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1. Personal, professional, and psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospital workers: A cross-sectional survey

Author

Kimia Honarmand, Christopher J. Yarnell, Carol Young-Ritchie, Robert Maunder, Fran Priestap, Mohamed Abdalla, Ian M. Ball, John Basmaji, Chaim M. Bell, Lianne Jeffs, Sumesh Shah, Jennifer Chen, Danielle LeBlanc, Jessica Kayitesi, Catherine Eta-Ndu, and Sangeeta Mehta

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Objectives We aimed to evaluate the personal, professional, and psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospital workers and their perceptions about mitigating strategies. Design Cross-sectional web-based survey consisting of (1) a survey of the personal and professional impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and potential mitigation strategies, and (2) two validated psychological instruments (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale [K10] and Impact of Events Scale Revised [IES-R]). Regression analyses were conducted to identify the predictors of workplace stress, psychological distress, and post-traumatic stress. Setting and participants Hospital workers employed at 4 teaching and 8 non-teaching hospitals in Ontario, Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results Among 1875 respondents (84% female, 49% frontline workers), 72% feared falling ill, 64% felt their job placed them at great risk of COVID-19 exposure, and 48% felt little control over the risk of infection. Respondents perceived that others avoided them (61%), reported increased workplace stress (80%), workload (66%) and responsibilities (59%), and 44% considered leaving their job. The psychological questionnaires revealed that 25% had at least some psychological distress on the K10, 50% had IES-R scores suggesting clinical concern for post-traumatic stress, and 38% fulfilled criteria for at least one psychological diagnosis. Female gender and feeling at increased risk due to PPE predicted all adverse psychological outcomes. Respondents favoured clear hospital communication (59%), knowing their voice is heard (55%), expressions of appreciation from leadership (55%), having COVID-19 protocols (52%), and food and beverages provided by the hospital (50%). Conclusions Hospital work during the COVID-19 pandemic has had important personal, professional, and psychological impacts. Respondents identified opportunities to better address information, training, and support needs.

Published
2022

2. Observational study of agreement between attending and trainee physicians on the surprise question: 'Would you be surprised if this patient died in the next 12 months?'

Author

Christopher J Yarnell, Laura M Jewell, Alex Astell, Ruxandra Pinto, Luke A Devine, Michael E Detsky, James Downar, Roy Ilan, Shail Rawal, Natalie Wong, John J You, and Rob A Fowler

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

BackgroundOptimal end-of-life care requires identifying patients that are near the end of life. The extent to which attending physicians and trainee physicians agree on the prognoses of their patients is unknown. We investigated agreement between attending and trainee physician on the surprise question: "Would you be surprised if this patient died in the next 12 months?", a question intended to assess mortality risk and unmet palliative care needs.MethodsThis was a multicentre prospective cohort study of general internal medicine patients at 7 tertiary academic hospitals in Ontario, Canada. General internal medicine attending and senior trainee physician dyads were asked the surprise question for each of the patients for whom they were responsible. Surprise question response agreement was quantified by Cohen's kappa using Bayesian multilevel modeling to account for clustering by physician dyad. Mortality was recorded at 12 months.ResultsSurprise question responses encompassed 546 patients from 30 attending-trainee physician dyads on academic general internal medicine teams at 7 tertiary academic hospitals in Ontario, Canada. Patients had median age 75 years (IQR 60-85), 260 (48%) were female, and 138 (25%) were dependent for some or all activities of daily living. Trainee and attending physician responses agreed in 406 (75%) patients with adjusted Cohen's kappa of 0.54 (95% credible interval 0.41 to 0.66). Vital status was confirmed for 417 (76%) patients of whom 160 (38% of 417) had died. Using a response of "No" to predict 12-month mortality had positive likelihood ratios of 1.84 (95% CrI 1.55 to 2.22, trainee physicians) and 1.51 (95% CrI 1.30 to 1.72, attending physicians), and negative likelihood ratios of 0.31 (95% CrI 0.17 to 0.48, trainee physicians) and 0.25 (95% CrI 0.10 to 0.46, attending physicians).ConclusionTrainee and attending physician responses to the surprise question agreed in 54% of cases after correcting for chance agreement. Physicians had similar discriminative accuracy; both groups had better accuracy predicting which patients would survive as opposed to which patients would die. Different opinions of a patient's prognosis may contribute to confusion for patients and missed opportunities for engagement with palliative care services.

Published
2021
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3. Genetic analysis of the endangered Cleveland Bay horse: A century of breeding characterised by pedigree and microsatellite data.

Author

Andrew Dell, Mark Curry, Kelly Yarnell, Gareth Starbuck, and Philippe B Wilson

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

The Cleveland Bay horse is one of the oldest equines in the United Kingdom, with pedigree data going back almost 300 years. The studbook is essentially closed and because of this, there are concerns about loss of genetic variation across generations. The breed is one of five equine breeds listed as "critical" (

Published
2020
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4. Mitochondrial D-loop sequence variation and maternal lineage in the endangered Cleveland Bay horse.

Author

Andy C Dell, Mark C Curry, Kelly M Yarnell, Gareth R Starbuck, and Philippe B Wilson

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Genetic diversity and maternal ancestry line relationships amongst a sample of 96 Cleveland Bay horses were investigated using a 479bp length of mitochondrial D-loop sequence. The analysis yielded at total of 11 haplotypes with 27 variable positions, all of which have been described in previous equine mitochondrial DNA d-loop studies. Four main haplotype clusters were present in the Cleveland Bay breed describing 89% of the total sample. This suggests that only four principal maternal ancestry lines exist in the present-day global Cleveland Bay population. Comparison of these sequences with other domestic horse haplotypes (Fig 2) shows a close association of the Cleveland Bay horse with Northern European (Clade C), Iberian (Clade A) and North African (Clade B) horse breeds. This indicates that the Cleveland Bay horse may not have evolved exclusively from the now extinct Chapman horse, as previous work as suggested. The Cleveland Bay horse remains one of only five domestic horse breeds classified as Critical on the Rare Breeds Survival Trust (UK) Watchlist and our results provide important information on the origins of this breed and represent a valuable tool for conservation purposes.

Published
2020
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5. Evaluation of thermal pattern distributions in racehorse saddles using infrared thermography.

Author

Maria Soroko, Daniel Zaborski, Krzysztof Dudek, Kelly Yarnell, Wanda Górniak, and Ricardo Vardasca

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

The impact of a rider's and saddle's mass on saddle thermal pattern distribution was evaluated using infrared thermography (IRT). Eighteen racehorses were ridden by four riders with their own saddle. Images of the saddle panels were captured at each of six thermographic examinations. On each image, six regions of interest (ROIs) were marked on the saddle panels. The mean temperature for each ROI was extracted. To evaluate the influence of load on saddle fit, 4 indicators were used: ΔTmax (difference between the mean temperature of the warmest and coolest ROI); standard deviation of the mean temperature of the six ROIs; right/left; bridging/rocking and front/back thermal pattern indicator. Incorrect saddle fit was found in 25 measurements (23.1%) with ΔTmax greater than 2°C. The relationships between rider and saddle fit as well as saddle fit and horse were significant (p

Published
2019
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6. Right on track? Performance of satellite telemetry in terrestrial wildlife research.

