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Studying is a part of a student’s life, but not everyone enjoys studying. The long texts and unappealing content make the students lose their interest. To resolve this problem, we suggest changing the conventional method of studying to a new way using Augmented Reality (AR) as a learning tool. Some literatures have used AR technology to help students learn some new concepts. By combining the digital and physical environment, studying activity can be more fun for students. This paper would like to evaluate the effectiveness and the results of using AR in educational purposes by conducting Systematic Literature Review (SLR). The relation between authentic learning and AR is also considered. Based on our study, we can conclude that using AR as a learning tool help student to learn better for certain subjects. This is mainly by visualizing abstract concepts to be 3D object. Therefore, AR can be used to learn concretely the structure of abstract concepts. Furthermore, students think that AR is interesting and gave them the motivation to study more. The students can also easily remember and recall information because the experience is more engaging. In general, AR is more effective as medium of the learning media because the students can see the reproduced real objects in learning and practicing. Further research and development will make AR a more promising learning tool in the future.

Nowadays, 5G is playing a significant role in the efficiency of network security and creating more and faster channels for communication. 5G is evolving industries such as healthcare, education, marketing, transportation, and V2X (Vehicle-to-everything). In addition, 5G considers a new radio access technology that is adding new applications like the Internet of Things (IoT), Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality, connected cars, connected people-to-people, smart city, connected homes that are considered using higher bandwidth and low latency. Mainly, this paper is focusing on security challenges faced by the Vehicular ad-hoc network (VANET). VANET faces threats in three different fields; security, safety, and infotainment, which further have numerous attacks. More precisely, this research conducted an in-depth study and proposed a VANET trust model. Therefore the proposed model deals specifically with the “location closeness” parameter. Moreover, the trust model integrated with 5G cloud to support greater coverage, effective network density with respect to network infrastructure and IoT as well. Therefore, in this article, an effort has been put forward to implement the model using case studies to validate the trust model based on the “location closeness” parameter. The results proved the valid implementation of the model by identifying the trusted communication between the vehicles.

Evacuation training is crucial for protecting human lives from natural and man-made disasters, but it should be more realistic to achieve training effects. In this study, we focused on expressing disaster situations using markerless augmented reality to achieve realistic evacuation training. We prototyped a scenario-based evacuation training system that superimposed three-dimensional computer graphics of disaster situations (e.g. fire and debris) onto real-time vision (captured by Android tablets or smartphones) using ARCore and Unity3D. Through preliminary experiments, we found that the prototype system can provide realistic expression and potentially be used for evacuation training, but we have not yet clarified the training results and how the expressions influenced participants’ emotions.

Remote support tools offer great savings potential for maintenance work and simplify communication between on-site workers and remote experts in the back-office. Despite the predicted benefits and the existence of an increasing number of commercial augmented reality (AR) remote support tools, the technology still struggles with various challenges, mainly caused by technical limitations, safety concerns or industry-specific constraints. In this paper, we describe the implementation of an open source AR remote support application with a strong industry focus. The software was developed based on the feedback of four industry partners with different needs in the field of maintenance work. Therefore, we set the focus on configurability to provide the right tools for each use case. The developed remote support tool was then compared with traditional support measures in a user study. This paper presents the lessons learned from the expert discussions with our company partners and the results of the user study.

Labor flexibility is widely recognized as a critical component of manufacturing flexibility to achieve a competitive advantage in the marketplace. This becomes more important in the context of Industry 4.0, where machines, products, components, Information, and communications technology (ICT) systems and workers collaborate to create an intelligent network. Several studies address the benefits of industry 4.0 technologies for workers. However, there is a concern about the future of work organization with the increased use of digital technologies and the extent to which these technologies allow flexibility or make workers’ activities more rigid. Thus, this study aims to identify the advantages and barriers perceived by the operator in the implementation of these Industry 4.0 technologies. To achieve this objective, a literature review was performed. The results obtained show that Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) technologies increase flexibility since it provides the necessary information to carry out the work task and train operators, thus reducing the occurrence of errors and task duration. However, operator flexibility can also be affected, due to ergonomic aspects, the design of the system interface, as well as how these technologies are implemented. Collaborative Robots (CR) are an important instrument for flexibility, because the robot replaces the operator in the most demanding activities, leaving him available to perform other types of tasks and thus increasing his versatility.

The increasing complexity of adapting established assembly processes to fast changing market demands is challenging European industry. Especially for highly individual products the automation of each assembly step is not feasible for both technical and economic reasons. Humans and machines have to work cooperatively in future factories. Like new programming methods for machines, human workers have to be trained for such changed situations. Therefore, this paper presents challenges and lessons learned from a 4-year research project dealing with the reduction of training effort for assembly processes by researching easily configurable, digital assistive systems. These digital assistive systems arranged on a novel ‘human centered workplace’ range from product-specific work instructions shown on a display and augmented reality solutions for training to collaborative robots. The overall architecture comprises a fully integrated software eco-system for engineering and operating assistive systems, a prototypical assembly station as well as a corresponding transformation process.

