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The paper describes the anechoic facility built in Perm National Research Polytechnic University (PNRPU) in 2014-2015 with the objective of studying noise of turbulent jets, vortex rings, and airframe noise. At present, the only other analogous facility in Russia is anechoic chamber AC-2 of TsAGI built in 1970s. One of the most important characteristics of an anechoic facility is a region where inverse square law spreading holds within some tolerance, i.e. where the free-field conditions are observed. Acoustic qualification is aimed at determination of this region in the facility. The present paper provides the results of acoustic qualification of the anechoic chamber in PNRPU, which show that the free-field conditions in the facility are realized within 3 m radius from the sound source for broadband noise in the frequency range 125 Hz – 20 kHz. Therefore, the study demonstrates that the anechoic facility in PNRPU allows aeroacoustic experiments to be performed for obtaining quantitative results. The present work restores domestic competences in design of aeroacoustic experimental facilities, which is important in view of the plans to build in Russia an anechoic wind tunnel with hot flow AKT TsAGI for large-scale aeroacoustic tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Innovative ways and hindrance to the metallurgical industry development of Russia are identified in the article. The authors lighted the emergency situations dependence on the human and technological factors. Three-level organizational structure of the automated management and control system of production of metallurgical enterprises is described in the article. The necessity in additional smart information systems for the metallurgical enterprise automated control system to warn emergency situations is substantiated by the authors. The interplay structure of Automated Control Systems, Emergency Warning Systems and computer information management systems for the metallurgical enterprises is demonstrated in the paper. Functionality of the system and the role of its components in the Emergency Warning System (EWS) are defined in the paper. The final analysis of the research shows the way of preventing emergency situations efficiency confirmed by the positive results of the experimental studies at the joint-stock company “Electrozinc” (Vladikavkaz city). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is devoted to the construction of various earth and engineering structures being operated on soft soils in the northern regions of Russia with a pronounced continental climate and a lot of wetlands. The problem of year-round cooling of water-saturated soil to freezing temperatures in order to convert it into a frozen state of permafrost is considered. To convert the soil into a frozen state of permafrost and keep the state all year around, including the summer period, the new soil cooling apparatus has been developed. The apparatus is economical; it has no moving parts and can operate for a long time without involving any staff. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper considers modelling of effective structures of existing railroad embankments in several variants when projecting side tracks on the Baikal-Amur Mainline of the “Russian Railway”, PLC. The comparison of different factors affecting the temperature fluctuation in the roadway on a partially thawed permafrost subgrade was carried out by the numerical modeling in a non-stationary setting. Quite a number of rational designs for railway embankments, bridges and pipes located in the permafrost areas are developed according to the methods and design-basis justification that are created during a reconstruction of the Eastern Polygon on the Baikal-Amur Mainline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is discussed the possible ways for development the heavy haul train service on the Baikal-Amur mainline. Urgent need for new technologies is caused by the growth in cargo flows to the Pacific seaports. Current measures of Russian Railways and Russian Government for increase the capacity of this key section are too late and don’t provide guarantee for reaching the target capacity level. Authors are trying to find the solution by implementing the heavy haul trains technology to pass growing cargo volumes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is dedicated to life time research regarding the cable units, which are intended for vibration protection of the tools and equipment of the computerized labor coaches (KVL). These protection units are the serial product of INFOTRANS and they are used on the Russian Railways, in CIS countries and some countries of the West Europe. The object, purpose and tasks of this research is clarifying of possible ways for using of the cable vibration dampers in order to protect the automated hardware units, computers and hard discs for data storage against vibration and shock. These units run under hard conditions of heavy vibration and short-time shocks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the recommendations on the concrete production for the precast prestressed reinforced concrete constructions (sleepers, etc.) with double turnover forms per day by using the integrated approach, involving the use of ordinary raw materials, effective modifiers of concrete structure, low-temperature of heat-steaming treatment. Such concretes should provide the required transfer strength (strength at the moment of release tension bars) in a relatively short time 10-12 hours. The implementation of the following measures requires for obtaining the high-performance concrete for sleepers in the conditions of the existing technological equipment of domestic plants: increasing the density of cement stone due to the use of water-reducing admixtures, improving the structure of concrete due to the use of low heat-steaming treatment, the account of activity of Portland cement at low temperature of heat-steaming treatment, use of active mineral component. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper describes the background for implementing geotechnical monitoring and information modeling technologies (BIM-technologies) in practice of artificial underground facility operation. The article also provides an explanation of the necessity to adjust regulatory requirements to artificial underground facility operation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides a brief summary of the approaches for calculating the reliability index and the residual life, currently existing in the world, discussed in more detail the direction taken and distributed in Russia. The analysis is provided on how to choose the most correct and complete approach for the development of a universal comprehensive method for calculating the residual life. The authors proposed a particular method of determining the technical condition and remaining life for the construction objects of the mining and coal industry based on the statistical analysis of a large sample of defects of this building type. To work on a general universal procedure, it is reasonable to use a particular method specified in the paper and some positions of the calculation of residual life with the help of the probability theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently in St. Petersburg problem of reconstruction of hydraulic structures on the small streams of the city is a particularly urgent problem. However, despite the fact that in recent years during such operations side by side with traditional technologies new methods are used, practically there is a lack of publications about organization and planning of hydraulic construction works. The authors of this publication enough acquainted with the history and current state of the work of this kind, which was the basis for this publication. The paper is based on a review of the key technologies used in the reconstruction of the hydraulic facilities in St. Petersburg. