Search

The surface of cylinder liner is tribologically important. In most cases, it has a two-process cross-hatched structure created by the plateau honing process. Because the surface topography of cylinder liners is complicated, its analysis is challenging. Special methods have been used to analyse the textures. In this article, first, the parameters in the standard are reviewed. Next, the methods for selecting the reference elements are presented. Other comprehensive methods of cylinder surface analysis are described. Finally, methods of cylinder texture modelling are analysed.

Various components of surface texture are identified, namely form, waviness and roughness. Separation of these components is done by digital filtering. Gaussian regression filter that works without running-in and running-out profile fragments as well as profile spline filter was developed. The performance of conventional Gaussian digital filter was compared with those of Gaussian regression filter and spline filter. The modelled deterministic and random one-process profiles are the objects of investigation. We found that the performance of Gaussian regression filter was better than that of spline filter. Gaussian robust profile filtering technique was established. Valley suppression Rk filter was also included. These filters were compared and some of them were recommended. This paper is given in two parts. Part I focuses on the analysis of one-process surfaces. Part II discusses mainly digital filtering of stratified textures.

This is the second part of the paper “Digital filtering of surface topography”. In part I Gaussian regression filter that works without running-in and running-out profile fragments as well as profile spline filter were compared. The performance of Gaussian regression filter was better than that of spline filter. Part II discusses digital filtering of stratified surface textures. Gaussian robust profile filtering technique was established. Several typical robust weight functions were adopted. Valley suppression Rk filter was also included. The results of filtration of deterministic and random profiles of symmetric ordinate distribution were analysed and compared with those obtained after using Gaussian regression filter. In these cases the waviness and roughness parameters after using Gaussian and other filters should be similar. The computer generated profiles, profiles having triangular scratches and measured stratified surfaces were also subjected to filtration. The surface topography distortion and computation time were compared. Based on the comparison results, some digital filters were recommended.

Theoretical and experimental work on stylus flight is described. The paper describes the development of a simulation model for assessing the magnitude of surface topography distortion by stylus flight. Experiments on the surfaces support the theoretical model, which predicts stylus flight. The measurements of different surface topographies (including surfaces after grinding, turning, honing, milling) were done using Talyscan 150 measuring instrument with four traversing speeds (0.5, 1, 2 and 3 mm/s). The results of theoretical considerations and experiments were compared. The effect of stylus flight on surface topography parameters of measured surfaces basing on experimental investigation was assessed. The tendency was found that slope decreased, decrease of amplitude parameters and increase of horizontal parameters took place, but these effects were different for various surface types. The simulation procedure assured good accuracy of surface topography parameters changes. Based on theoretical investigation, the effect of stylus flight and stylus tip radius on parameters of computer-generated profiles was predicted. The choice of traversing speed to different types of surfaces was done. The parameters of biggest changes caused by error in measurement due to stylus kinematics were selected.

Internal combustion engine cylinder bores are used here to study methods of minimizing the effort required to obtain three-dimensional (3-D) surface descriptions. After a brief experimental study to confirm that parameterization is not unduly sensitive to the geometry of various instrument configurations, two main issues are considered. Because true mapping is expensive, it would be desirable, at least for routine work, if it could be avoided. We show that very often a set of profiles, short of a true map, will supply an adequate description. Efficient processing requires that the sampled data spacing be as large as possible so as to minimize the size of datasets, which tend to be large for measurements over an area. Two algorithmic approaches to predicting a best sampling are investigated. One is a modification of a previously proposed approach based on cummulative power spectra and the other is a novel exploitation of “deep valley analysis.” Both are shown to be useful in practice, although the fomer is somewhat preferable because it is less application-specific.