This paper is described on the improvement of the Active Textbook System (A-txt) and the consideration for Copyright Law when the A-txt is used. The A-txt is a next-generation electronic educational material system proposed by the authors that can digitally expand the general paper books with general-purpose terminals. This system is the original system that allows you to easily attach additional digital content to any location by using figures and sentences on paper as augmented reality (AR) markers. Initially, A-txt, which was developed for each type of mobile OS, is provided on a unified platform by using Unity, and it has become possible to concentrate budgets and human resources. This time, we have added new functions to make usability better and improved the screen display by modifying the source code. In addition, as a measure to use figures in books as AR markers without infringing copyright, we experimentally have found the minimum necessary range in which A-txt can be used without inconvenience. In the process, we also have found a method to increase the recognition rate of markers.

The world is accelerating the digitisation of many branches of the economy. In production, it is often called Industry 4.0 - the term invented by Prof. Wahlster in Germany. One branch of ‘Production Digitisation’ is Augmented Reality (AR)- a technology that gives a very convenient and natural human-machine interface. Users are presented with the information requested, right in front of their eyes, and can communicate with the system through simple gestures and speech. The key advantage of AR is having one’s handsfree so that the user can perform his/her regular tasks, unhindered. In the first part of this paper, the concept of using AR glasses, in the quality control process, is presented. The present authors describe a proprietary support system. A specific example is then given in a real production environment on a real production process, comparing the old way with the new AR way of conducting test procedures. An evaluation of its usability is characterised using important factors that can affect the final outcome or features of the product and the manner in which it is applied in real life. In concluding, the authors focus on its advantages, the disadvantages, the technological imperfections, and the limitations and go on to deliberate on the conclusions and further research topics.

Context: Locating products or services on-line that meet users want is more and more troublesome thanks to the massive pool of decisions to think about before inbound at the required one. A user might pay a substantial quantity of your time exploring varied on-line resources to find things that work his needs. Moreover, users might not forever categorical their preferences in an exceedingly manner that simply matches them to things that might meet them. Objective: Searching out things on-line has been done principally through information queries that come back an inventory of the foremost appropriate things. Recommendation systems technology may be applied to ease the task of locating the desired things on-line. Method: This study proposes a recommender system allows that permits that allow users to hold out a preference-based cooperative filtering search on rental properties and enables them to refine those preferences based on shallow learning. The room also is visualized using AR and Vuforia. Results: This recommendation approach has been shown to supply additional correct search results. The system was developed as an Internet application victimization Handlebars for front-end and Nodes- ExpressJs for Back-end. Conclusion: The system performs better than existing algorithms and predicts better in memory-based approach.

Industrial robots have been traditionally programmed using teaching pendants, whereas offline programming methods are getting increasingly popular in recent years. Although the above two methods are widely-used in the industry, they both have certain disadvantages. For instance, the teaching pendant method requires a shutdown of the production line during the programming process, while offline programming method requires 3D CAD models of both the robot and the workpiece. In this paper, an augmented reality (AR) application which alleviates the aforementioned problems was proposed for robot programming purposes. The application is created using commercially available AR software, with the addition of our JavaScript code. The use of commercially available software allows an easier sharing and widespread adoption of the application.

Mixed Reality, MR, is defined as the integration of real and virtual worlds to create an environment which allows co-existing of physical and digital objects enabling users to interact with both. MR is a cross of reality, virtual reality including augmented reality and augmented virtuality. With the advent of wireless technologies and ever-increasing integration of the virtual world with the real world, MR has gained more significance in the last 5 years. Also, because of its real-life applications in education, gaming, entertainment, medicine, and military. But no technology comes without risks and shortcomings. Thus, MR also faces many threats and attacks which are broadly classified into 5 types namely, input, output, data, user interaction and device protection some of which include latency, data collection, physical device threats, user threats etc. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of these threats on MR and solutions to mitigate the effects of it.

Virtual learning can provide an environment to reduce the waste of test material and immersive. Currently, the welding technique also uses the virtual learning environment for training skills. The contest integrating learning technology for developing a mobile application by students, such as Augmented Reality, virtual Reality. In the contest, students need to cooperation with different country students and integrating their idea in to a new mobile application. They also need to provide project proposal, promoting video, pitch deck and the complete mobile application. Above all, we developing an interdisciplinary course through the operation of the teacher community. Understand the content of subject learning by consulting teachers in different disciplines and try to find out where they can integrate. The complete curriculum development was construct by three teachers major in mechanical, electronic, and math. The development of curriculum can provide school that need to construct transdisciplinary learning.

In Engineering Education, learning by doing is of paramount importance for supplementing the theoretical concepts with technical introduction to maximize the learning outcome. However, in many fields, the students are not able to apply their knowledge in practical ways in spite of having theoretical understanding of the fundamentals. This can be mainly attributed to the lack of motivation due to absence of interactive course content required for proper visualization of the concepts through student engagement in the classroom. As a result, deep understanding of the concepts is not possible for those who are unable to grasp the delivered content using traditional ways of learning. If the students are provided with such tools that they are able to visualize and interact with what is taught in the classroom, their motivation towards learning can be enhanced. Augmented Reality, being a visualization technology, can be adopted in classroom settings to fulfill this goal. This paper is focused on the use of Augmented Reality as a tool for interactive learning in various fields of engineering education, and its contribution towards student motivation in classroom scenarios.