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evaluation of environmental-economic damage caused by disturbance of land in urban area is a major task. Current methodologies that are used in Russia are too complex and outdated. In this paper a modern market economy approach is proposed. It was used to calculate environmental-economic damage caused by major (27 ha) illegal landfill in St. Petersburg (Russia). The results were compared to the results obtained using official methodology for the same site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is dedicated to the creation of the atriums in the historical centre of Saint-Petersburg for improving the quality of courtyards. Since 19 century Saint-Petersburg was built mostly with brick buildings along the perimeter of allotments with founding one or several courtyards. “Well-like” courtyards of historical buildings of Saint-Petersburg have typically a lack of illumination and insolation, are badly ventilated and are often transformed into parking lots for inhabitants. Possibility of glassing of “well-like” courtyards is analyzed from the viewpoint of historical buildings protection regulation of Saint-Petersburg and norms of insolation and illumination of the dwelling buildings, basing on the actual experience in the creation of atriums in Saint-Petersburg. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interdependence of the architectural form with function is one of permanently open questions in the architectural theory. The paper describes the history of development mills in Russia in the context of architectural traditions. The use of wind and water engine was a real engineering breakthrough and by the end of the XIX century had been determining the nature of many types of industries. Architectural principles of the mills construction determined common European technological advances and development. The choice of the mill type depended only on the conditions of the building. Mills were built around by a project or likeness. Mill buildings were utilitarian and functional. Changing the architectural appearance of mills associated with the process and its improvement. The peculiar features of the mill buildings appeared only in connection with the characteristic of particular region general construction technologies, traditional building materials and the level of construction equipment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents design and calculation of cost effectiveness of various types of foundations on the example of the city of Vologda. The evaluation of engineering and geological conditions gets the ability to build the planned buildings on the site and the ability to select the carrier layer base. As the carrier layer can be used sandy loam. Also loam can be used for pile foundation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interdependence of the architectural form with function is one of permanently open questions in the architectural theory. The paper describes the history of development mills in Russia in the context of architectural traditions. The use of wind and water engine was a real engineering breakthrough and by the end of the XIX century had been determining the nature of many types of industries. Architectural principles of the mills construction determined common European technological advances and development. The choice of the mill type depended only on the conditions of the building. Mills were built around by a project or likeness. Mill buildings were utilitarian and functional. Changing the architectural appearance of mills associated with the process and its improvement. The peculiar features of the mill buildings appeared only in connection with the characteristic of particular region general construction technologies, traditional building materials and the level of construction equipment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is dedicated to the creation of the atriums in the historical centre of Saint-Petersburg for improving the quality of courtyards. Since 19 century Saint-Petersburg was built mostly with brick buildings along the perimeter of allotments with founding one or several courtyards. "Well-like" courtyards of historical buildings of Saint-Petersburg have typically a lack of illumination and insolation, are badly ventilated and are often transformed into parking lots for inhabitants. Possibility of glassing of "well-like" courtyards is analyzed from the viewpoint of historical buildings protection regulation of Saint-Petersburg and norms of insolation and illumination of the dwelling buildings, basing on the actual experience in the creation of atriums in Saint-Petersburg. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents design and calculation of cost effectiveness of various types of foundations on the example of the city of Vologda. The evaluation of engineering and geological conditions gets the ability to build the planned buildings on the site and the ability to select the carrier layer base. As the carrier layer can be used sandy loam. Also loam can be used for pile foundation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Russian education reform follows the Bologna process pattern and seeks to get construction engineering students develop social and professional competencies. The co-authors of the paper believe that the social competencies of the students of the civil engineering university must be fo-cused on their future professional activities. The social competencies, developed by the students in the course of their studies, must help them to solve the most relevant problems of the urban envi-ronment and its development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently in St. Petersburg problem of reconstruction of hydraulic structures on the small streams of the city is a particularly urgent problem. However, despite the fact that in recent years during such operations side by side with traditional technologies new methods are used, practically there is a lack of publications about organization and planning of hydraulic construction works. The authors of this publication enough acquainted with the history and current state of the work of this kind, which was the basis for this publication. The paper is based on a review of the key technologies used in the reconstruction of the hydraulic facilities in St. Petersburg. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evaluation of environmental-economic damage caused by disturbance of land in urban area is a major task. Current methodologies that are used in Russia are too complex and outdated. In this paper a modern market economy approach is proposed. It was used to calculate environmental-economic damage caused by major (27 ha) illegal landfill in St. Petersburg (Russia). The results were compared to the results obtained using official methodology for the same site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]