Author

M P G Hofman, M W Hayward, M Heim, P Marchand, C M Rolandsen, J Mattisson, F Urbano, M Heurich, A Mysterud, J Melzheimer, N Morellet, U Voigt, B L Allen, B Gehr, C Rouco, W Ullmann, Ø Holand, N H Jørgensen, G Steinheim, F Cagnacci, M Kroeschel, P Kaczensky, B Buuveibaatar, J C Payne, I Palmegiani, K Jerina, P Kjellander, Ö Johansson, S LaPoint, R Bayrakcismith, J D C Linnell, M Zaccaroni, M L S Jorge, J E F Oshima, A Songhurst, C Fischer, R T Mc Bride, J J Thompson, S Streif, R Sandfort, C Bonenfant, M Drouilly, M Klapproth, D Zinner, R Yarnell, A Stronza, L Wilmott, E Meisingset, M Thaker, A T Vanak, S Nicoloso, R Graeber, S Said, M R Boudreau, A Devlin, R Hoogesteijn, J A May-Junior, J C Nifong, J Odden, H B Quigley, F Tortato, D M Parker, A Caso, J Perrine, C Tellaeche, F Zieba, T Zwijacz-Kozica, C L Appel, I Axsom, W T Bean, B Cristescu, S Périquet, K J Teichman, S Karpanty, A Licoppe, V Menges, K Black, T L Scheppers, S C Schai-Braun, F C Azevedo, F G Lemos, A Payne, L H Swanepoel, B V Weckworth, A Berger, A Bertassoni, G McCulloch, P Šustr, V Athreya, D Bockmuhl, J Casaer, A Ekori, D Melovski, C Richard-Hansen, D van de Vyver, R Reyna-Hurtado, E Robardet, N Selva, A Sergiel, M S Farhadinia, P Sunde, R Portas, H Ambarli, R Berzins, P M Kappeler, G K Mann, L Pyritz, C Bissett, T Grant, R Steinmetz, L Swedell, R J Welch, D Armenteras, O R Bidder, T M González, A Rosenblatt, S Kachel, and N Balkenhol

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Satellite telemetry is an increasingly utilized technology in wildlife research, and current devices can track individual animal movements at unprecedented spatial and temporal resolutions. However, as we enter the golden age of satellite telemetry, we need an in-depth understanding of the main technological, species-specific and environmental factors that determine the success and failure of satellite tracking devices across species and habitats. Here, we assess the relative influence of such factors on the ability of satellite telemetry units to provide the expected amount and quality of data by analyzing data from over 3,000 devices deployed on 62 terrestrial species in 167 projects worldwide. We evaluate the success rate in obtaining GPS fixes as well as in transferring these fixes to the user and we evaluate failure rates. Average fix success and data transfer rates were high and were generally better predicted by species and unit characteristics, while environmental characteristics influenced the variability of performance. However, 48% of the unit deployments ended prematurely, half of them due to technical failure. Nonetheless, this study shows that the performance of satellite telemetry applications has shown improvements over time, and based on our findings, we provide further recommendations for both users and manufacturers.

Published
2019
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7. A citizen science based survey method for estimating the density of urban carnivores.

Author

Dawn M Scott, Rowenna Baker, Naomi Charman, Heidi Karlsson, Richard W Yarnell, Aileen C Mill, Graham C Smith, and Bryony A Tolhurst

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Globally there are many examples of synanthropic carnivores exploiting growth in urbanisation. As carnivores can come into conflict with humans and are potential vectors of zoonotic disease, assessing densities in suburban areas and identifying factors that influence them are necessary to aid management and mitigation. However, fragmented, privately owned land restricts the use of conventional carnivore surveying techniques in these areas, requiring development of novel methods. We present a method that combines questionnaire distribution to residents with field surveys and GIS, to determine relative density of two urban carnivores in England, Great Britain. We determined the density of: red fox (Vulpes vulpes) social groups in 14, approximately 1km2 suburban areas in 8 different towns and cities; and Eurasian badger (Meles meles) social groups in three suburban areas of one city. Average relative fox group density (FGD) was 3.72 km-2, which was double the estimates for cities with resident foxes in the 1980's. Density was comparable to an alternative estimate derived from trapping and GPS-tracking, indicating the validity of the method. However, FGD did not correlate with a national dataset based on fox sightings, indicating unreliability of the national data to determine actual densities or to extrapolate a national population estimate. Using species-specific clustering units that reflect social organisation, the method was additionally applied to suburban badgers to derive relative badger group density (BGD) for one city (Brighton, 2.41 km-2). We demonstrate that citizen science approaches can effectively obtain data to assess suburban carnivore density, however publicly derived national data sets need to be locally validated before extrapolations can be undertaken. The method we present for assessing densities of foxes and badgers in British towns and cities is also adaptable to other urban carnivores elsewhere. However this transferability is contingent on species traits meeting particular criteria, and on resident responsiveness.

Published
2018
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8. Personal, professional, and psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospital workers: A cross-sectional survey

Author

Honarmand, Kimia, primary, Yarnell, Christopher J., additional, Young-Ritchie, Carol, additional, Maunder, Robert, additional, Priestap, Fran, additional, Abdalla, Mohamed, additional, Ball, Ian M., additional, Basmaji, John, additional, Bell, Chaim M., additional, Jeffs, Lianne, additional, Shah, Sumesh, additional, Chen, Jennifer, additional, LeBlanc, Danielle, additional, Kayitesi, Jessica, additional, Eta-Ndu, Catherine, additional, and Mehta, Sangeeta, additional

Published
2022
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9. Failure of intravenous or intracardiac delivery of mesenchymal stromal cells to improve outcomes after focal traumatic brain injury in the female rat.

Author

L Christine Turtzo, Matthew D Budde, Dana D Dean, Eric M Gold, Bobbi K Lewis, Lindsay Janes, Jacob Lescher, Tiziana Coppola, Angela Yarnell, Neil E Grunberg, and Joseph A Frank

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Mesenchymal stromal cells secrete a variety of anti-inflammatory factors and may provide a regenerative medicine option for the treatment of traumatic brain injury. The present study investigates the efficacy of multiple intravenous or intracardiac administrations of rat mesenchymal stromal cells or human mesenchymal stromal cells in female rats after controlled cortical impact by in vivo MRI, neurobehavior, and histopathology evaluation. Neither intravenous nor intracardiac administration of mesenchymal stromal cells derived from either rats or humans improved MRI measures of lesion volume or neurobehavioral outcome compared to saline treatment. Few mesenchymal stromal cells (

Published
2015
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10. Observational study of agreement between attending and trainee physicians on the surprise question: 'Would you be surprised if this patient died in the next 12 months?'

Author

Natalie Wong, Shail Rawal, Alex Astell, Michael E. Detsky, Roy Ilan, Laura M. Jewell, Christopher J. Yarnell, James Downar, Rob Fowler, Ruxandra Pinto, John You, and Luke A. Devine

Subjects
Male, Palliative care, Activities of daily living, Pulmonology, Epidemiology, Health Care Providers, Tertiary Care Centers, 0302 clinical medicine, Medical Conditions, Surveys and Questionnaires, Medicine and Health Sciences, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, Medical Personnel, Prospective cohort study, media_common, Confusion, Chance agreement, Aged, 80 and over, Ontario, Academic Medical Centers, Terminal Care, Multidisciplinary, Palliative Care, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Hospitals, 3. Good health, Surprise, Professions, Infectious Diseases, Educational Status, Female, medicine.symptom, Research Article, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Death Rates, media_common.quotation_subject, Science, 03 medical and health sciences, Respiratory Disorders, Population Metrics, Diagnostic Medicine, Physicians, Medical Staff, Hospital, Humans, Hospitals, Teaching, Aged, Population Biology, business.industry, Internship and Residency, Biology and Life Sciences, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, Trainees, Health Care, Health Care Facilities, Family medicine, Medical Risk Factors, People and Places, Respiratory Infections, Observational study, Population Groupings, business
Abstract

BackgroundOptimal end-of-life care requires identifying patients that are near the end of life. The extent to which attending physicians and trainee physicians agree on the prognoses of their patients is unknown. We investigated agreement between attending and trainee physician on the surprise question: “Would you be surprised if this patient died in the next 12 months?”, a question intended to assess mortality risk and unmet palliative care needs.MethodsThis was a multicentre prospective cohort study of general internal medicine patients at 7 tertiary academic hospitals in Ontario, Canada. General internal medicine attending and senior trainee physician dyads were asked the surprise question for each of the patients for whom they were responsible. Surprise question response agreement was quantified by Cohen’s kappa using Bayesian multilevel modeling to account for clustering by physician dyad. Mortality was recorded at 12 months.ResultsSurprise question responses encompassed 546 patients from 30 attending-trainee physician dyads on academic general internal medicine teams at 7 tertiary academic hospitals in Ontario, Canada. Patients had median age 75 years (IQR 60–85), 260 (48%) were female, and 138 (25%) were dependent for some or all activities of daily living. Trainee and attending physician responses agreed in 406 (75%) patients with adjusted Cohen’s kappa of 0.54 (95% credible interval 0.41 to 0.66). Vital status was confirmed for 417 (76%) patients of whom 160 (38% of 417) had died. Using a response of “No” to predict 12-month mortality had positive likelihood ratios of 1.84 (95% CrI 1.55 to 2.22, trainee physicians) and 1.51 (95% CrI 1.30 to 1.72, attending physicians), and negative likelihood ratios of 0.31 (95% CrI 0.17 to 0.48, trainee physicians) and 0.25 (95% CrI 0.10 to 0.46, attending physicians).ConclusionTrainee and attending physician responses to the surprise question agreed in 54% of cases after correcting for chance agreement. Physicians had similar discriminative accuracy; both groups had better accuracy predicting which patients would survive as opposed to which patients would die. Different opinions of a patient’s prognosis may contribute to confusion for patients and missed opportunities for engagement with palliative care services.

