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Background Current information on the use of adalimumab (ADA) in the treatment of ocular Behcet9s disease (BD) is still based mainly on small series or case reports; nonetheless preliminary evidence is promising. Objectives The study aim was to evaluate the efficacy of ADA in a large series of BD-related uveitis. Methods We performed a multicenter retrospective observational study including 40 selected patients (66 eyes) receiving ADA. Clinical data were retrospectively analyzed at baseline, at 3 and 12 months of treatment. Primary end-point was: reduction of ocular inflammatory flares. Secondary end-points were: improvement of Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA), reduction of macular thickness measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT), reduction in the occurrence of vasculitis assessed by fluorescein angiography (FA), evaluation of statistically significant differences between patients treated with ADA monotherapy and those undergoing ADA plus DMARDs and in patients firstly treated with ADA compared to patients previously administered with other biologics; ADA steroid sparing effect was also evaluated. Results During the first 12 months of ADA therapy the number of flares significantly decreased from 200 flares/100 patients/year to 8.5 flares/100 patients/year (p Conclusions ADA is highly effective and safe for the treatment of BD-related uveitis, providing a long-term control of ocular inflammation. Disclosure of Interest None declared

Objectives To evaluate the role of interleukin (IL)-1 inhibitors anakinra (ANA) and canakinumab (CAN) in the treatment of Behcet disease (BD)-related uveitis Methods multicenter retrospective observational study including 19 consecutive BD patients (31 affected eyes) receiving treatment with anti-IL-1 agents. Data were analyzed at baseline, at 3 and 12 months. Primary end-point: reduction of ocular inflammatory flares (OIF). Secondary end-points: improvement of Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA); reduction of macular thickness defined by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and of vasculitis identified with fluorescein angiography (FA); evaluation of statistically significant differences between patients treated with IL-1 inhibitors as monotherapy, subjects also administered with disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and/or corticosteroids as well as between patients administered with IL-1 inhibitors as first line biologic treatment and those previously treated with TNF-α inhibitors Results at 12 months OIF significantly decreased from 200/100 patients/year to 48.87/100 patients/year (p p p =0.001, respectively). OIF rate was significantly higher in patients co-administered with DMARDs (81.8/100 patients/year) than in patients undergoing IL-1 inhibitors as monotherapy (0.0/100 patients/year) ( p =0.03). No differences were identified on the basis of corticosteroid use and between patients administered with IL-1 inhibitors as first-line biologic approach or second-line. Steroid dosage was significantly decreased at 12-month visit compared to baseline ( p =0.02). Conclusions treatment with IL-1 inhibitors is effective in the management of BD-related uveitis and provides a long-term control of ocular inflammation in refractory and long-lasting cases. Disclosure of Interest None declared