The fast rhythm of our lives makes it hard for us to find time to cook. When we do, we often have to choose between the commodity of cooking the same familiar food several times and the uncertainty of trying something new. This paper introduces AREasyCooking, an application which uses new technologies to help a user make healthier decisions about their culinary habits. Thus, using augmented reality and bar code reading, AREasyCooking helps users bring in the application the ingredients they have available. The application uses two major sources of recipes (well-known cooks and traditional recipes) to offer users possible variants of dishes with available ingredients. Finally, AREasyCooking guides users step by step through videos in preparing the recipe. Controlling these movies is done with the help of the eyes and the voice since hands are busy cooking.

In the current day scenario, teaching takes place either on the blackboard or on a power point presentation projected on the wall. Traditional methods of teaching are going to become a thing of the past. Instead, imagine students focusing their mobile screens in the middle of the classroom and they will be all viewing holographic 3D objects surfacing from a table and the teacher explaining the visuals. This is going to be a reality in the near future and this technological innovation will transform the teaching-learning process. The objective of this paper is to propose a framework for using Augmented Reality in mobile phones for engineering education. Use of mobile devices in education provide a new educational paradigm, called M-Learning, It offers many opportunities for students to work on their creativity, while at same time it becomes an element of motivation and collaboration. This paper proposes the modern way of AR technology in engineering education, a handy tool to make teaching and learning effective and also proposes a experimental setup to convert a topic to an Android App.

This paper discusses about the enhancement of shopping behavior through mobile application as a personal assistant for the shopper’s in a physical retail outlet by giving various information regarding the products, offers, discounts when they scan a product through mobile. The mobile app uses augmented reality added with in-store GPS technology to track the movements of the shoppers and analyze the buying behavior and shopping pattern. The target design of the conceptual framework is for large in store retail setup like for.eg, hyper market, shopping mall and supermarket.

Virtual information and physical objects are deployed in regular teaching all over, and until recently, blending these two environments has been a very difficult task at best. Understanding the concepts of geometry and their three-dimensional (3-D) space is still considered a difficult subject area for some students. Therefore, a requirement of a learning innovation arises for learning geometry to overcome the problems faced while understanding geometry by students’. The main objective of the paper is to develop Augmented Reality (AR)- based geometry learning for the android and iOS platforms than to deploy the applications among students for teaching 3-D geometry in high school students. This technology is considered to the realm of science and mathematics classroom and supports theoretical underpinnings in understanding the benefits as well as limitations of augmented reality-based learning environment (ARLE) experiences. One of the topics which are difficult for the students to understand is geometry in mathematics education. To address the problem, the article introduces a framework of mobile- based ARLE system.

One of the most important problems in the early years of engineering programs is the difficulty that students have to understand Basic Sciences concepts, their application in technology and, particularly, in engineering. One of the ways to solve this situation is by implementing methodologies that promote an "Active and Student-Centered Learning" (ASCL). There are many techniques to develop this kind of approach, some of them are facilitated and/or enhanced through the use of technology. One of the most developed technologies in recent times and with greater expectations for the near future is Virtual and Augmented Reality (VAR). Our objective with this project is to develop and test VAR applications for improving the understanding of Basic Sciences concepts in freshmen courses.

Technology, if embedded in education efficiently, can do miracles. It can motivate the learners to participate actively at learning platforms and make the learning process more effective. Earlier research has recognized the problem that learning would merely be a passive process if the use of technology does not encourage critical thinking, conception or meta cognition. Since its inception augmented reality(AR) has exhibited a great potential in improving the learning to have active engagement, increased interaction and critical intervention by the students. This is so because this advanced technology provides the learner a natural experience while interacting the real and the virtual environments seamlessly. Merging AR in education, therefore, has caught the researchers’ attention as it provides the learners an immersive and realistic experience. This research work investigates the effect of Augmented Reality(AR) in electronics, electrical and science education on university level students. This paper aims to elaborate the understanding of ohm’s law using AR technology. A marker based AR application namely AROhm has been developed which can make the students learn in a Hands-on augmented way to provide them a noval and concrete learning experience. 20 participants(students) were chosen from first year engineering and the subject chosen is BEEE(Basics of electrical & electronics Engineering). Two groups namely treatment and control group were made and data collection has been done to obtain qualitative as well as quantitative results of the application. AROhm has been proved cost effective and simply requires a laptop or an ordinary desktop. T- test is used for measuring the effects of AR technology over traditional learning. Written feedback has been taken from both the participant groups. Pros and Cons of the application as evolved from the students as well as teachers were discussed.