Published
2021

11. Mitochondrial D-loop sequence variation and maternal lineage in the endangered Cleveland Bay horse

Author

Philippe B. Wilson, M.R. Curry, Andy C Dell, Kelly Yarnell, and Gareth Starbuck

Subjects
Heredity, Marine and Aquatic Sciences, Biochemistry, Bogs, Cluster Analysis, Animal Husbandry, Clade, Phylogeny, Animal Management, Mammals, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Multidisciplinary, 030302 biochemistry & molecular biology, Eukaryota, Agriculture, Breed, humanities, Mitochondrial DNA, Mitochondria, Nucleic acids, Genetic Mapping, Vertebrates, Medicine, Maternal Inheritance, Ponies, Research Article, Freshwater Environments, Forms of DNA, Science, Population, Equines, Zoology, Biology, DNA, Mitochondrial, 03 medical and health sciences, D-loop, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, Genetics, Animals, Domestic Animals, Horses, education, 030304 developmental biology, Genetic diversity, Haplotype, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Endangered Species, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, Aquatic Environments, Genetic Variation, DNA, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Haplotypes, Amniotes, Earth Sciences, Bay
Abstract

Genetic diversity and maternal ancestry line relationships amongst a sample of 96 Cleveland Bay horses were investigated using a 479bp length of mitochondrial D-loop sequence. The analysis yielded at total of 11 haplotypes with 27 variable positions, all of which have been described in previous equine mitochondrial DNA d-loop studies. Four main haplotype clusters were present in the Cleveland Bay breed describing 89% of the total sample. This suggests that only four principal maternal ancestry lines exist in the present-day global Cleveland Bay population. Comparison of these sequences with other domestic horse haplotypes shows a close association of the Cleveland Bay horse with Northern European (Clade C), Iberian (Clade A) and North African (Clade B) horse breeds. This indicates that the Cleveland Bay horse may not have evolved exclusively from the now extinct Chapman horse, as previous work as suggested. The Cleveland Bay horse remains one of only fivedomestic horse breeds classified as Critical on the Rare Breeds Survival Trust (UK) Watchlist and our results provide important information on the origins of this breed and represent a valuable tool for conservation purposes.

Published
2020

13. Do power lines and protected areas present a catch-22 situation for Cape vultures (Gyps coprotheres)?

Author

W Louis Phipps, Kerri Wolter, Michael D Michael, Lynne M MacTavish, and Richard W Yarnell

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

Cape vulture Gyps coprotheres populations have declined across their range due to multiple anthropogenic threats. Their susceptibility to fatal collisions with the expanding power line network and the prevalence of carcasses contaminated with illegal poisons and other threats outside protected areas are thought to be the primary drivers of declines in southern Africa. We used GPS-GSM units to track the movements and delineate the home ranges of five adult (mean ±SD minimum convex polygon area = 121,655±90,845 km(2)) and four immature (mean ±SD minimum convex polygon area = 492,300±259,427 km(2)) Cape vultures to investigate the influence of power lines and their use of protected areas. The vultures travelled more than 1,000 km from the capture site and collectively entered five different countries in southern Africa. Their movement patterns and core foraging ranges were closely associated with the spatial distribution of transmission power lines and we present evidence that the construction of power lines has allowed the species to extend its range to areas previously devoid of suitable perches. The distribution of locations of known Cape vulture mortalities caused by interactions with power lines corresponded to the core ranges of the tracked vultures. Although some of the vultures regularly roosted at breeding colonies located inside protected areas the majority of foraging activity took place on unprotected farmland. Their ability to travel vast distances very quickly and the high proportion of time they spend in the vicinity of power lines and outside protected areas make Cape vultures especially vulnerable to negative interactions with the expanding power line network and the full range of threats across the region. Co-ordinated cross-border conservation strategies beyond the protected area network will therefore be necessary to ensure the future survival of threatened vultures in Africa.

Published
2013
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14. A genome-wide association search for type 2 diabetes genes in African Americans.

