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As an essential rubber mixing equipment in continuous production, an internal mixer should have a long service life while operating at high intensity. Studies show that at these severe operating conditions, end face wear of the internal mixer is inevitable. It is worth noting that the end face is an important part of the closed mixing chamber. The head of the rotor shaft is inserted into the copper ring of the sealing plate, the sealing plate and the mixing chamber are pressed together by bolts. There is a gap between the rotors and the mixing chamber. During the mixing process, the mixed rubber in the mixing chamber is in direct contact with the end face, the end face metal is frictional and abraded. Wear of the end face may result in a gap between the mixing chamber and the end face, leading to material leakage. As the leakage intensifies, the gap between the end face and the mixing chamber further increases, thereby forming negative feedback. This phenomenon not only affects the chemical composition of the rubber but also reduces the mixing efficiency and decreases the performance of the rubber compound. The end surface material is cobalt chromium molybdenum tungsten alloy. The alloy model is Stellite 6B. In the present study, the influence of different amounts of CF on the friction and wear of the end face is analyzed from the chemical composition perspective. Moreover, the ratio of corrosion wear to abrasive wear is calculated. The obtained results show that as the amount of CF in the compound increases, the proportion of the corrosive wear of the compound to the metal increases, while the proportion of abrasive wear decreases. The highest proportion of corrosive wear and the lowest amount of metal wear can be achieved for the CF amount of 9 phr. As the CF content in the composition increases, the ratio of the corrosive wear of the rubber compound to metal decreases, while the proportion of abrasive wear and the total amount of wear to metal increases. • Studies show that at these severe operating conditions, end seal wear of the internal mixer is inevitable. • This study analyzed the effect of different additions of CF on the friction and wear of the end seal. • The highest proportion of corrosive wear and the lowest amount of metal wear can be achieved for the CF amount of 9 phr. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internal mixer is an important mixing component in industrial applications. Studies show that when a mixer operates for a long time, wear may appear at the end face of the internal mixer. On the other hand, abrasion of the end face increases the gap between the mixing chamber and the end face. Then, leakage occurs, which reduces the mixing effect and affects the rubber performance. Therefore, it is of significant importance to study the wear of the end face during the mixing process. Graphene oxide (GO) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have excellent electrical characteristics and thermal conductivity so that they have been widely used in various fields such as synthesized composite rubbers. GO and MWCNTs are mechanically blended into natural rubber to obtain GO/MWCNTs composite material. In the present study, the influence of the GO/MWCNTs ratio on the friction and wear of the end face of the internal mixer is analyzed. The obtained results show that MWCNTs and GO molecules interact to form a three-dimensional network structure, which has a greater impact on the degree of silica dispersion, silanization reaction, and metal wear. As the GO content increases, the average friction coefficient between rubber and metal, metal roughness, the proportion of abrasive wear, and the amount of metal wear gradually decrease. The lowest values can be achieved when the amount of added GO is set to 3 phr. When the GO in the mixture exceeds 3 phr, the friction coefficient between rubber and metal, and the metal roughness change, thereby affecting the proportion of abrasive wear and increasing the amount of metal wear in the mixing process. In this experiment, the amount of CNT that reduces GO aggregation is 6 phr. On the whole, when the ratio of GO/MWCNTs is 3/6, the synergistic effect of MWCNTs and GO molecules is maximized, the area of the three-dimensional network structure of GO/MWCNTs is the largest, the dispersibility of SiO 2 is the best, and the amount of wear of the composite material on the metal is the lowest. • In the present study, the influence of the GO/MWCNTs ratio on the friction and wear of the end face of the internal mixer is analyzed. • The obtained results show that MWCNTs and GO molecules interact to form a three-dimensional network structure. • It is concluded that the metal wear is minimized when the ratio of GO/MWCNTs in the GO/MWCNTs composite is set to 3/6. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the basic equipment in the rubber field, the internal mixer is suitable for long-term rubber mixing. For the continuous production of the factory, the wear of the internal mixer is a problem that cannot be ignored. This article mainly studies the wear of the end face of the internal mixer. The end face of the mixer is connected to the mixing chamber. With the increase in mixing time, the end face of the mixer is inevitably worn. The abrasion of the end face of the internal mixer causes the gap between the end face of the internal mixer and the mixing chamber to increase, and the materials in the mixing chamber leak out. This affects the ratio of materials and reduces the mixing effect. And with the increase in material leakage, the abrasion of the end face of the internal mixer is intensified, which eventually leads to a decrease in the compound's performance. BF is a pure natural inorganic non-metallic material. It has good high-temperature resistance, and high compressive strength can be used in various environments and is inexpensive and cost-effective. Based on this, BF is increasingly used in the rubber field. In this paper, the effect of adding different amounts of BF on the friction and wear of the end face of the internal mixer is studied, and the proportions of varying wear forms are distinguished for the first time. The study finds that with the increase of BF in the compound, the proportion of abrasive wear first decreased and then increased, the balance of corrosion wear first increased and then decreased, and the amount of metal wear first decreased and then increased. It is found that the lowest wear of the rubber compound on the metal can be achieved when the amount of BF reaches 10 phr. When the BF amount increases, the corresponding amount of metal wear increases. • With the increase of mixing time, the end face of the mixer is inevitably worn. • This paper studied the effect of different BF additions on the friction and wear of metals. • It is found that the lowest wear of the rubber compound on the metal can be achieved when the amount of BF reaches 10 phr. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]