Education trends are changing from traditional teaching to Electronic-learning and Mobile-learning. Through the development of information and communication technology, many e-learning systems were developed but, they lack in terms of user interaction. This affects student’s learning, motivation, performance, thinking level, technical skills, and expertise. The accessibility of practical labs in science and engineering education with expensive equipment and apparatus is restricted for a limited amount of time for large number of students. According to the previous research, it was found that there are fewer studies in the field of electromagnetism by using Augmented Reality (AR) application. Moreover, students are facing difficulties to understand Fleming’s rule and for this, no practical experiment is available in the physics lab. The solution to overcome these problems is through the use of Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) labs. In this research the Concept of Fleming’s rule in Electromagnetism is explained by using AR technique and the visualization of magnetic field lines, electric current and force exerted on current-carrying conductor has been done. The efficiency of the proposed system was calculated and team-based activity among secondary and applied engineering students was analyzed. The knowledge gain by the students was measured using the pre-test and post-test method. The outcomes of this research revealed that AR technology was more efficient in enhancing students’ knowledge in the field of Electromagnetism. The investigation also suggests that AR application helps the students to gain higher flow understanding levels than those attained by a web-based application.

A bedsore, also known as pressure sore, pressure ulcer or decubitus ulcer, is the result of constant pressure on skin occurring in bedridden patients and paraplegics continuously sitting in chair. All patients who are immobile for a long time due to any cause are likely to get bedsores. Effective and efficient management of processes related to the treatment of bedsores is an important issue for healthcare organizations as it heavily affects the quality of life of patients and the costs for such organizations. Therefore organizations need and look for more and more to provide their field workforce with smart mobile tools able to support such processes. In such a context, this paper proposes a mobile app implementing a Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) to help field operators to measure the bedsore, classify its status, trace its evolution along the timeline and making correct decisions about the course of actions to effectively treat it. The mobile app is mostly based on Augmented Reality supported by Deep Learning, thus it requires an adequate system architecture to be effectively deployed, adopted and used. From the conceptual viewpoint, the defined CDSS model lays on three important considerations: providing automatic support to classify the status of a bedsore does not do all the work but help operators to improve the quality of their decisions, augmented reality allows to build a situated environment for decision-making supporting the operators’ cognitive processes, operators should use only one tool to execute all their tasks in order to be more focused on the real problem which is to improve the quality of life of their patients.

Augmented Reality (AR) overlays digital information over user’s real world. Designing and developing AR applications is a difficult task. It involves user interface designing, content generation according to the target audience so that the application is easy to understand, interactive, consistent and ease to use. To design these applications there are many design principles evidenced in existing literature such as learnability, affordance, simplicity etc. However, there are no studies in the literature which define most appropriate usability principles/guidelines for designing mobile based AR applications for kindergarten kids. Age is a significant factor to be considered in developing applications for kids especially when it comes to interaction techniques to be used in learning applications. The kids may not easily use and interact with the applications developed for the adults. Therefore, there is a need to identify the principles that should be kept in mind while developing AR applications according to the kids. The aim of our research is to develop usability principles for mobile based applications for kindergarten kids using AR. We proposed 23 usability principles by studying the existing literature on usability, design principles for AR applications, guidelines/principles for tangible interfaces. These principles would help other researcher and developers to create more interactive, learnable and easy to understand AR applications for kids solving the identified usability problems.

Recently, in-vehicle systems have considered integrating Augmented Reality (AR) to serve various purposes. The information offered to the driver by an in-vehicle system should be presented such that it can be easily interpreted without negatively affecting the driver’s attention for the driving task. The interface must be accessible, visible and easily legible, while also being symbolically relevant. In this paper, we explain the requirements and design decisions that lead to the proposal of our current AR-based visualization component of our in-vehicle system. The 3D AR visualization scheme we propose enhances the automatic adaptive notification filtering module of the in-vehicle system previously proposed. We integrated voice and gesture commands in order to manage common actions during driving, such as navigation system functions, control of the radio or of the air conditioner, or generic actions regarding incoming notifications. The system is tested in an artificial setting in the laboratory, using a simulated prototype vehicle deck and windshield.

A smart city is one of a huge transformation in these millennia, where it combines latest and advanced technology to overcome the daily basis problem of humans. Artificial intelligence with augmented reality has been highlighted as the potential solution along with IOT and another system to support the smart city system. The smarter Jeddah is part of Saudi Vision 2030 where Saudi government tends aims to transform this second biggest city in the kingdom to be a smart city with a ton of applications that connected with IOT and they can monitor people inside the city in real time. The proposed system focused on providing the resident of the Jeddah city with smart apps that can help them on conducting their daily basis activities (tourism) or even in an emergency situation. The geo-location data and other information will be used as a feeder for deep learning to make the system learn and getting smarter to disseminate information to the user based on their needs, location, emergency factors, etc. Resident can access the municipality public facilities such as Jeddah waterfront location and see what the event happens inside. They also can find the location of other attractive location such as Al-Fakieh aquarium and observe the content of aquarium facilities with virtual reality technology. In term of emergency cases: accident, car stopping and another incident; the proposed apps will be able to inform the police patrol nearby or nearest workshop for tyre or car workshop. This app is capable for wide range utilization to support program of the Ministry of Municipal and Rural Affairs to apprehend the smart city integrated application. The simulation test has confidently proved that deep learning algorithm overcome other classifier Naive Bayes and Random forest with 67.5% recognition rate. The future work can be integrated with IOT sensor based system to enhance the municipality service in smart city.