Author

Nicholette D Palmer, Caitrin W McDonough, Pamela J Hicks, Bong H Roh, Maria R Wing, S Sandy An, Jessica M Hester, Jessica N Cooke, Meredith A Bostrom, Megan E Rudock, Matthew E Talbert, Joshua P Lewis, DIAGRAM Consortium, MAGIC Investigators, Assiamira Ferrara, Lingyi Lu, Julie T Ziegler, Michele M Sale, Jasmin Divers, Daniel Shriner, Adebowale Adeyemo, Charles N Rotimi, Maggie C Y Ng, Carl D Langefeld, Barry I Freedman, Donald W Bowden, Benjamin F Voight, Laura J Scott, Valgerdur Steinthorsdottir, Andrew P Morris, Christian Dina, Ryan P Welch, Eleftheria Zeggini, Cornelia Huth, Yurii S Aulchenko, Gudmar Thorleifsson, Laura J McCulloch, Teresa Ferreira, Harald Grallert, Najaf Amin, Guanming Wu, Cristen J Willer, Soumya Raychaudhuri, Steve A McCarroll, Claudia Langenberg, Oliver M Hofmann, Josée Dupuis, Lu Qi, Ayellet V Segrè, Mandy van Hoek, Pau Navarro, Kristin Ardlie, Beverley Balkau, Rafn Benediktsson, Amanda J Bennett, Roza Blagieva, Eric Boerwinkle, Lori L Bonnycastle, Kristina Bengtsson Boström, Bert Bravenboer, Suzannah Bumpstead, Noël P Burtt, Guillaume Charpentier, Peter S Chines, Marilyn Cornelis, David J Couper, Gabe Crawford, Alex S F Doney, Katherine S Elliott, Amanda L Elliott, Michael R Erdos, Caroline S Fox, Christopher S Franklin, Martha Ganser, Christian Gieger, Niels Grarup, Todd Green, Simon Griffin, Christopher J Groves, Candace Guiducci, Samy Hadjadj, Neelam Hassanali, Christian Herder, Bo Isomaa, Anne U Jackson, Paul R V Johnson, Torben Jørgensen, Wen H L Kao, Norman Klopp, Augustine Kong, Peter Kraft, Johanna Kuusisto, Torsten Lauritzen, Man Li, Aloysius Lieverse, Cecilia M Lindgren, Valeriya Lyssenko, Michel Marre, Thomas Meitinger, Kristian Midthjell, Mario A Morken, Narisu Narisu, Peter Nilsson, Katharine R Owen, Felicity Payne, John R B Perry, Ann-Kristin Petersen, Carl Platou, Christine Proença, Inga Prokopenko, Wolfgang Rathmann, N William Rayner, Neil R Robertson, Ghislain Rocheleau, Michael Roden, Michael J Sampson, Richa Saxena, Beverley M Shields, Peter Shrader, Gunnar Sigurdsson, Thomas Sparsø, Klaus Strassburger, Heather M Stringham, Qi Sun, Amy J Swift, Barbara Thorand, Jean Tichet, Tiinamaija Tuomi, Rob M van Dam, Timon W van Haeften, Thijs van Herpt, Jana V van Vliet-Ostaptchouk, G Bragi Walters, Michael N Weedon, Cisca Wijmenga, Jacqueline Witteman, Richard N Bergman, Stephane Cauchi, Francis S Collins, Anna L Gloyn, Ulf Gyllensten, Torben Hansen, Winston A Hide, Graham A Hitman, Albert Hofman, David J Hunter, Kristian Hveem, Markku Laakso, Karen L Mohlke, Andrew D Morris, Colin N A Palmer, Peter P Pramstaller, Igor Rudan, Eric Sijbrands, Lincoln D Stein, Jaakko Tuomilehto, Andre Uitterlinden, Mark Walker, Nicholas J Wareham, Richard M Watanabe, Goncalo R Abecasis, Bernhard O Boehm, Harry Campbell, Mark J Daly, Andrew T Hattersley, Frank B Hu, James B Meigs, James S Pankow, Oluf Pedersen, H-Erich Wichmann, Inês Barroso, Jose C Florez, Timothy M Frayling, Leif Groop, Rob Sladek, Unnur Thorsteinsdottir, James F Wilson, Thomas Illig, Philippe Froguel, Cornelia M van Duijn, Kari Stefansson, David Altshuler, Michael Boehnke, Mark I McCarthy, Nicole Soranzo, Eleanor Wheeler, Nicole L Glazer, Nabila Bouatia-Naji, Reedik Mägi, Joshua Randall, Toby Johnson, Paul Elliott, Denis Rybin, Peter Henneman, Abbas Dehghan, Jouke Jan Hottenga, Kijoung Song, Anuj Goel, Josephine M Egan, Taina Lajunen, Alex Doney, Stavroula Kanoni, Christine Cavalcanti-Proença, Meena Kumari, Nicholas J Timpson, Carina Zabena, Erik Ingelsson, Ping An, Jeffrey O'Connell, Jian'an Luan, Amanda Elliott, Steven A McCarroll, Rosa Maria Roccasecca, François Pattou, Praveen Sethupathy, Yavuz Ariyurek, Philip Barter, John P Beilby, Yoav Ben-Shlomo, Sven Bergmann, Murielle Bochud, Amélie Bonnefond, Knut Borch-Johnsen, Yvonne Böttcher, Eric Brunner, Suzannah J Bumpstead, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Peter Chines, Robert Clarke, Lachlan J M Coin, Matthew N Cooper, Laura Crisponi, Ian N M Day, Eco J C de Geus, Jerome Delplanque, Annette C Fedson, Antje Fischer-Rosinsky, Nita G Forouhi, Rune Frants, Maria Grazia Franzosi, Pilar Galan, Mark O Goodarzi, Jürgen Graessler, Scott Grundy, Rhian Gwilliam, Göran Hallmans, Naomi Hammond, Xijing Han, Anna-Liisa Hartikainen, Caroline Hayward, Simon C Heath, Serge Hercberg, Andrew A Hicks, David R Hillman, Aroon D Hingorani, Jennie Hui, Joe Hung, Antti Jula, Marika Kaakinen, Jaakko Kaprio, Y Antero Kesaniemi, Mika Kivimaki, Beatrice Knight, Seppo Koskinen, Peter Kovacs, Kirsten Ohm Kyvik, G Mark Lathrop, Debbie A Lawlor, Olivier Le Bacquer, Cécile Lecoeur, Yun Li, Robert Mahley, Massimo Mangino, Alisa K Manning, María Teresa Martínez-Larrad, Jarred B McAteer, Ruth McPherson, Christa Meisinger, David Melzer, David Meyre, Braxton D Mitchell, Sutapa Mukherjee, Silvia Naitza, Matthew J Neville, Ben A Oostra, Marco Orrù, Ruth Pakyz, Giuseppe Paolisso, Cristian Pattaro, Daniel Pearson, John F Peden, Nancy L Pedersen, Markus Perola, Andreas F H Pfeiffer, Irene Pichler, Ozren Polasek, Danielle Posthuma, Simon C Potter, Anneli Pouta, Michael A Province, Bruce M Psaty, Nigel W Rayner, Kenneth Rice, Samuli Ripatti, Fernando Rivadeneira, Olov Rolandsson, Annelli Sandbaek, Manjinder Sandhu, Serena Sanna, Avan Aihie Sayer, Paul Scheet, Udo Seedorf, Stephen J Sharp, Beverley Shields, Eric J G Sijbrands, Angela Silveira, Laila Simpson, Andrew Singleton, Nicholas L Smith, Ulla Sovio, Amy Swift, Holly Syddall, Ann-Christine Syvänen, Toshiko Tanaka, Anke Tönjes, André G Uitterlinden, Ko Willems van Dijk, Dhiraj Varma, Sophie Visvikis-Siest, Veronique Vitart, Nicole Vogelzangs, Gérard Waeber, Peter J Wagner, Andrew Walley, Kim L Ward, Hugh Watkins, Sarah H Wild, Gonneke Willemsen, Jaqueline C M Witteman, John W G Yarnell, Diana Zelenika, Björn Zethelius, Guangju Zhai, Jing Hua Zhao, M Carola Zillikens, Ingrid B Borecki, Ruth J F Loos, Pierre Meneton, Patrik K E Magnusson, David M Nathan, Gordon H Williams, Kaisa Silander, Veikko Salomaa, George Davey Smith, Stefan R Bornstein, Peter Schwarz, Joachim Spranger, Fredrik Karpe, Alan R Shuldiner, Cyrus Cooper, George V Dedoussis, Manuel Serrano-Ríos, Lars Lind, Lyle J Palmer, Paul W Franks, Shah Ebrahim, Michael Marmot, W H Linda Kao, Peter Paul Pramstaller, Alan F Wright, Michael Stumvoll, Anders Hamsten, Thomas A Buchanan, Timo T Valle, Jerome I Rotter, David S Siscovick, Brenda W J H Penninx, Dorret I Boomsma, Panos Deloukas, Timothy D Spector, Luigi Ferrucci, Antonio Cao, Angelo Scuteri, David Schlessinger, Manuela Uda, Aimo Ruokonen, Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin, Dawn M Waterworth, Peter Vollenweider, Leena Peltonen, Vincent Mooser, and Robert Sladek

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

African Americans are disproportionately affected by type 2 diabetes (T2DM) yet few studies have examined T2DM using genome-wide association approaches in this ethnicity. The aim of this study was to identify genes associated with T2DM in the African American population. We performed a Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS) using the Affymetrix 6.0 array in 965 African-American cases with T2DM and end-stage renal disease (T2DM-ESRD) and 1029 population-based controls. The most significant SNPs (n = 550 independent loci) were genotyped in a replication cohort and 122 SNPs (n = 98 independent loci) were further tested through genotyping three additional validation cohorts followed by meta-analysis in all five cohorts totaling 3,132 cases and 3,317 controls. Twelve SNPs had evidence of association in the GWAS (P

Published
2012
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15. Observational study of agreement between attending and trainee physicians on the surprise question: “Would you be surprised if this patient died in the next 12 months?”

Author

Yarnell, Christopher J., primary, Jewell, Laura M., additional, Astell, Alex, additional, Pinto, Ruxandra, additional, Devine, Luke A., additional, Detsky, Michael E., additional, Downar, James, additional, Ilan, Roy, additional, Rawal, Shail, additional, Wong, Natalie, additional, You, John J., additional, and Fowler, Rob A., additional

Published
2021
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17. The association of C-reactive protein and CRP genotype with coronary heart disease: findings from five studies with 4,610 cases amongst 18,637 participants.

Author

Debbie A Lawlor, Roger M Harbord, Nic J Timpson, Gordon D O Lowe, Ann Rumley, Tom R Gaunt, Ian Baker, John W G Yarnell, Mika Kivimäki, Meena Kumari, Paul E Norman, Konrad Jamrozik, Graeme J Hankey, Osvaldo P Almeida, Leon Flicker, Nicole Warrington, Michael G Marmot, Yoav Ben-Shlomo, Lyle J Palmer, Ian N M Day, Shah Ebrahim, and George Davey Smith

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

It is unclear whether C-reactive protein (CRP) is causally related to coronary heart disease (CHD). Genetic variants that are known to be associated with CRP levels can be used to provide causal inference of the effect of CRP on CHD. Our objective was to examine the association between CRP genetic variant +1444C>T (rs1130864) and CHD risk in the largest study to date of this association.We estimated the association of CRP genetic variant +1444C>T (rs1130864) with CRP levels and with CHD in five studies and then pooled these analyses (N = 18,637 participants amongst whom there were 4,610 cases). CRP was associated with potential confounding factors (socioeconomic position, physical activity, smoking and body mass) whereas genotype (rs1130864) was not associated with these confounders. The pooled odds ratio of CHD per doubling of circulating CRP level after adjustment for age and sex was 1.13 (95%CI: 1.06, 1.21), and after further adjustment for confounding factors it was 1.07 (95%CI: 1.02, 1.13). Genotype (rs1130864) was associated with circulating CRP; the pooled ratio of geometric means of CRP level among individuals with the TT genotype compared to those with the CT/CC genotype was 1.21 (95%CI: 1.15, 1.28) and the pooled ratio of geometric means of CRP level per additional T allele was 1.14 (95%CI: 1.11, 1.18), with no strong evidence in either analyses of between study heterogeneity (I(2) = 0%, p>0.9 for both analyses). There was no association of genotype (rs1130864) with CHD: pooled odds ratio 1.01 (95%CI: 0.88, 1.16) comparing individuals with TT genotype to those with CT/CC genotype and 0.96 (95%CI: 0.90, 1.03) per additional T allele (I(2)0.6 for both meta-analyses). An instrumental variables analysis (in which the proportion of CRP levels explained by rs1130864 was related to CHD) suggested that circulating CRP was not associated with CHD: the odds ratio for a doubling of CRP level was 1.04 (95%CI: 0.61, 1.80).We found no association of a genetic variant, which is known to be related to CRP levels, (rs1130864) and having CHD. These findings do not support a causal association between circulating CRP and CHD risk, but very large, extended, genetic association studies would be required to rule this out.

