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Background: It is widely recognized that maternal deaths in low-resource countries are attributed to deprived access to maternal health services. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess barriers to healthcare access among reproductive age women in extremely high and very high maternal mortality countries., Methods: A community based cross sectional surveys were conducted among 181,472 reproductive age women. Stata version 17.0 was used to analyze the data. Mixed effect binary logistic regression model was analyzed. Odds ratio along with 95% CI was generated to identify factors associated with barriers to healthcare access. A p-value less than 0.05 was declared as statistical significance., Results: A total of 64.3% (95% CI: 64.06, 64.54) reproductive age women faced barriers to healthcare access. Young age, no formal education, poor wealth index, no media exposure, multiparty, no health insurance coverage, and rural residence were significantly associated with barriers to healthcare access., Conclusion: More than six in ten reproductive age women had barriers to healthcare access in extremely high and very high maternal mortality countries. Increasing extensive health education, minimizing financial hardship by expanding health insurance may minimize barriers to healthcare access with attention to rural resident reproductive age women., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (Copyright: © 2024 Negash et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)

Background: Sustainable Development Goals 2 target 2.2 aimed to end all forms of malnutrition by 2030. However, the prevalence of inadequate minimum dietary diversity (MDD) is high in Ethiopia and the evidence of trends and determinants of MDD consumption change among children over time is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to determine trends and determinants of MDD consumption change among children aged 6 to 23 months in Ethiopia from 2011-2019 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data., Method: The study used the data on nationally representative weighted samples of 6,971, 7,467, and 3,154 children aged 6-23 months from the 2011, 2016, and 2019 rounds of the DHS. Trend and Multivariate Decomposition analysis was conducted to determine MDD consumption change from 2011-2016, and 2016-2019 into two components: one that was explained by differences in the level of the determinants (endowment), and the other component was explained by differences in the effect of the covariates on the outcome (coefficient effects)., Result: The trends analysis showed that adequate MDD consumption significantly increased from 2% to 10.41% from 2011 to 2016 but decreased from 10.41% to 7.11% from 2016 to 2019 in Ethiopia. The compositional and behavioral change factors like maternal age, occupational status of parents, sex of the household head, wealth index, residence, and sex of child statistically contributed to changes in MDD consumption from 2011 to 2016, and from 2016 to 2019 at p-value <0.05., Conclusion: The trend of minimum dietary diversity consumption among children aged 6 to 23 months in Ethiopia increased from 2011-2016 and decreased from 2016-2019 in the last decade. The study revealed that the changes in behavioral response and population composition contributed to MDD consumption change among children in Ethiopia. The finding highlights the urgent need for targeted interventions and policies to address the issue of MDD consumption change among young children due to population structure changes like wealth status, residence, and behavioral response related to employment, household head, and sex of the child in Ethiopia. Therefore, efforts should be geared to reduce poverty and improve maternal employment status, particularly for women, by producing equitable economic opportunities., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2024 Endawkie et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)

Background: The poor practice of tuberculosis infection control may increase the risk of transmission of tuberculosis in healthcare settings. Thus, this study aimed to determine the pooled magnitude of good tuberculosis infection control practice and associated factors among healthcare workers in Ethiopia., Methods: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) checklist guideline was followed for this review and meta-analysis. The electronic databases (Pub Med, Cochrane Library, Google scholar and grey literatures) were searched to retrieve articles by using keywords. The Joanna Briggs Institute Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument was used to assess the quality of studies. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic. The meta-analysis with a 95% confidence interval using STATA 17 software was computed to present the pooled practice and odds ratio of the determinant factors. Publication bias was assessed visually by inspecting the funnel plot asymmetry and using statistical tests using the eggers and begs test., Results: Seven studies were included in this meta-analysis, with a total of 3256 health workers. The overall pooled magnitude of good tuberculosis infection control practice was 46.44% (95% CI: 34.21%, 58.67%). In subgroup analysis, the highest practice was in Addis Ababa 51.40% (95% CI: 47.40, 55.40%) and the lowest prevalence of tuberculosis infection control practice was in Amhara region 40.24% (95% CI: 15.46, 65.02%). Working in TB clinics (AOR; 7.42, 95% CI: 3.89, 14.13) and good TB related knowledge (AOR; 4.40, 95% CI: 1.76, 10.97) were the significant predictors of good TB infection control practice., Conclusions: Only less than half of the health care workers had good practice of TB infection control. Working in TB clinics and having good TB related knowledge were statistically significant predictors of TB infection control practice. Periodic shifting of health care workers to work in TB clinics and an emphasis on TB infection control related skill based training was recommended to increase the TB infection control practice., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright: © 2023 Tiruneh et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)