The impact of air pollution on the health of the population and the greenhouse effect determine the development of green transport modes. One is cycling. The developed a dual-use cycling route planning and management tool VeloRouter provides agent-based routing load simulation and allows each user to choose the most attractive travel time. However, during the trip, the cyclists want to get real-time information not only about the weather, but also about the terrain that would improve travel safety. One of the possible solutions is augmented reality (AR) smart glasses. It is important to develop an appropriate and sustainable AR solution, which is not possible without careful prior analysis.

In our generation the information systems evolve with new technologies: augmented reality (AR), IoT, artificial intelligence, blockchain etc. Anymore they perform information exchange by sensors. It is estimated that the systems will be in a state of extreme interaction and reach 50 billion devices connected in Internet in 2020. We know that everything around us will be in interaction and they will do everything without any need of human interference. For example, when our dishwasher is full, it will start to wash automatically, or when the run out of the gasoline, our car will drive to the nearest station, or even when a burglar is entered to our house, it will automatically be detected and be announced to the police office. In business life, the processes will be automatical in maximum level and this technology will increase productivity and efficiency. Next to mobile technology, it is thought that these new generation information systems (IS) will take the biggest place in our lives. AR also will be integrated to these systems to augment the information in real world. Humanity will augment its habitat in an innovative way thanks to these AR based IS. This paper surveys the current state-of-the-art AR systems related with aerospace & defense, industry, education, medical and gaming sectors. The connection of AR based IS and innovation is explained with a technological insight. In addition to international use cases HAVELSAN’s use cases are also given that are performed from the aspect of applied open innovation strategy. This strategy is addressed specific to the implemented activities of AR based IS.

The mining industry is confronted with obligations to improve worker safety and provide more effective maintenance of the new-age mining machineries. It is also essential to develop reconnaissance mission to support emergency rescue operations. An approach to ensure the mine workers safety using AR (Augmented Reality) with remote monitoring CCS (Command Control System) is proposed in this paper. This method provides an interactive and augmented real time instantaneous personal safety solution. The benefit of augmented reality is blended with real time mining environmental sensor data using multimodal learning approach to predict the emergency situation instantaneously. Environmental mining sensory information is processed with Complex Event Processing (CEP) engine to derive high level events that trigger the alarm for the emergency situation. The proposed event driven multimodal AR based CCS, outperforms the existing emergency prediction solutions that use sensor fusion or deep learning AR.

Learn a subject, for some people, might be an uninteresting and boring activity, especially when the subject to learn are difficult subjects to understand. Many methods used to change learning activities become more enjoyable and interested. This study proposed a new method in learning activities, by applied augmented reality technology in the learning process. The case study used in this paper are implementation the augmented reality in studied subjects related to train technology. In this study, author implement augmented reality on learning material, combines real and virtual things in one media, in this case a mobile device. The impact of implementation of augmented studied, at the end of experiment, author can conclude when implement augmented reality technology in learning material helps the learning process and increasing the impressive and fun factor in learning process and make the learning process more interested. Implementation of Augmented Reality in learning material gives more information about the object being studied, information about on shapes, textures, and provide more visualization for the object.

The dramatically increased computational capabilities of mobile devices have leveraged the opportunities for mobile application engineers. Respective scenarios, in which these opportunities can be exploited, emerge almost per day. In this context, mobile augmented reality applications play an important role in many business scenarios. In the automotive domain, they are mainly used to provide car customers with new experiences. For example, customers can use their own mobile device to experience the interior of a car by moving the mobile device around. The device’s camera then detects interior parts and shows additional information to the customer within the camera view. Although the computational capabilities have been increased, the realization of such mobile augmented reality applications is still a complex endeavor. In particular, the different mobile operating systems and their peculiarities must be carefully considered. In the AREA (Augmented Reality Engine Application) project, a powerful kernel was realized that enables location-based mobile augmented reality applications. This kernel, in turn, mainly focuses on robustness and performance. In addition, it provides a flexible architecture that fosters the development of individual location-based mobile augmented reality applications. As many aspects have to be considered to implement individual applications based on top of AREA, this paper provides the first comprehensive overview of the entire algorithm framework. Moreover, a recently realized algorithm and new features will be presented. To demonstrate the applicability of the kernel, its features are applied in the context of various mobile applications. As the major lesson learned, powerful mobile augmented reality applications can be efficiently run on present mobile operating systems and be effectively realized by engineers using AREA. We consider such mobile frameworks as being crucial to provide more generic concepts that are able to abstract from the peculiarities of the underlying mobile operating system and to support mobile application developers more properly.

In 2016, Microsoft released the mixed reality (MR) head-mounted display (HMD) HoloLensTM. As augmented reality (AR) devices, the HoloLensTM can enrich the user’s perceived environment with virtual information. However, Microsoft does not consider the HoloLensTM as AR device, but as the first MR device, since it has some additional features compared to competing AR devices. Especially to mention is the possibility to interact with virtual objects and vice versa. This paper shall provide an insight about the application potentials of MR in the field of production and logistics. For this purpose, we present the findings of a literature review about the current state of research concerning the application of Microsoft HoloLensTM in the field of production and logistics. Furthermore, we present a small HoloLensTM application, which we have developed to evaluate the capabilities of the device. Several persons tested our application and gave us feedback concerning the utility and usability of the HoloLensTM. We provide an evaluation of the user experiences at the end of the paper.

