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6 results on '"Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])"'

1. In-silico pre-clinical trials are made possible by a new simple and comprehensive lumbar belt mechanical model based on the Law of Laplace including support deformation and adhesion effects

Author

Reynald Convert, Paul Calmels, Jérôme Molimard, Woo Suck Han, Rébecca Bonnaire, École des Mines de Saint-Étienne (Mines Saint-Étienne MSE), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institut Clément Ader (ICA), Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Thuasne, Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Toulouse (INSA Toulouse), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux (IMT Mines Albi), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Supérieur de l'Aéronautique et de l'Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])

Subjects
Male, Bending, Physiology, 02 engineering and technology, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Stiffness, Abdomen, Medicine and Health Sciences, Musculoskeletal System, Body mass index, Lumbar Vertebrae, Multidisciplinary, Deformation (mechanics), Physics, Classical Mechanics, [SPI.MECA.BIOM]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Mechanics [physics.med-ph]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], Structural engineering, Middle Aged, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Deformation, 3. Good health, Physiological Parameters, Physical Sciences, Lordosis, Bending moment, Medicine, Female, Anatomy, medicine.symptom, 0210 nano-technology, Geology, Research Article, Adult, Body shape, Science, Materials Science, Material Properties, 0206 medical engineering, Pain, Geometry, Curvature, Models, Biological, Signs and Symptoms, Lumbar, Diagnostic Medicine, parasitic diseases, medicine, Humans, Mechanical Properties, Lower back pain, Damage Mechanics, business.industry, Body Weight, Lumbosacral Region, technology, industry, and agriculture, Biology and Life Sciences, equipment and supplies, 020601 biomedical engineering, Trunk, Spine, business, Low Back Pain, human activities, Mathematics
Abstract

International audience; Lower back pain is a major public health problem. Despite claims that lumbar belts change spinal posture due to applied pressure on the trunk, no mechanical model has yet been published to prove this treatment. This paper describes a first model for belt design, based on the one hand on the mechanical properties of the fabrics and the belt geometry, and on the other hand on the trunk geometrical and mechanical description. The model provides the estimation of the pressure applied to the trunk, and a unique indicator of the belt mechanical efficiency is proposed: pressure is integrated into a bending moment characterizing the belt delordosing action on the spine. A first in-silico clinical study of belt efficiency for 15 patients with 2 different belts was conducted. Results are very dependent on the body shape: in the case of high BMI patients, the belt effect is significantly decreased, and can be even inverted, increasing the lordosis. The belt stiffness proportionally increases the pressure applied to the trunk, but the influence of the design itself on the bending moment is clearly outlined. Moreover, the belt/trunk interaction, modeled as sticking contact and the specific way patients lock their belts, dramatically modifies the belt action. Finally, even if further developments and tests are still necessary, the model presented in this paper seems suitable for in-silico pre-clinical trials on real body shapes at a design stage.

Published
2019

2. Muscle function in glenohumeral joint stability during lifting task

Author

Mickaël Begon, Benjamin Michaud, Paul Allard, Yoann Blache, Landry Desmoulins, Fabien Dal Maso, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Laboratoire de Simulation et de Modélisation du Mouvement, Université de Montréal (UdeM), Laboratoire de simulation et de modélisation du mouvement, Département de kinésiologie, Université de Montréal, Laboratoire Adaptation Perceptivo-Motrice et Apprentissage (LAPMA), Institut des sciences du cerveau de Toulouse. (ISCT), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-CHU Toulouse [Toulouse]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Blache, Yoann, Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse (CHU Toulouse)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3)

Subjects
Male, Muscle Physiology, Lifting, Muscle Functions, Physiology, lcsh:Medicine, 02 engineering and technology, Kinematics, Electromyography, 0302 clinical medicine, Medicine and Health Sciences, Biomechanics, lcsh:Science, Musculoskeletal System, Mathematics, Multidisciplinary, medicine.diagnostic_test, Shoulder Joint, Muscles, Biomechanical Phenomena, medicine.anatomical_structure, Bioassays and Physiological Analysis, Female, medicine.symptom, Anatomy, Muscle Electrophysiology, Muscle contraction, Research Article, Muscle Contraction, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Shoulders, 0206 medical engineering, Shear force, Joint stability, Research and Analysis Methods, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, medicine, Humans, Humerus, [PHYS.MECA.BIOM]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], Muscle, Skeletal, Skeleton, lcsh:R, Electrophysiological Techniques, [PHYS.MECA.BIOM] Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Biomechanics [physics.med-ph], Biology and Life Sciences, 030229 sport sciences, 020601 biomedical engineering, Joints (Anatomy), Rotator Cuff Muscles, Shoulder joint, lcsh:Q, Musculoskeletal Mechanics, human activities
Abstract