Published
2008
Full Text
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19. Right on track? Performance of satellite telemetry in terrestrial wildlife research

Author

Hofman, MPG, Hayward, MW, Heim, M, Marchand, P, Rolandsen, CM, Mattisson, J, Urbano, F, Heurich, M, Mysterud, A, Melzheimer, J, Morellet, N, Voigt, U, Allen, BL, Gehr, B, Rouco, C, Ullmann, W, Holand, Ø, Jørgensen, NH, Steinheim, G, Cagnacci, F, Kroeschel, M, Kaczensky, P, Buuveibaatar, B, Payne, JC, Palmegiani, I, Jerina, K, Kjellander, P, Johansson, Ö, Lapoint, S, Bayrakcismith, R, Linnell, JDC, Zaccaroni, M, Jorge, MLS, Oshima, JEF, Songhurst, A, Fischer, C, Bride, RT, Thompson, JJ, Streif, S, Sandfort, R, Bonenfant, C, Drouilly, M, Klapproth, M, Zinner, D, Yarnell, R, Stronza, A, Wilmott, L, Meisingset, E, Thaker, M, Vanak, AT, Nicoloso, S, Graeber, R, Said, S, Boudreau, MR, Devlin, A, Hoogesteijn, R, May-Junior, JA, Nifong, JC, Odden, J, Quigley, HB, Tortato, F, Parker, DM, Caso, A, Perrine, J, Tellaeche, C, Zieba, F, Zwijacz-Kozica, T, Appel, CL, Axsom, I, Bean, WT, Cristescu, B, Périquet, S, Teichman, KJ, Karpanty, S, Licoppe, A, Menges, V, Black, K, Scheppers, TL, Schai-Braun, SC, Azevedo, FC, Lemos, FG, Payne, A, Swanepoel, LH, Weckworth, BV, Berger, A, Bertassoni, A, McCulloch, G, Šustr, P, Athreya, V, Bockmuhl, D, Casaer, J, Ekori, A, Melovski, D, Richard-Hansen, C, Van De Vyver, D, Reyna-Hurtado, R, Robardet, E, Selva, N, Sergiel, A, Farhadinia, MS, Sunde, P, Portas, R, Ambarli, H, Berzins, R, Kappeler, PM, Mann, GK, Pyritz, L, Bissett, C, Grant, T, Steinmetz, R, Swedell, L, Welch, RJ, Armenteras, D, Bidder, OR, González, TM, Rosenblatt, A, Kachel, S, Balkenhol, N, University of Goettingen, Bangor University, Nelson Mandela University, Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Unité Ongulés Sauvages, Université Grenoble Alpes, University of Freiburg, Bavarian Forest National Park, University of Oslo, Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, INRA, University of Veterinary Medicine, Institute for Agriculture and the Environment, University of Zurich, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Landcare Research, Universidad de Córdoba, University of Potsdam, Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF), Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Forest Research Institute of Baden-Wuerttemberg, Mongolia Program, Biotechnical Faculty, Swedish University for Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Snow Leopard Trust, Max-Planck Institute for Ornithology, Columbia University, Panthera, University of Florence, Vanderbilt University, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Ecoexist, University of Oxford, Texas A and M University, D’Ingenierie et d’Architecture de Geneve, Faro Maro Ecoresearch, Guyra Paraguay—CONACYT, Instituto Saite, Ronin Institute, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, University of Cape Town, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Brackenhurst Campus, Office of Environment and Heritage, Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, Indian Institute of Science, Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, DBT India Alliance, University of KwaZulu-Natal, D.R.E.Am. Italia, Unités Ongulés Sauvages, Trent University, SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, University of Santa Catarina, Onçafari, Environmental Laboratory, Rhodes University, University of Mpumalanga, Ministery of Environment and Natural Resources of Mexico, Alianza Nacional Para la Conservacion del Jaguar A.C., California Polytechnic State University, Universidad Nacional de Jujuy–CONICET, Tatra National Park, Humboldt State University, South Africa, Main Camp Research, University of British Columbia, Virginia Tech., Service Public de Wallonie, Research Institute for Nature and Forest, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Fazenda Limoeiro, University of Venda, Instituto de Pesquisa e Conservação de Tamanduás no Brasil, Global Change Research Institute CAS, Wildlife Conservation Society—India, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Western Switzerland, Macedonian Ecological Society, Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, Université de Guyane), El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, ANSES Nancy Laboratory for Rabies and Wildlife, Polish Academy of Sciences, Aarhus University, Duzce University, WWF Thailand, City University of New York, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, University of California, University of North Florida, University of Washington, University of Newcastle, Black Rock Forest, Sequoia Riverlands Trust, Ongava Research Centre, Scientific Services, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT), CEntre Technique des Industries Mécaniques (CETIM), CEntre Technique des Industries Mécaniques - Cetim (FRANCE), Department of Research and Documentation, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Deutscher Wetterdienst [Offenbach] (DWD), Max-Planck-Institut für Gravitationsphysik ( Albert-Einstein-Institut ) (AEI), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Department of Animal and Man Biology, Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), Université de Lyon, Office Nationale de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage, DAM Île-de-France (DAM/DIF), Direction des Applications Militaires (DAM), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Centro de Engenharia Biologica e Quimica, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade Técnica de Lisboa (IST), SOPTOM, CRCC Centre for Research and Conservation of Chelonians, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Leibniz-Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Life Cycle Strategies, Georg-August-University [Göttingen], Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, and Fish and Wildlife Conservation

Subjects
Questionnaires, SELECTION, Forests, Wildlife, Data acquisition, Temperate forests, Animal performance, Data reduction, Global positioning system, Movement ecology, Telemetry, R PACKAGE, Spacecraft, HABITAT, Animal Management, Centre for Ecological Sciences, Ecology, Eukaryota, Agriculture, Terrestrial Environments, Navigation, GPS-TELEMETRY, Multidisciplinary Sciences, Data Acquisition, Research Design, Engineering and Technology, Science & Technology - Other Topics, Medicine, Temperate Forests, Information Technology, BEHAVIOR, Research Article, Environmental Monitoring, Computer and Information Sciences, Animals, Animals, Wild, Ecosystem, Geographic Information Systems, Animal Types, Science, GPS telemetry, Research and Analysis Methods, Ecosystems, COLLAR PERFORMANCE, FIX SUCCESS, Settore BIO/07 - ECOLOGIA, LOCATION, Animal Performance, GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM, Survey Research, Science & Technology, Bio-logging, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Organisms, Biology and Life Sciences, Data Reduction, Wildlife conservation, PATTERNS, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Zoology
Abstract