The purpose of this research is to propose a new drawing learning support environment to replace the conventional learning environment. In conventional drawing learning, it is customary to sketch 3D object on a plane. Therefore, there are many research cases in which a system assists a learner to learn drawing skill, when the learner draw a sketch on a plane. On the other hand, in this research, we aimed at design and development of the environment that can support the acquisition of the drawing skill when the learner is drawing in three dimensions. A virtual 3D object is superimposed on a real 3D object using augmented reality, and the positional relationship between the real 3D object and the virtual 3D object is linked. As a result, we have realized a system that allows students to easily compare pictures in real 3D object with virtual 3D object when painting.

Development in information technology has resulted in revolutionizing all aspects of life and this revolution has been realized as Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR4.0). The IR4.0 will reduce the gap between digital and physical world. Keeping ultramodern developments in view, an amalgamation of physical and digital systems will prove to be revolutionary. To elevate from the current state universities are required to prepare curriculum, academicians and students alike. Thus academia should weigh their capabilities putting effort to equip our generations with latest knowledge and skills to face future realism. Universities are required to enhance their approach and methods of education. Latest technologies such as Big Data Analytics, Artificial Intelligence, Augmented Reality, and Internet of Things, Cloud Computing and other advancements need to be focused in order for students to learn its application. This paper is based on qualitative research along with a deductive approach focused towards redesigning curriculum and teaching practices in line with IR4.0 practices. The research is focused upon various emerging challenges related to fundamental elements and objectives in academia. Based on the qualitative research a curriculum matrix has been proposed, the suggested matrix will enable universities to enhance their current curriculum in line with the technological competencies required in the upcoming era of Industry 4.0.

Motor skill training, posture matching and Augmented Reality (AR) based learning technology are considered to be the cornerstones of dance learning paradigm. In this paper, an AR based posture matching technique is presented based upon skeletal mapping and movement matching where each posture is modelled by a sequence of pivotal movements and continuous data frames. An extension of the previously published work by the authors, this paper aims to provide a taxonomic overview of dance learning/ training technologies with respect to existing learning theories. Furthermore, the proposed system is evaluated using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and a pilot study is carried out to assess the acceptability of the system. The results of the pilot study are also utilized for identifying flaws and to calculate the sample size for further evaluation using a larger group of subjects. This research also aims at providing a taxonomical knowledge and categorization of the proposed Augmented Reality Dance Training System (ARDTS) in the state-of-art hierarchical structure of learning theories.

Students generally experience difficulties in learning human body anatomy due to constraints to visualize the body anatomy from 2D into 3D image. This research aims to develop a human anatomy learning system using augmented reality technology. By using this system, it is expected that students can easily understand the anatomy of the human body using a 3D image visualization. The method used in this system is augmented reality marker on mobile computing platform. The marker is captured by taking a picture. Then, the captured image is divided into pieces and the pattern is matched with images stored in the database. In this research, we use Floating Euphoria Framework and combine it with the SQLite database. Augmented reality anatomy system of the human body has features that can interactively display the whole body or parts of the human organs. To evaluate the usefulness of the application, we tested the augmented reality anatomy system with high school students and medical students for learning the anatomy of the human body. The results show that the human anatomy learning system with interactive augmented reality visualization helps students learn human anatomy more easily.

The world is changing faster than ever, and digital technologies are bringing about unprecedented transformation and changing our work and lives in ways we have never anticipated. Digital transformation topic is an actively discussed these days. Internet of Things (IoT), big data, social media, cloud computing, blockchain, and augmented reality are driving organisations to the next level of digital customer engagement and IT-enabled business processes and services. Cloud computing is a key pillar of the digital transformation technology ecosystem. This paper highlights the cloud computing roles to achieve the digital transformation in Saudi Arabia, and it seeks to empirically examine the cloud computing concerns in the public sectors organisations of Saudi Arabia. An online questionnaire was launched aiming at the existing cloud computing adoption and its concerns in Saudi Arabia. Security, privacy and loss of governance are still the main obstacles for adopting cloud computing technology, although some organisations recognized their lack of knowledge in this field.

Situated analytics (SA), a combination of augmented reality and visual analytics, is a potential tool in enhancing user understanding of information. This study created a mobile application (app) named FoodGo, which utilizes SA to present product information in mobile devices, to help consumers in making a food choice in a grocery shopping scenario. FoodGo was designed in such a way that users just need to scan the barcode of a food product using the smartphone’s camera and the helpful food information will then be augmented in the smartphone display using the concept of situated analytics. An iterative process of design analysis, prototype development, and user interface evaluation was used in designing and developing the mobile app prototype. The iterative process was limited to three iterations only and the data gathered in each iteration was used to improve the mobile app in the succeeding iterations. After the iteration cycles, the final version of the Android FoodGo mobile app was developed and was ensured that all the components, which includes the barcode scanning and the cloud database, were working properly. The effectiveness of using the mobile app in helping consumers make a healthier food choice was assessed in a mock-up grocery shopping environment. The result indicated that using FoodGo significantly improves the success rate of users to select a healthier food product. Further improvements for the FoodGo mobile app include putting a tutorial on how to use the mobile app when opened for the first time and having an option to input special health conditions such as diabetes for a more personalized way of informing the user about the food products.