International audience; Ensuring glenohumeral stability during repetitive lifting tasks is a key factor to reduce the risk of shoulder injuries. Nevertheless, the literature reveals some lack concerning the assessment of the muscles that ensure glenohumeral stability during specific lifting tasks. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the stabilization function of shoulder muscles during a lifting task. Kinematics and muscle electromyograms (n = 9) were recorded from 13 healthy adults during a bi-manual lifting task performed from the hip to the shoulder level. A generic upper-limb OpenSim model was implemented to simulate gleno-humeral stability and instability by performing static optimizations with and without gleno-humeral stability constraints. This procedure enabled to compute the level of shoulder muscle activity and forces in the two conditions. Without the stability constraint, the simulated movement was unstable during 74%±16% of the time. The force of the supraspinatus was significantly increased of 107% (p

Published
2017

3. Men with Sickle Cell Anemia and Priapism Exhibit Increased Hemolytic Rate, Decreased Red Blood Cell Deformability and Increased Red Blood Cell Aggregate Strength

Author

Jacques Elion, Philippe Connes, Séverine Ferdinand, Marc Romana, Pascal Blanchet, Nathalie Lemonne, Kizzy-Clara Cita, Laurent Brureau, Vanessa Tarer, Maryse Etienne-Julan, Marie Billaud, Benoit Tressières, Observatoire Régional de la Santé de la Guadeloupe, Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe], Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux [Bordeaux] (CRCTB), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-CHU Bordeaux [Bordeaux]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Biologie Intégrée du Globule Rouge (BIGR (UMR_S_1134 / U1134)), Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine [Paris] (INTS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (CIC - Antilles Guyane), CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française]-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG), Centre de référence maladies rares pour la drépanocytose aux Antilles-Guyane, Insern, UMR 763, Hôpital Robert Debré, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Region Guadeloupe [J-2-1-J210002], Université de Bordeaux (UB), Unité Transversale de la Drépanocytose, CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Hôpital Ricou, Centre d'investigation clinique Antilles-Guyane (CIC - Antilles Guyane), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU de la Martinique [Fort de France]-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex 'The red cell: from genesis to death', PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine [Paris] (INTS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université des Antilles (UA), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Hôpital Ricou-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe], Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Transfusion Sanguine [Paris] (INTS)

Subjects
Erythrocyte Aggregation, Male, Erythrocytes, Reticulocytes, Physiology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Blood viscosity, Priapism, lcsh:Medicine, Hematocrit, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Physical Chemistry, Gastroenterology, hydroxyurea, Mathematical and Statistical Techniques, 0302 clinical medicine, Materials Physics, Animal Cells, Red Blood Cells, Medicine and Health Sciences, Bile, Medicine, Erythrocyte deformability, Prospective Studies, 10. No inequality, risk-factors, lcsh:Science, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ulcers, Principal Component Analysis, Multidisciplinary, medicine.diagnostic_test, Physics, Hemolytic Index, Hematology, Middle Aged, Blood Viscosity, Sickle cell anemia, Body Fluids, 3. Good health, Chemistry, Blood, Genetic Diseases, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, frequency, Physical Sciences, rheology, Anatomy, Cellular Types, Statistics (Mathematics), Research Article, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, complications, Anemia, alpha-thalassemia, Materials Science, prevalence, Anemia, Sickle Cell, Research and Analysis Methods, Hemolysis, 03 medical and health sciences, Signs and Symptoms, Autosomal Recessive Diseases, children, Diagnostic Medicine, Erythrocyte Deformability, Internal medicine, Humans, Statistical Methods, Clinical Genetics, [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, Sickle Cell Disease, disease, Blood Cells, business.industry, lcsh:R, Biology and Life Sciences, Bilirubin, Cell Biology, medicine.disease, Blood Counts, Hemoglobinopathies, Chemical Properties, Multivariate Analysis, Hemorheology, Immunology, viscosity, lcsh:Q, business, Mathematics, Biomarkers, 030215 immunology
Abstract