Satellite telemetry is an increasingly utilized technology in wildlife research, and current devices can track individual animal movements at unprecedented spatial and temporal resolutions. However, as we enter the golden age of satellite telemetry, we need an in-depth understanding of the main technological, species-specific and environmental factors that determine the success and failure of satellite tracking devices across species and habitats. Here, we assess the relative influence of such factors on the ability of satellite telemetry units to provide the expected amount and quality of data by analyzing data from over 3,000 devices deployed on 62 terrestrial species in 167 projects worldwide. We evaluate the success rate in obtaining GPS fixes as well as in transferring these fixes to the user and we evaluate failure rates. Average fix success and data transfer rates were high and were generally better predicted by species and unit characteristics, while environmental characteristics influenced the variability of performance. However, 48% of the unit deployments ended prematurely, half of them due to technical failure. Nonetheless, this study shows that the performance of satellite telemetry applications has shown improvements over time, and based on our findings, we provide further recommendations for both users and manufacturers. Forest and Nature for Society (FONASO) Erasmus Mundus Joint Doctorate programme [2013-09] University of Goettingen Norwegian Environment Agency Research Council of Norway [212919] Norwegian Institute for Nature Research Messerli Foundation, WWF Landcare Research Ltd New Zealand TBfree New Zealand (AHB project) [R10737] Norwegian Research Counsil, Smafefondet, NMBU Research Council of Norway Federal State of Baden-Wuerttemberg (Landesjagdabgabe) Wildlife Conservation Society Swedish Environmental Protection Agency private foundation "Marie Clair Cronstedts stiftelse" NASA Arctic Boreal Vulnerability Experiment [NNX15AV92A] National Geographic Society Waitt Grant Program [W157-110] FAPESP [2013/50421-2, 2014/23132-2] CNPq [312045/2013-1, 312292/2016-3, 161089/2014-3] Silicon Valley Community Foundation The Overbrook Foundation International ReSource Award WCS Brasil Vanderbilt University PROCAD/CAPES [88881.068425/2014-01] MLSJ Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo Fapesp [2013/50421-2, 2014/23132-2] Projeto Pecarideos - WCS Brasil Howard G Buffett Foundation Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia -CONACYT Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG) [814274, 834118] Leobner Realgemeinschaft Forstbetrieb Kletschach WWF Nedbank Green Trust [GT 2251] DFG [Fi707/9-1/DFG Zi548/6-1/DAAD (D/12/41834), FI707/9-1, ZI548/6-1] DAAD [D/12/41834] Nottingham Trent University The Howard G. Buffett Foundation ISRO-IISc Space Technology Cell Wellcome Trust/DBT India Alliance and Space Technology Cell, Indian Institute of Science Lower Saxony Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection Panthera Kaplan Graduate Award Bank of America Reindeer Development Fund in Norway Rhodes University Robin Hurt Wildlife Foundation Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute Wildlife Conservation Network Humboldt State University HSU Marine and Coastal Science Initiative Humboldt State University Research, Scholarship and Creative Activities Grant Claude Leon Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship The Cape Leopard Trust Conservation South Africa South African National Parks HERD project (Hwange Environmental Research Development) - Agence Nationale de la Recherche (FEAR project) [ANR-08-BLAN-0022] Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Programme Zones Ateliers) National Geographic Society [C151-08] NSERC CGS D U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Service public de Wallonie Direction generale de l'Agriculture, des Ressources naturelles et de l'Environnement U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Parrotia-Stiftung Stiftung Dr. Joachim de Giacomi Basler Stiftung fur biologische Forschung Messerli Stiftung Carl Burger Stiftung CIC Schweiz CIC Deutschland Paul Schiller Stiftung Karl Mayer Stiftung Consorcio Capim Branco de Energia Ministere de l'Agriculture de l'Agroalimentaire et de la Foret Conseil Regional de Bourgogne Conseil General de la Cote d'Or Federation Departementale des Chasseurs de Cote d'Or Groupement de Defense Sanitaire de Cote d'Or Federation Nationale des Chasseurs Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage South African National Research Foundation [107099] Sao Paulo Research Foundation [FAPESP 2013/04957-8, FAPESP 2013/18526-9] MAVA Foundation, Switzerland The Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt DBU (German Federal Environmental Foundation) Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES) Project GLOBE - Polish-Norwegian Research Programme [POLNOR/198352/85/2013] ASer: Norway Grants under the Polish-Norwegian Research Program [POL-NOR/198352/85/2013] The People's Trust for Endangered Species (PTES) Zoologische Gesellschaft fur Arten-und Populationsschutz (ZGAP) Iranian Cheetah Society Quagga Conservation Fund IdeaWild Association Francaise des Parcs Zoologiques (AFdPZ) DEAL (Direction de l'Environnement de l'Amenagement et du Logement) de Guyane CNES (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales) The Nedbank WWF Green Trust The International Foundation for Science Cape Leopard Trust German Research Foundation [DFG: KA 1082/16-1] The Wildlife and Reserve Management Research Group (WRMRG) International Foundation for Science (IFS) Safari Club International Foundation (SCIF) The Rufford Small Grants Foundation Ernst & Ethel Eriksen Trust WWF Sweden Leakey Foundation National Geographic Society WennerGren Foundation Departamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Colciencias, Project "Efecto de la presencia de saladosnaturales en la distribucion y uso de habitat de la danta de tier-ras bajas (Tapirus terrestris) en las amazonas colombiano" [1101569-33286, 0385-2013] Alexander von Humboldt Foundation NSF Graduate Research Fellowship [DEG-125608] Sustainability East Asia LLC - SEA Amarula Trust National Geographic Earthwatch Institute World Wildlife Fund for Nature Columbus Zoo California North Coast Chapter of The Wildlife Society Sequoia Park Zoo Foundation Anses This work was supported by: Forest and Nature for Society (FONASO) Erasmus Mundus Joint Doctorate programme (CONTRACT NO. 2013-09) to MPGH, Publication costs were covered by the Open Access Publication Fund of the University of Goettingen; The Norwegian Environment Agency, the Research Council of Norway (project 212919), Norwegian Institute for Nature Research to JM; Messerli Foundation, WWF to JMel; CRou: The author was supported in the form of salary by a postdoctoral grant funded by Landcare Research Ltd New Zealand and data provided was funded by research project grant from TBfree New Zealand (AHB project number R10737). Norwegian Research Counsil, Smafefondet, NMBU to NHJ; The Research Council of Norway to GS; Federal State of Baden-Wuerttemberg (Landesjagdabgabe) to MK; Funding for the capture and collaring of khulan was received from Wildlife Conservation Society, administered through a cooperative agreement with Sustainability East Asia LLC - SEA and originating from Oy Du Tolgoi -OT gold and copper mining company to PK; Swedish fieldwork was supported by the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency and by the private foundation "Marie Clair Cronstedts stiftelse" to PKje; NASA Arctic Boreal Vulnerability Experiment (project #NNX15AV92A), National Geographic Society Waitt Grant Program (Grant #W157-110) to SL; Research Council of Norway to JDCL; FAPESP (2013/50421-2, 2014/23132-2), CNPq (312045/2013-1; 312292/2016-3; 161089/2014-3), Silicon Valley Community Foundation, The Overbrook Foundation, the International ReSource Award, WCS Brasil, and Vanderbilt University. PROCAD/CAPES (88881.068425/2014-01); MLSJ Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo Fapesp (process: 2013/50421-2 and scholarship: 2014/23132-2) and CNPQ (scholarship: 161089/2014-3), Projeto Pecarideos - WCS Brasil and Vanderbilt University for funding this research to JEFO.; Howard G Buffett Foundation, Amarula Trust to AS; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia -CONACYT with resources from the FEE to JJT; Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG) grant numbers 814274 and 834118, Leobner Realgemeinschaft and Forstbetrieb Kletschach to RS; WWF Nedbank Green Trust (grant number GT 2251) to MD; DFG Fi707/9-1/DFG Zi548/6-1/DAAD (D/12/41834) to MKla; DFG FI707/9-1, DFG ZI548/6-1, DAAD D/12/41834 to DZ; GPS tags were funded by Nottingham Trent University, National Geographic, Earthwatch Institute, World Wildlife Fund for Nature, Columbus Zoo to RY; The Howard G. Buffett Foundation to AStr; ISRO-IISc Space Technology Cell to MT; Wellcome Trust/DBT India Alliance and Space Technology Cell, Indian Institute of Science to ATV; D.R.E. Am. Italia provided support in the form of salary for author SN, but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The specific role of this author is articulated in the 'author contributions' section.; RG was supported by funds of the Lower Saxony Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection; Panthera Kaplan Graduate Award to AD; Bank of America to JAM; The Norwegian Environment Agency, the Research Council of Norway (Project 212919), the Reindeer Development Fund in Norway, and several County administrations around Norway to JO; Rhodes University to DMP; Robin Hurt Wildlife Foundation, Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute to AC; Wildlife Conservation Network, Panthera to CT; Humboldt State University, HSU Marine and Coastal Science Initiative, California North Coast Chapter of The Wildlife Society, Sequoia Park Zoo Foundation to CLA; Humboldt State University Research, Scholarship and Creative Activities Grant to IA; Humboldt State University Research, Scholarship and Creative Activities Grant to WTB; Claude Leon Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship, The Cape Leopard Trust, Conservation South Africa, South African National Parks to BC; GPS collars were funded by the HERD project (Hwange Environmental Research Development), funded by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (FEAR project ANR-08-BLAN-0022), and the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (Programme Zones Ateliers). Some collars were funded by the National Geographic Society GRANT #C151-08 to SP; NSERC CGS D to KJT; SK: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to SK; Service public de Wallonie. Direction generale de l'Agriculture, des Ressources naturelles et de l'Environnement to AL; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to KB; Parrotia-Stiftung, Stiftung Dr. Joachim de Giacomi, Basler Stiftung fur biologische Forschung, Messerli Stiftung, Carl Burger Stiftung, CIC Schweiz, CIC Deutschland, Paul Schiller Stiftung and Karl Mayer Stiftung to SCS; Consorcio Capim Branco de Energia to FCA; Consorcio Capim Branco de Energia to FGL; Ministere de l'Agriculture de l'Agroalimentaire et de la Foret, the Conseil Regional de Bourgogne, the Conseil General de la Cote d'Or, the Federation Departementale des Chasseurs de Cote d'Or, the Groupement de Defense Sanitaire de Cote d'Or, the Federation Nationale des Chasseurs and the Office National de la Chasse et de la Faune Sauvage to AP.; ; South African National Research Foundation (Grant number: 107099) to LHS; Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP 2013/04957-8 and FAPESP 2013/18526-9) to ABer; MAVA Foundation, Switzerland; The Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt DBU (German Federal Environmental Foundation) to DM; Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES) to CRic; Anses to ER; Project GLOBE (POLNOR/198352/85/2013) funded by the Polish-Norwegian Research Programme operated by the National Centre for Research and Development; ASer: Norway Grants under the Polish-Norwegian Research Program operated by the National Centre for Research and Development (GLOBE, POL-NOR/198352/85/2013) to NS; The People's Trust for Endangered Species (PTES), Zoologische Gesellschaft fur Arten-und Populationsschutz (ZGAP), Iranian Cheetah Society, Quagga Conservation Fund, IdeaWild, Panthera and Association Francaise des Parcs Zoologiques (AFdPZ) to MSF; DEAL (Direction de l'Environnement de l'Amenagement et du Logement) de Guyane, CNES (Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales) to RBer; The Nedbank WWF Green Trust, The International Foundation for Science, the Cape Leopard Trust, Rhodes University to GKM; German Research Foundation (DFG: KA 1082/16-1) to LP; The Wildlife and Reserve Management Research Group (WRMRG), International Foundation for Science (IFS), Safari Club International Foundation (SCIF), The Rufford Small Grants Foundation, Ernst & Ethel Eriksen Trust to TG; WWF Sweden to RSte; Leakey Foundation, National Geographic Society, WennerGren Foundation to LS; Departamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnologia e Innovacion Colciencias, Project "Efecto de la presencia de saladosnaturales en la distribucion y uso de habitat de la danta de tier-ras bajas (Tapirus terrestris) en las amazonas colombiano" (grantnumber 1101569-33286, contract: 0385-2013) to DA; PostDoctoral Fellowship from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation to ORB; NSF Graduate Research Fellowship DEG-125608 to SKac. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.; We thank Horst Reinecke and Christian Trothe for database management and data entry, and James Gibbons, Matthias Schmid and Benjamin Hofner for their enlightening explanations on the statistics. We thank Stan Tomkiewicz for insightful discussion on GPS collar functioning, and the Eurodeer. org network, Sarah Davidson of Movebank. org, and Stephanie O'Donnell of WILDLABS. NET for helping to spread the word about this study. We also thank Jonah Gula, Olav Strand, Ole Roer, Liu Yanlin, Bernt-Erik Saether, Anders Borstad, Laura McMahon, Thomas Morrison, Maurizio Ramanzin, Vebjorn Veiberg, Erling Johan Solberg, Leif Soennichsen, Hans Christian Pedersen, Tom McCarthy, Jacqueline L. Frair, Siobhan Dyer, Morten Odden, Lars Haugaard, and Peter G. Crawshaw, Jr. for their data contributions. The publication was supported by the Open Access Publication Fund of the University of Goettingen.

