Frequency of Prescription of Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs: Analysis of Compulsory Health Insurance Billing Data Abstract. According to the nephrology recommendation in the Choosing Wisely campaign, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should be avoided in people with cardiac and renal diseases. This study provides quantitative data on the use of NSAIDs in Switzerland as well as indications of how the billing frequency of NSAIDs in high-risk individuals has changed since the introduction of the recommendation., Method: Secondary analysis of billing data from compulsory health insurance. The frequency of NSAID use was stratified by sociodemographics and the comorbidities "cardiology" and "renal insufficiency"., Results: It was shown for the first time that 33.6% of the total study population, 42.1% of the cardiac risk population and 18% of the renal risk population used NSAIDs. There was a slight tendency for the billing frequency to decrease after the introduction of the recommendation., Discussion: Further studies are needed as a matter of priority to quantify the use of potentially harmful NSAIDs in other risk groups and, on the basis of the ensuing study results, a wider use of the Choosing Wisely recommendations must be considered, especially in the general population.