International audience; Objectives To investigate the association between priapism in men with sickle cell anemia (SCA) and hemorheological and hemolytical parameters. Materials and Methods Fifty-eight men with SCA (median age: 38 years) were included; 28 who had experienced priapism at least once during their life (priapism group) and 30 who never experienced this complication (control group). Twenty-two patients were treated with hydroxycarbamide, 11 in each group. All patients were at steady state at the time of inclusion. Hematological and biochemical parameters were obtained through routine procedures. The Laser-assisted Optical Rotational Cell Analyzer was used to measure red blood cell (RBC) deformability at 30 Pa (ektacytometry) and RBC aggregation properties (laser backscatter versus time). Blood viscosity was measured at a shear rate of 225 s(-1) using a cone/plate viscometer. A principal component analysis was performed on 4 hemolytic markers (i.e., lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), total bilirubin (BIL) levels and reticulocyte (RET) percentage) to calculate a hemolytic index. Results Compared to the control group, patients with priapism exhibited higher ASAT (p = 0.01), LDH (p = 0.03), RET (p = 0.03) levels and hemolytic indices (p = 0.02). Higher RBC aggregates strength (p = 0.01) and lower RBC deformability (p = 0.005) were observed in patients with priapism compared to controls. After removing the hydroxycarbamide-treated patients, RBC deformability (p = 0.01) and RBC aggregate strength (p = 0.03) were still different between the two groups, and patients with priapism exhibited significantly higher hemolytic indices (p = 0.01) than controls. Conclusion Our results confirm that priapism in SCA is associated with higher hemolytic rates and show for the first time that this complication is also associated with higher RBC aggregate strength and lower RBC deformability.

Published
2016

4. Neuromuscular consequences of an extreme mountain ultra-marathon

Author

Katja Tomazin, Laurent Gergelé, Régis Bonnefoy, Samuel Verges, Guillaume Y. Millet, Léonard Féasson, Vincent Martin, Renée-Claude Boisson, Christopher Vincent, Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM), Hypoxie et physiopathologies cardiovasculaire et respiratoire, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Department of Intensive Care, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne (CHU de Saint-Etienne), Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en Conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-UFR Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives - Clermont-Auvergne (UFR STAPS - UCA), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Martin, Vincent, Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM), Hypoxie : Physiopathologie Respiratoire et Cardiovasculaire (HP2), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne [CHU Saint-Etienne] (CHU ST-E)

Subjects
Male, Anatomy and Physiology, Muscle Functions, [SDV.MHEP.PHY] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Electromyography, Biochemistry, Running, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Voluntary contraction, Integrative Physiology, Musculoskeletal System, Motor Neurons, Multidisciplinary, biology, medicine.diagnostic_test, Middle Aged, Compound muscle action potential, Electrophysiology, Myoglobin, Blood Chemistry, Muscle Fatigue, Muscle, Medicine, medicine.symptom, Muscle contraction, Research Article, Muscle Contraction, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Science, Physical Exertion, Ultra marathon, 03 medical and health sciences, Muscular Diseases, Internal medicine, medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Functional electrical stimulation, Humans, Sports and Exercise Medicine, Muscle, Skeletal, Biology, 030229 sport sciences, Electric Stimulation, Surgery, Mountaineering, Endocrinology, chemistry, biology.protein, Physical Endurance, Creatine kinase, Perception, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; We investigated the physiological consequences of one of the most extreme exercises realized by humans in race conditions: a 166-km mountain ultra-marathon (MUM) with 9500 m of positive and negative elevation change. For this purpose, (i) the fatigue induced by the MUM and (ii) the recovery processes over two weeks were assessed. Evaluation of neuromuscular function (NMF) and blood markers of muscle damage and inflammation were performed before and immediately following (n = 22), and 2, 5, 9 and 16 days after the MUM (n = 11) in experienced ultra-marathon runners. Large maximal voluntary contraction decreases occurred after MUM (235% [95% CI: 228 to 242%] and 239% [95% CI: 232 to 246%] for KE and PF, respectively), with alteration of maximal voluntary activation, mainly for KE (219% [95% CI: 27 to 232%]). Significant modifications in markers of muscle damage and inflammation were observed after the MUM as suggested by the large changes in creatine kinase (from 144694 to 13,633612,626 UI L 21), myoglobin (from 32622 to 1,43261,209 mg L 21), and C-Reactive Protein (from ,2.0 to 37.7626.5 mg L 21). Moderate to large reductions in maximal compound muscle action potential amplitude, high-frequency doublet force, and low frequency fatigue (index of excitation-contraction coupling alteration) were also observed for both muscle groups. Sixteen days after MUM, NMF had returned to initial values, with most of the recovery process occurring within 9 days of the race. These findings suggest that the large alterations in NMF after an ultra-marathon race are multi-factorial, including failure of excitation-contraction coupling, which has never been described after prolonged running. It is also concluded that as early as two weeks after such an extreme running exercise, maximal force capacities have returned to baseline.

