectively (2,737.08, 3,029.77, 3,123.87, 2,794.82) N/mm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Concrete has good compressive but low in tensile strength. The addition of natural fibre into fresh concrete can increase the ductility of the concrete matrix. This research aims to investigate the tensile strength of concrete with 0.50% addition of bamboo fibre based on cement weight. To increase the strength of concrete, the mixture of rice husk ash (RHA) and sea shell ash (SSA) was used as partial replacement of fine aggregate. The replacement is devided into four different percentages namely 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% based on the weight of fine aggregate. The experimental work consisted of casting 13 different types of concrete to be compared in term of splitting tensile strength at the age of 28 and 90 days. In general the tensile strength of bamboo fibre reinforced concrete is comparable to that of Normal Concrete. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bamboo in Indonesia grows rapidly and is ready to be used after three to five years of planting. Bamboo has a pipe-like cross-section and excellent mechanical properties, especially tensile and compressive strength with a specific gravity varies from 0.55 to 0.75. Thus bamboo is now becoming an important sustainable construction material, especially in rural areas. One crucial issue in bamboo construction is the connection system where failure of the connection develops at low level of loading associated with bamboo splitting. In this study, seventeen single-bolted bamboo joints in total were prepared. Four joints are loaded in perpendicular loading direction, and the rest are loaded in parallel loading direction or overlap connections. These joints were a double-shear configuration of bamboo Wulung ( Gigantochloa atroviolacea ) connected by 12-mm bolts and were tested under a quasi-static load. Some of them were reinforced with natural fiber (Indonesian name, “ijuk”) and fiber reinforced plastic (FRP). The results showed that a significant increase of joint slip modulus and load carrying capacity was found in the joints reinforced with FRP. The wrapping effect caused by FRP sheets successfully postpones the bamboo splitting failure, while in the case of joints reinforced with natural fiber ijuk, this increase is negligible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of the use of bamboo increased as non-wood material. The bamboo Gigantchloaatroviolacea is the most popular bamboo used as a construction material in some region of Indonesia. Some weakness bamboo are bamboo non-homogen material, sectional form non-prismatik, the straigthness stems not the same, on the culms guiler node and a cross section in hollow. Effects of node, internode and height position on mechanical properties of bamboo were evaluated. In this article, the mechanical properties of Gigantochloaatroviolacea bamboo was studied (shear, compression and tensile). In this study, selected of the mechanical properties of bamboo culms, located at different height were investigated with ISO 22157 and ASTM. The mechanical properties of bamboo at node, internode and height position were tested in air dry condition. Base on the test results of all properties strength were increased from bottom to top. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed of the effects of node and internode of least significant difference (LSD) except tensile parallel to grain of significant. The effect of hight position (bottom, middle and top) was significant except tensile strength perpendicular to grain of least significant difference (LSD). The interaction between node, internode and hight position was least significant difference (LSD) except tensile parallel to grain of significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesia has serious problems of educational infrastructure where thousands school facilities are in poor condition. In 2011 182.500 classrooms were moderately damaged and 110.598 ones were in severe condition. In order to find a cheap, quick and sustainable solution for the problem above, a design of bamboo building for school is proposed. In this research, internal forces were analyzed by computer software, Structural Analysis Program 2000 v11. Bamboo used for elements of structure is wulung bamboo (Gigantochloa atroviolacea widjaja) and the analysis based on SNI-5 2002 (Standard for Timber Construction Design Procedures in Indonesia). Construction cost was estimated based on SNI (Indonesian National Standard). For bamboo elements which the unit price calculation guidance is not available yet, data survey from the bamboo contractors were used. From the design, most of the elements require bamboo with external diameter of 10 cm. The construction cost estimation range from IDR742,398.02/m2 to IDR795,145.22/m2 (1 USD = 10,000 IDR) in Yogyakarta per May 2013, depend on the design type. The proposed design save construction cost up to 50% compared to conventional building (Rp 1,500,000/m2) in Yogyakarta. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]