Published
2019

22. Failure of intravenous or intracardiac delivery of mesenchymal stromal cells to improve outcomes after focal traumatic brain injury in the female rat

Author

Neil E. Grunberg, Bobbi K. Lewis, Eric M. Gold, L. Christine Turtzo, Dana D. Dean, Tiziana Coppola, Matthew D. Budde, Angela M. Yarnell, Lindsay Janes, Jacob Lescher, and Joseph A. Frank

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Pathology, Stromal cell, Traumatic brain injury, medicine.medical_treatment, Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy, lcsh:Medicine, Brain damage, Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation, Regenerative medicine, Intracardiac injection, Cardiac Catheters, medicine, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Animals, Humans, Treatment Failure, Rats, Wistar, lcsh:Science, Cells, Cultured, Multidisciplinary, business.industry, Mesenchymal stem cell, lcsh:R, Brain, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Stem-cell therapy, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Rats, Disease Models, Animal, Brain Injuries, Histopathology, Administration, Intravenous, Female, lcsh:Q, medicine.symptom, business, Research Article
Abstract

Mesenchymal stromal cells secrete a variety of anti-inflammatory factors and may provide a regenerative medicine option for the treatment of traumatic brain injury. The present study investigates the efficacy of multiple intravenous or intracardiac administrations of rat mesenchymal stromal cells or human mesenchymal stromal cells in female rats after controlled cortical impact by in vivo MRI, neurobehavior, and histopathology evaluation. Neither intravenous nor intracardiac administration of mesenchymal stromal cells derived from either rats or humans improved MRI measures of lesion volume or neurobehavioral outcome compared to saline treatment. Few mesenchymal stromal cells (

Published
2015

23. Correction: Do Power Lines and Protected Areas Present a Catch-22 Situation for Cape Vultures (Gyps coprotheres)?

Author

Kerri Wolter, Michael D. Michael, Lynne MacTavish, W. Louis Phipps, and Richard W. Yarnell

Subjects
Multidisciplinary, biology, business.industry, Download, Science, Correction, biology.organism_classification, GeneralLiterature_MISCELLANEOUS, Gyps coprotheres, Fishery, Work (electrical), Cape, Medicine, business
Abstract

This article was republished on October 14, 2013 to remove tables unrelated to this work. Please download this article again to view the correct tables.

Published
2013

24. Failure of Intravenous or Intracardiac Delivery of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells to Improve Outcomes after Focal Traumatic Brain Injury in the Female Rat

Author

Turtzo, L. Christine, primary, Budde, Matthew D., additional, Dean, Dana D., additional, Gold, Eric M., additional, Lewis, Bobbi K., additional, Janes, Lindsay, additional, Lescher, Jacob, additional, Coppola, Tiziana, additional, Yarnell, Angela, additional, Grunberg, Neil E., additional, and Frank, Joseph A., additional

Published
2015
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27. Do Power Lines and Protected Areas Present a Catch-22 Situation for Cape Vultures (Gyps coprotheres)?

Author

Richard W. Yarnell, W. Louis Phipps, Lynne MacTavish, Michael D. Michael, and Kerri Wolter

Subjects
Male, Risk, Conservation of Natural Resources, Range (biology), Foraging, lcsh:Medicine, Breeding, Spatial distribution, Electric Power Supplies, Homing Behavior, biology.animal, Cape, Animals, lcsh:Science, Falconiformes, Vulture, Multidisciplinary, biology, Ecology, lcsh:R, biology.organism_classification, Gyps coprotheres, Geography, Threatened species, Geographic Information Systems, lcsh:Q, Female, Protected area, Research Article
Abstract

Cape vulture Gyps coprotheres populations have declined across their range due to multiple anthropogenic threats. Their susceptibility to fatal collisions with the expanding power line network and the prevalence of carcasses contaminated with illegal poisons and other threats outside protected areas are thought to be the primary drivers of declines in southern Africa. We used GPS-GSM units to track the movements and delineate the home ranges of five adult (mean ±SD minimum convex polygon area = 121,655±90,845 km(2)) and four immature (mean ±SD minimum convex polygon area = 492,300±259,427 km(2)) Cape vultures to investigate the influence of power lines and their use of protected areas. The vultures travelled more than 1,000 km from the capture site and collectively entered five different countries in southern Africa. Their movement patterns and core foraging ranges were closely associated with the spatial distribution of transmission power lines and we present evidence that the construction of power lines has allowed the species to extend its range to areas previously devoid of suitable perches. The distribution of locations of known Cape vulture mortalities caused by interactions with power lines corresponded to the core ranges of the tracked vultures. Although some of the vultures regularly roosted at breeding colonies located inside protected areas the majority of foraging activity took place on unprotected farmland. Their ability to travel vast distances very quickly and the high proportion of time they spend in the vicinity of power lines and outside protected areas make Cape vultures especially vulnerable to negative interactions with the expanding power line network and the full range of threats across the region. Co-ordinated cross-border conservation strategies beyond the protected area network will therefore be necessary to ensure the future survival of threatened vultures in Africa.