Augmented Reality(AR) is growing as an acme of the cutting edge developments in the field of human computer interaction. There is a great potential in AR environments to serve as teaching aids in complementing and improving communication as not everyone is gifted to share their thoughts vocally(deaf-mute) due to physical in capacities.Keeping a pace with advent of technology there is a desperate need of cost-effective devices which could convert Hindi (one of the widely-used languages in India) Varnamala to sign gestures using 3D animated hand movements, to establish an independent learning as well communication facility for deaf/mute. The objective of this study was to create an AR application which could present 3D animated sign gesture on mobile system. When the camera is focused on a media-card, the letter marked on card will be spotted by the application and an animated 3D hand movement for the respective letter will be displayed in real-time.A quasi experimental design was used to assess the efficacy of the system and its resultant learning outcome. Evocative statistics were amended to investigate the data from the deployment of prototype. Experimental outcomes demonstrated a substantial improvement in sign language learning of the deaf-mute students. The initial hypothesis of augmented sign learning is effectually attained in this work and it can be further prolonged to cater to a wider assortment of teaching-learning scenarios.

Over the last years, augmented reality was used in various domains, from medical, industrial design, modeling and production, robot teleoperation, military, entertainment, leisure activities to translation, facial recognition, assistance while driving, interior and exterior design, virtual friends, internet of things and eLearning. In eLearning, the combination between classical and augmented content (the later coming with 3D models, images, sounds, animations, Internet browsing, etc.) can help the teacher to better explain the content of the courses. In this paper, we present four augmented reality applications, created with the aim to improve communication and collaboration skills (two of them) and to ease the learning of biology and geography (the other two). The motivation behind these applications is to enhance the attractiveness of the classes, allow students to retrain new information more easily and reduce the stress behind tests when presented as games.

People with motor disabilities – e.g. in the hand – due to brain and spinal cord injuries often suffer an extensive loss of autonomy, performance and quality of life. Although the limitations of a brain-controlled hand exoskeleton can be reduced to a certain extent, the usability for everyday use is still insufficient. In this short paper we describe a research project in progress for a new human-machine interaction concept, based on a brain-computer interface and augmented reality glasses, which aims to improve the usability of brain-controlled hand exoskeletons.

In this paper, we describe a method to make active learning from class to self-study by two proposed methods. One of them is naming active note taking (A-note), which actively makes note taking at class. The other is a system called active textbook system (A-txt) which promotes students’ self-study by adding digital contents to a general paper textbook and browsing with a mobile smart device. A-note is aimed at making the head work for taking note itself. In this method, in order to reduce passive note taking as much as possible, let students actively write out the information by the students’ words and diagrams to handouts distributed in advance. In the class to which this method was applied, the results of the test improved and the introduction effect was confirmed. We also analyzed the materials written by students using image processing technology. When examining the correlation between the analyzing results and the test results, a certain correlation was observed. Therefore, quantitative effects by introducing A-note could be shown. As for A-txt, we expanded iOS application using augmented reality (AR) technology in order to be more easy and effective the conversion of general books into digital educational materials. In this time, we have developed a GUI system that makes it easy to produce the additional content to a textbook. In addition, we added functions that allow students to post questions about the textbook etc. to teachers. We also conducted an application survey cooperating testers and found a smart device specification that can use A-txt without problems. Therefore, by combining A-note and A-txt, we found a possibility that students actively learn from lecture to self-study.

Augmented Reality Technology is developing rapidly and has been widely used in the field of education. Due to the ease of developing AR by non-professionals, User Experience (UX) is often not considered in the application. Currently, there are no standard measurements of UX for AR applications especially in Education. The authors reviewed previous research to obtain UX references and the existing measurement standards. From the results of the review, the metrics were analyzed based on the characteristics of AR, especially in the field of education. The metrics will be recommended for the UX measurement of an AR application. The available standard metrics can be used to determine the UX quality of an AR application and contribute to the improvement of UX in AR applications, especially in the field of Education.

The results of observations showed that the book about Tais produced by Secretariat de Estado da Arte e Cultura (SEAC) has not been able to meet the needs of users because the information is less interesting and interactive. This paper’s aim is to introduce the more interesting and interactive way to introduce Tais. Utilization of Augmented Reality (AR) technology in an application built with the Unity3D program is done to provide different way in presenting interesting and interactive information to its users. Based on the results in this paper, the developed application can handle the presentation in more interesting and interactive way. The ideal distance in the tracking process for target objects with size 7 x 6 cm is ranged from 6 cm to 30 cm, with the image ratio that can be detected at the farthest distance is 4% of the camera image. For the detection angle, the target object can be detected properly from approximately ±640. From the data acquired, it can be said that AR can be used to introduce Tais in more interesting and interactive way.