Published
2011

5. Prooxidant/Antioxidant Balance in Hypoxia: A Cross-Over Study on Normobaric vs. Hypobaric 'Live High-Train Low'

Author

Vincent Pialoux, Pauline Mury, Tadej Debevec, Grégoire P. Millet, Laurent Schmitt, Raphael Faiss, Roberto Cejuela, Sabine Ehrström, Jonas Saugy, Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Didáctica General y Didácticas Específicas, Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias de la Actividad Física y el Deporte (GICAFD), Jozef Stefan Institute [Ljubljana] (IJS), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), and Université de Lausanne (UNIL)

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Antioxidant, Hypobaric, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], medicine.medical_treatment, lcsh:Medicine, medicine.disease_cause, Superoxide dismutase, Normobaric, chemistry.chemical_compound, Internal medicine, Blood plasma, Educación Física y Deportiva, medicine, Humans, Hypoxia, lcsh:Science, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Multidisciplinary, biology, Superoxide Dismutase, Chemistry, Nitrotyrosine, lcsh:R, Live High-Train Low, Hypoxia (medical), Uric Acid, Oxidative Stress, Prooxidant/Antioxidant Balance, Endocrinology, Advanced Oxidation Protein Products, Physical Fitness, Catalase, Immunology, biology.protein, Tyrosine, Uric acid, lcsh:Q, Advanced Oxidation Protein Products/blood, Anoxia/blood, Superoxide Dismutase/blood, Tyrosine/analogs & derivatives, Tyrosine/blood, Uric Acid/blood, medicine.symptom, Oxidative stress, Research Article
Abstract

“Live High-Train Low” (LHTL) training can alter oxidative status of athletes. This study compared prooxidant/antioxidant balance responses following two LHTL protocols of the same duration and at the same living altitude of 2250 m in either normobaric (NH) or hypobaric (HH) hypoxia. Twenty-four well-trained triathletes underwent the following two 18-day LHTL protocols in a cross-over and randomized manner: Living altitude (PIO2 = 111.9 ± 0.6 vs. 111.6 ± 0.6 mmHg in NH and HH, respectively); training “natural” altitude (~1000–1100 m) and training loads were precisely matched between both LHTL protocols. Plasma levels of oxidative stress [advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and nitrotyrosine] and antioxidant markers [ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase], NO metabolism end-products (NOx) and uric acid (UA) were determined before (Pre) and after (Post) the LHTL. Cumulative hypoxic exposure was lower during the NH (229 ± 6 hrs.) compared to the HH (310 ± 4 hrs.; P

Published
2015

6. Selective Effect of Physical Fatigue on Motor Imagery Accuracy

Author

Aymeric Guillot, Franck Di Rienzo, Nady Hoyek, Christian Collet, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), and Hoyek, Nady

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Imagery, Psychotherapy, Time Factors, Consciousness, Adolescent, Visual System, Cognitive Neuroscience, [SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, Decision Making, [SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/Education, Neurophysiology, lcsh:Medicine, Poison control, Motor Activity, Affect (psychology), Motor Reactions, Behavioral Neuroscience, 03 medical and health sciences, Cognition, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Motor imagery, Surveys and Questionnaires, Peripheral Nervous System, medicine, Humans, Sports and Exercise Medicine, lcsh:Science, Biology, Fatigue, Vision, Ocular, Multidisciplinary, Muscle fatigue, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, lcsh:R, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, 030229 sport sciences, Sensory Systems, Alertness, Mental representation, Medicine, lcsh:Q, Analysis of variance, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Research Article, Neuroscience, Mental image
Abstract

International audience; While the use of motor imagery (the mental representation of an action without overt execution) during actual training sessions is usually recommended, experimental studies examining the effect of physical fatigue on subsequent motor imagery performance are sparse and yielded divergent findings. Here, we investigated whether physical fatigue occurring during an intense sport training session affected motor imagery ability. Twelve swimmers (nine males, mean age 15.5 years) conducted a 45 min physically-fatiguing protocol where they swam from 70% to 100% of their maximal aerobic speed. We tested motor imagery ability immediately before and after fatigue state. Participants randomly imagined performing a swim turn using internal and external visual imagery. Self-reports ratings, imagery times and electrodermal responses, an index of alertness from the autonomic nervous system, were the dependent variables. Self-reports ratings indicated that participants did not encounter difficulty when performing motor imagery after fatigue. However, motor imagery times were significantly shortened during posttest compared to both pretest and actual turn times, thus indicating reduced timing accuracy. Looking at the selective effect of physical fatigue on external visual imagery did not reveal any difference before and after fatigue, whereas significantly shorter imagined times and electrodermal responses (respectively 15% and 48% decrease, p,0.001) were observed during the posttest for internal visual imagery. A significant correlation (r = 0.64; p,0.05) was observed between motor imagery vividness (estimated through imagery questionnaire) and autonomic responses during motor imagery after fatigue. These data support that unlike local muscle fatigue, physical fatigue occurring during intense sport training sessions is likely to affect motor imagery accuracy. These results might be explained by the updating of the internal representation of the motor sequence, due to temporary feedback originating from actual motor practice under fatigue. These findings provide insights to the co-dependent relationship between mental and motor processes.

Published
2012

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