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This is a cross-sectional descriptive-analytic research conducted aiming to study the relation between various types of maltreatment during childhood and mental health. The population for this research consists of married individuals residing in Tehran in 2013; 337 individuals were selected from entertainment centers, health centers and cultural centers using targeted sampling. The self-reported scales of child abuse by Mohammad Khani (2002) and Public Health (GHQ-28) were implemented and consequently Piersson correlation coefficient, simple regression and multiple regression and T- Test were employed. The findings of the research state that there exists a positive and meaningful relation between various types of maltreatment during childhood and mental health in during adulthood. Furthermore, a significant difference was observed between various types of abuse in women and men.

Emotion-focused Treatment (EFT) is a short-term and structured approach in Couples Therapy which is based on clear and evident concepts of marital desperation, affections recognition, adulthood love, and emotional responses. According to this outlook, marital agitation is formed and continues by widespread states of negative affection and attachment damages, lack of concern toward needs and internal wishes, negative interactional prototypes, and unsuitable emotional experience. The present study has been conducted for the purpose of determining the effectiveness of employing emotion-focused approach in couple's marital satisfaction. The population of this study includes couples Family Counseling Center of Education District 5 Tehran who have been married at least for three and at most for six years. Forty people (20 couples) were chosen by simple randomization and were randomly divided into two groups (one as experimental and the other one as control group). The experimental group was exposed to emotion-focused Couples Therapy intervention for eight sessions with duration of each session being ninety minutes. Meanwhile, the control group was put on the waiting list. Both groups were evaluated again after eight weeks. T-test and analysis of covariance were used for the data analysis. The results of the study indicated that the emotion-focused intervention has been effective in increasing the indicators of marital satisfaction in couples. Also, the findings of the study revealed a significant difference between women and men in emotion-focused experimental group and those in the control group.

The present research aims to compare coping styles in MS patients and healthy subjects. The statistical population of this research includes all the patients referred to Sina Hospital and Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Community. Among them, eighty patients were selected through convenience sampling method. The healthy subjects were selected through simple random sampling method. They were matched with the other group in terms of age, level of education, and gender. Here, Lazarus and Folkman's Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WCQ) was used. After administrating the questionnaires, the data were inserted into SPSS software. The analysis of the data was performed using descriptive statistical methods and the One-Way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results of the research showed that MS patients mostly used problem-focused strategies. They also use escape and avoidance subscales, social support, plan-full problem solving and self-controlling more and use confrontation coping subscales less than the healthy subjects do.

The aim of the present study is to predict marital satisfaction based on spiritual intelligence. The statistical population of the study consisted of all couples who referred to [family] counseling centers of Tehran in 2012. A sample of 240 individuals (120 women and 120 men) was selected from among this population in counseling centers of Tehran using random multistage sampling method. Additionally, stepwise multivariate regression was used to examine research hypotheses. The results indicated that, while relying on the inner core of spiritual intelligence, the element of spiritual life had the largest contribution to the prediction of the criterion variable and explained 35.2% of the marital satisfaction variance. Adding the element of “perception of and communication with the origins of the universe” to the equation increased the explanation coefficient to 37.1%. In addition, the results showed that the elements of spiritual intelligence among women and men explain marital satisfaction differently. Therefore, it is recommended that family therapists also consider the role of religious beliefs as an important factor in both the incidence of marital conflicts and solving them.

Sensation is an immediate severe reactive that is usually followed by significant protest of auto nerve and physiologic reactions, and creates the desire to movement. Music can create immediate eroticism by fast rhythm following exaggerated coloring and by the use of means such as fast rhythm (sudden increasing and decreasing of volume).This research is descriptive and the prospective type that is practiced on analyzing the relationship among college students and the preference of music type (Pop, and Classic). In this research, 100 college students (50 male and 50 female) were chosen from the statistical society of female and male students who were studying in the second semester of 2010-2011 in Islamic Azad University, Science and Research branch based on randomized cluster method, and the Zuckerman's sensation seeking questionnaire the fifth form and the interview method were performed. The results were analyzed by the statistical independent T test and Pearson correlation coefficient. T he results of correlation analysis showed that there is a significant relationship at the level of 95% (r=0.28) between sensation seeking and the preference of type of music. Based on the results achieved, there is a significant and positive relationship between high sensation seeking and Pop, and low sensation seeking and classical music.

The objective of this study is to survey the relationship between achievement motive, innovation, ambiguity tolerance, self- efficacy, self esteem and self-actualization with entrepreneurship orientation in the students of Azad Islamic University of Khomein. The sample of this study includes 400 BA students of Khomein Azad Islamic University in the years 2009-2010 which were chosen according to the clustering sampling. To collect the data, entrepreneurship orientation test, achievement motive questionnaire, innovation scale, ambiguity tolerance scale, self-efficacy questionnaire, self esteem questionnaire, and self - actualization questionnaires were used. The results of Pierson correlation coefficient showed that entrepreneurship orientation has a positive and meaningful relationship with the variables: achievement motive, innovation, self esteem, self efficacy, and se lf- actualization. Self esteem and ambiguity tolerance have a positive and meaningful relationship (p