Published
2013

28. The Association of C-Reactive Protein and CRP Genotype with Coronary Heart Disease: Findings from Five Studies with 4,610 Cases amongst 18,637 Participants

Author

Lawlor, Debbie A., primary, Harbord, Roger M., additional, Timpson, Nic J., additional, Lowe, Gordon D. O., additional, Rumley, Ann, additional, Gaunt, Tom R., additional, Baker, Ian, additional, Yarnell, John W. G., additional, Kivimäki, Mika, additional, Kumari, Meena, additional, Norman, Paul E., additional, Jamrozik, Konrad, additional, Hankey, Graeme J., additional, Almeida, Osvaldo P., additional, Flicker, Leon, additional, Warrington, Nicole, additional, Marmot, Michael G., additional, Ben-Shlomo, Yoav, additional, Palmer, Lyle J., additional, Day, Ian N. M., additional, Ebrahim, Shah, additional, and Smith, George Davey, additional

Published
2008
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29. The Association of C-Reactive Protein and CRP Genotype with Coronary Heart Disease: Findings from Five Studies with 4,610 Cases amongst 18,637 Participants

Author

Lyle J. Palmer, Ann Rumley, Shah Ebrahim, Paul Norman, Nic Timpson, Yoav Ben-Shlomo, George Davey Smith, John Yarnell, Graeme J. Hankey, Osvaldo P. Almeida, Mika Kivimäki, I. A. Baker, Nicole M. Warrington, Michael Marmot, Tom R. Gaunt, Konrad Jamrozik, Meena Kumari, Roger M. Harbord, Gordon D.O. Lowe, Ian N. M. Day, L. Flicker, and Debbie A Lawlor

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Genotype, Confounding Factors (Epidemiology), lcsh:Medicine, Coronary Disease, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Bioinformatics, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Internal medicine, Humans, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, lcsh:Science, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Genetic association, Multidisciplinary, biology, business.industry, lcsh:R, Confounding, C-reactive protein, Genetic Variation, Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic, Genetics and Genomics, Odds ratio, Middle Aged, 16. Peace & justice, C-Reactive Protein, Meta-analysis, biology.protein, Female, lcsh:Q, Public Health and Epidemiology/Epidemiology, business, Body mass index, Research Article
Abstract

Background: It is unclear whether C-reactive protein (CRP) is causally related to coronary heart disease (CHD). Genetic variants that are known to be associated with CRP levels can be used to provide causal inference of the effect of CRP on CHD. Our objective was to examine the association between CRP genetic variant +1444C>T (rs1130864) and CHD risk in the largest study to date of this association.\ud \ud Methods and Results: We estimated the association of CRP genetic variant +1444C>T (rs1130864) with CRP levels and with CHD in five studies and then pooled these analyses (N= 18,637 participants amongst whom there were 4,610 cases). CRP was associated with potential confounding factors (socioeconomic position, physical activity, smoking and body mass) whereas genotype (rs1130864) was not associated with these confounders. The pooled odds ratio of CHD per doubling of circulating CRP level after adjustment for age and sex was 1.13 (95% CI: 1.06, 1.21), and after further adjustment for confounding factors it was 1.07 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.13). Genotype (rs1130864) was associated with circulating CRP; the pooled ratio of geometric means of CRP level among individuals with the TT genotype compared to those with the CT/CC genotype was 1.21 (95% CI: 1.15, 1.28) and the pooled ratio of geometric means of CRP level per additional T allele was 1.14 (95% CI: 1.11, 1.18), with no strong evidence in either analyses of between study heterogeneity (I-2 = 0%, p>0.9 for both analyses). There was no association of genotype (rs1130864) with CHD: pooled odds ratio 1.01 (95% CI: 0.88, 1.16) comparing individuals with TT genotype to those with CT/CC genotype and 0.96 (95% CI: 0.90, 1.03) per additional T allele (I-2

Published
2008

30. Do Power Lines and Protected Areas Present a Catch-22 Situation for Cape Vultures (Gyps coprotheres)?

Author

Phipps, W. Louis, Wolter, Kerri, Michael, Michael D., MacTavish, Lynne M., and Yarnell, Richard W.

Subjects
VULTURES, BIRD populations, ANIMAL carcasses, ELECTRIC lines, GLOBAL Positioning System, FORAGING behavior, BIRD conservation
Abstract

Cape vulture Gyps coprotheres populations have declined across their range due to multiple anthropogenic threats. Their susceptibility to fatal collisions with the expanding power line network and the prevalence of carcasses contaminated with illegal poisons and other threats outside protected areas are thought to be the primary drivers of declines in southern Africa. We used GPS-GSM units to track the movements and delineate the home ranges of five adult (mean ±SD minimum convex polygon area  =  121,655±90,845 km2) and four immature (mean ±SD minimum convex polygon area  =  492,300±259,427 km2) Cape vultures to investigate the influence of power lines and their use of protected areas. The vultures travelled more than 1,000 km from the capture site and collectively entered five different countries in southern Africa. Their movement patterns and core foraging ranges were closely associated with the spatial distribution of transmission power lines and we present evidence that the construction of power lines has allowed the species to extend its range to areas previously devoid of suitable perches. The distribution of locations of known Cape vulture mortalities caused by interactions with power lines corresponded to the core ranges of the tracked vultures. Although some of the vultures regularly roosted at breeding colonies located inside protected areas the majority of foraging activity took place on unprotected farmland. Their ability to travel vast distances very quickly and the high proportion of time they spend in the vicinity of power lines and outside protected areas make Cape vultures especially vulnerable to negative interactions with the expanding power line network and the full range of threats across the region. Co-ordinated cross-border conservation strategies beyond the protected area network will therefore be necessary to ensure the future survival of threatened vultures in Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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31. Do Power Lines and Protected Areas Present a Catch-22 Situation for Cape Vultures (Gyps coprotheres)?

Author

Phipps, W. Louis, Wolter, Kerri, Michael, Michael D., MacTavish, Lynne M., and Yarnell, Richard W.

Subjects
*VULTURES, *BIRD populations, *ANIMAL carcasses, *ELECTRIC lines, *GLOBAL Positioning System, *FORAGING behavior, *BIRD conservation
Abstract

Cape vulture Gyps coprotheres populations have declined across their range due to multiple anthropogenic threats. Their susceptibility to fatal collisions with the expanding power line network and the prevalence of carcasses contaminated with illegal poisons and other threats outside protected areas are thought to be the primary drivers of declines in southern Africa. We used GPS-GSM units to track the movements and delineate the home ranges of five adult (mean ±SD minimum convex polygon area  =  121,655±90,845 km2) and four immature (mean ±SD minimum convex polygon area  =  492,300±259,427 km2) Cape vultures to investigate the influence of power lines and their use of protected areas. The vultures travelled more than 1,000 km from the capture site and collectively entered five different countries in southern Africa. Their movement patterns and core foraging ranges were closely associated with the spatial distribution of transmission power lines and we present evidence that the construction of power lines has allowed the species to extend its range to areas previously devoid of suitable perches. The distribution of locations of known Cape vulture mortalities caused by interactions with power lines corresponded to the core ranges of the tracked vultures. Although some of the vultures regularly roosted at breeding colonies located inside protected areas the majority of foraging activity took place on unprotected farmland. Their ability to travel vast distances very quickly and the high proportion of time they spend in the vicinity of power lines and outside protected areas make Cape vultures especially vulnerable to negative interactions with the expanding power line network and the full range of threats across the region. Co-ordinated cross-border conservation strategies beyond the protected area network will therefore be necessary to ensure the future survival of threatened vultures in Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
Full Text
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