This article details the process involved in the development of a new and revolutionary solution for medical communication. Our solution precisely tracks head and eye movement and allows the user to interact with an intuitive, pictogram-based interface. Around the world, many people rely on written instruction and verbal or non-verbal communication to accompany medication or provide additional information on a patient’s symptoms. However, poor language skills and a host of health problems, psychological disorders and trauma can limit a person’s ability to speak or move. Our solution could drastically improve the quality of life of patients suffering from brain injury, hearing loss, and many other communication disorders and disabilities. They can begin to communicate with greater ease and fluency, feel connected to the world, and experience better and more accurate medical care. The potential applications have many incredible advantages, ranging from improved communication with family, to emergency medical uses which can save the life of an affected individual. The use of augmented reality in our solution, as well as the secondary camera to improve accuracy in eye-tracking, makes this solution for a more accurate, while the inclusion of a pictogram-based interface makes it a practical solution that cuts down on the error margins of traditional accessibility devices and makes it equality accessible to children and speakers of foreign languages. According to the data we have gathered, we confirmed that the solution we propose has many possible practical applications in improving the health, safety, and life-quality of the user.

The main objective of this research was to improve the level of understanding of the usage of vowels and numbers for children over 4 years of age in the Juana Alarco de Dammert Nursery School in Trujillo through an educational mobile application that is composed of the unit development platform, monodevelopment, Andriod Studio, Vuforia using the programming language C# that was made based on the development methodology of extreme software programming. The research design is a pre-experimental experiment grade which was composed of 10 children over the age of 4 of the nursery school and was used as a method of data analysis Student T test. In addition, with the implemented application it was possible to increase the level of academic performance of vowel usage by 27.60% and the use of numbers by 22.60%. It was concluded that with the implementation of the educational mobile application of augmented reality, the level of understanding of vowel usage and numbers had improved in the Juana Alarco de Dammart nursery school children.

Single-view 3D registration aims to estimate the position and orientation of the object in 3D space. Real-time and accurate 3D registration is one of the key technologies in augmented reality, which is a means to guarantee the geometric consistency of augmented reality system. For the lack of features of the textureless objects, single-view 3D registration method based on contour matching is a general method for 3D registration with textureless model, but it is limited to the derivative of the solution method. In this paper, we propose a new simulate calculation method for single-view 3D registration. In the case of the non-derivative function, the steady gradient is obtained by the graphical simulation method, and the stable and robust pose parameter is solved. Based on the analysis of the projection accuracy of the 3D model, the simulation results of the 3D model are analyzed. The smooth expression of the objective function is obtained according to multiple sampling of the model and depth analysis, thus the stable 3D pose result is obtained. The quantitative and qualitative experimental results show that this method can converge quickly, and can achieve very high accuracy and robustness. At the same time this method effectively solves the problem of local extremum.

Human body anatomy becomes an important topic in Biology subject that must be understood since junior high school. Learning materials are mostly available in form of book and anatomy mannequin (puppet), but it is still insufficient enough to help students in understanding human body anatomy. Augmented Reality (AR) is a technology that combines a real thing into virtual environment interactively. This research purpose is to develop an AR application for human body anatomy learning to be more interesting and easier for student to understand. This application enables student to learn human body anatomy with 3D object interaction while previously using textbook and mannequin. Research method in for this study is by using quantitative method that collects data and then develops the prototype to prove the impact. Application development method is done by using waterfall method that includes planning (collect data and analysis), design (user interface and diagram), implementation, and testing. Research result is AR application for human body anatomy learning that contains 3D object, organ explanation and position that can be accessible on web.

Rapid development of Augmented Reality technologies and expanding area of their applications has led to the demand for highly qualified specialists in this field. However, while the Augmented Reality research and development community is growing stronger, the teaching competence and exchange of good practices in this field are still very fragmented. The main purpose of article is to present a review of existing practices in teaching of Augmented Reality courses. This review aims to teachers, scientists and policy makers to inform them about learning methods, learning objectives, assessment criteria, and required knowledge, skills, and competences in the field of Augmented Reality.

This project is about design and implementation of Augmented Reality cloud recognition power platform for 3D Entity Objects. Typical power operations include equipment inspection, equipment maintenance, emergency repair, reverse brake operation, line operation and so on. Combining with the characteristics of electric power operation site, to improve the on-site operation mode, through the interactive collaboration such as terminal multidimensional exhibition, backstage data fusion, and custom services, the clouds recognition system will provide grid on-site an automatic and intelligent new solution based on AR.

In this paper we present an augmented reality system for mobile devices that facilitates 3D brain tumor visualization in real time. The system uses facial features to track the subject in the scene. The system performs camera calibration based on the face size of the subject, instead of the common approach of using a number of chessboard images to calibrate the camera every time the application is installed on a new device. Camera 3D pose estimation is performed by finding its position and orientation based on a set of 3D points and their corresponding 2D projections. According to the estimated camera pose, a reconstructed brain tumor model is displayed at the same location as the subject’s real anatomy. The results of our experiment show the system was successful in performing the brain tumor augmentation in real time with a reprojection accuracy of 97%.