This research investigates the efficacy of cognitive therapy in reducing test anxiety. The method of this study was experimental and the target population was undergraduate students of Tehran city. The sample consisted of 90 girls randomly selected from the subjects who were diagnosed as with test anxiety by TAI and psychological interview. Subjects were assigned randomly to experimental and control groups with regard personality components (Introvert and Extravert). The cognitive therapy was used as therapy techniques.A one way analysis of variance showed significant differences between experimental and control groups in variables of test anxiety. Tuky test demonstrated that cognitive therapy was effective in reducing test anxiety. In addition t test demonstrated that cognitive therapy was more effective in reducing test anxiety of introvert students.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of multiple intelligences- based instruction on student's creative thinking ability at 5th grade in primary school. This research was a quasi-experimental study with non-equivalent groups, which includes pre and post-test design with the control group. The study was conducted with 30 experimental and 29 control group students at 5th grade in primary school in Kermanshah. Torrance's Creative Thinking Test was given to both groups as pre-tests and post- tests. During the instruction, the experimental group received multiple intelligences based on learning science activities while the control group utilized traditionally designed science instruction by the same teacher over a period of 8 weeks. Results which were analyzed by covariance indicated that multiple intelligences- based instruction significantly stimulated student's creative thinking ability; hence, it was concluded that strategies founded on MI theory were more effective in improving student's creative thinking ability than traditional teaching.

This study is an attempt at improving the quality of schools through determining how much the internal effectiveness is, with an emphasis on quantitative indexes, in Dezful's technical and art schools, in comparison with the average internal effectiveness of Khozestan's, the Province in which Dezful city is located, and the whole country's schools. In this study, Frank Hikler's comparative method which is absolute and subjective was used. .Population of the study incorporated Dezful's technical and art schools’ students. The authors investigated the grades of these schools’ current students, and also tried to get statistics of the students from 2001 to 2006. Descriptive statistics (chart, frequency distribution, percentage) and inferential statistics (independent t-test, analysis of variance and so on) were used for quantitative assessment of the internal effectiveness. A researcher- made questionnaire was also used as the data collection tool and Cronbach Alpha reliability coefficient for the instrument was 0.7266.A sample of 260 students, out of 800 junior students of these schools, were selected through simple random sampling to complete the researcher-made questionnaire. Some students and managers were interviewed and also facilities of these schools were considered for the qualitative assessment of these schools’ internal effectiveness. Qualitative assessment showed that the internal effectiveness of Dezful's schools is 0.97,of Khozestan’ schools is 1.038,and of the whole country's schools is 0.83. The results revealed that the percent of graduated students in Dezful's schools from 2001 to 2006 were 13.25 percent lower than the percent of the graduated students from technical and art schools of Isfahan Province, Iran from 1991 to 1996. Furthermore, the results revealed that the quality of technical and art schools can be improved through proper planning for in-service training and through equipping the schools with modern equipments and facilities. Analysis and investigation of the internal effectiveness of technical and art schools would enable the government to plan properly and to reduce unnecessary cost, and the government thus would invest properly and the wealth of a country can’t be wasted.

The goal of the study was the effectiveness in treatment addicted patients based on their personality profiles. 102 addicted patients from four different areas of Tehran included in this study. All patients were asked to complete IP IP-NEO and Substance Use Disorders scales before and after Methadone Maintenance Therapy (MMT) or detoxification. By means of opium test in six month period, according to their relapse & non-relapse. Findings revealed that there was significant difference between two groups in Neuroticism and patients without relapse had low level of Neuroticism than patients with relapse. We also compared personality profiles of patients with personality profiles of normal subjects. Normal subjects had high levels of Agreeableness and Conscientiousness, while addicted had higher neuroticism. The finding generally, evidenced the differences of personality of normal & addicted people.

The aim of the present study was to examine neurofeedback training (NFT) and speech therapy to enhance learning and speech ability in patients with a diagnosis of autism spectrum. Single case pre- and post-intervention study was adopted. The neuropsychological profile of the patient was compared pre and post NFT. A 6 year-old boy with a diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) completed 50 sessions of EEG biofeedback training and 20 sessions of speech therapy. Formal interview and self-reports of his mother reveal specially autism signs and symptoms. The training incorporated video feedback to increase the 4-7 Hz band (using arousal protocol) on T4-P4. Parent management principles were being taught to his mother. Results of formal interview, qEEG and self-reports showed significant reduction in signs and symptoms and enhancement in performance. Current study shown that neurofeedback produced effective improvement in autistic children's performance. It can stimulate future research in using neurofeedback to treat this kind of disability.

Introduction : anxiety disorders are the most prevalent psychological disorders and disrupt individual and social functions in patients .It is necessary to understanding of etiology and course and prognosis of these disorders .One of the risk factors in anxiety disorders is the child abuse experience in patients’ psychological history. But, there is no study on this relation in Iran. Therefore, current study has performed. Purpose : the purpose of this study was the investigation on prevalence of anxiety disorders and predictive relation of abuse experience in childhood with General health and anxiety disorders in universities students of Tehran. Method : 400 college students in Tehran (198 male, 202 female) were selected and answered to structured mental disorders inventory, general health questionnaire (GHQ) and Child Abuse Self Report Survey(Mohammad Khaniet et al., 2002). Findings : findings show that there is a significant relationship between anxiety disorders and child abuse. Results : the results of this study show the necessity of supportive education and concerning to psychological health of the children whom are encountered with social damages which lead to future psycho -social problems.