6 results on '"Shani Shenhar-Tsarfaty"'
Search Results
2. Differentiating between bacterial and viral infections by estimated CRP velocity.
- Author
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Michal Largman-Chalamish, Asaf Wasserman, Adi Silberman, Tal Levinson, Omri Ritter, Shlomo Berliner, David Zeltser, Itzhak Shapira, Ori Rogowski, and Shani Shenhar-Tsarfaty
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
PurposeDifferentiating between acute viral and bacterial infection is challenging due to the similarity in symptom presentation. Blood tests can assist in the diagnosis, but they reflect the immediate status and fail to consider the dynamics of an inflammatory response with time since symptom onset. We applied estimated C-reactive protein (CRP) velocity (eCRPv), as derived from the admission CRP level divided by time from symptom onset, in order to better distinguish between viral and bacterial infections.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included patients admitted to the emergency department with a confirmed viral (n = 83) or bacterial (n = 181) infection. eCRPv was defined as the ratio between the absolute CRP level upon admission to time from symptom onset (in hours). Absolute CRP and eCRPv values were compared between the 3 groups.ResultsBacterial patients presented with higher CRP levels (133 mg/L) upon admission compared to viral patients (23.31 mg/L) (P < 0.001). Their median value of eCRPv velocity was 4 times higher compared to the viral patients (1.1 mg/L/h compared 0.25 mg/L/h, P < 0.001). Moreover, in intermediate values of CRP (100-150 mg/L) upon admission, in which the differential diagnosis is controversial, high eCRPv is indicative of bacterial infection, eCRPv >4 mg/L/h represents only bacterial patients.ConclusionsDuring an acute febrile illness, the eCRPv value can be used for rapid differentiation between bacterial and viral infection, especially in patients with high CRP values. This capability can potentially expedite the provision of appropriate therapeutic management. Further research and validation may open new applications of the kinetics of inflammation for rapid diagnosis of an infectious vs. a viral source of fever.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. NLRP3 inflammasome activity is upregulated in an in-vitro model of COPD exacerbation.
- Author
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Noy Nachmias, Sheila Langier, Rafael Y Brzezinski, Matan Siterman, Moshe Stark, Sara Etkin, Avital Avriel, Yehuda Schwarz, Shani Shenhar-Tsarfaty, and Amir Bar-Shai
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
BACKGROUND:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an inflammatory disease characterized by a progressive and irreversible deterioration of lung function. Exacerbations of COPD have prolonged negative effects on pulmonary function and a major impact on health status and outcomes. NLRP3 inflammasome is a cardinal component of the inflammatory response, with marked evidence in stable and exacerbations of COPD. The aim of our study was to evaluate the NLRP3 inflammasome activity during COPD exacerbation by using an in vitro model. METHODS:A549 cells were stimulated with different concentrations (10%, 4%, 2%) of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) with or without LPS (0.1μg/ml) for 24 hours. Cell viability was assessed by using XTT test. Levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-8, MCP-1, and IL-1β) were measured by ELISA and the activity level of NLRP-3 was evaluated by flow cytometry. RESULTS:Cells exposed to CSE present an increase in inflammatory cytokines (IL-8 and MCP-1) production in a dose-dependent manner. Incubation with LPS to these cells results in higher levels of IL-8 and MCP-1 compared to stimulation of CSE alone. NLRP3 inflammasome activity and IL-1β levels were significantly increased in cells exposed to both CSE and LPS compared to CSE alone. CONCLUSIONS:NLRP3 inflammasome is upregulated in an in-vitro model of COPD and COPD exacerbation. Our findings provide novel biomarkers for COPD exacerbation and may present new targets for future research.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Cognitive state following stroke: the predominant role of preexisting white matter lesions.
- Author
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Efrat Kliper, Einor Ben Assayag, Ricardo Tarrasch, Moran Artzi, Amos D Korczyn, Shani Shenhar-Tsarfaty, Orna Aizenstein, Hen Hallevi, Anat Mike, Ludmila Shopin, Natan M Bornstein, and Dafna Ben Bashat
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Background and purposeStroke is a major cause of cognitive impairment and dementia in adults, however the role of the ischemic lesions themselves, on top of other risk factors known in the elderly, remains controversial. This study used structural equation modeling to determine the respective impact of the new ischemic lesions' volume, preexisting white matter lesions and white matter integrity on post stroke cognitive state.MethodsConsecutive first ever mild to moderate stroke or transient ischemic attack patients recruited into the ongoing prospective TABASCO study underwent magnetic resonance imaging scans within seven days of stroke onset and were cognitively assessed one year after the event using a computerized neuropsychological battery. The volumes of both ischemic lesions and preexisting white matter lesions and the integrity of the normal appearing white matter tissue were measured and their contribution to cognitive state was assessed using structural equation modeling path analysis taking into account demographic parameters. Two models were hypothesized, differing by the role of ischemic lesions' volume.ResultsStructural equation modeling analysis of 142 patients confirmed the predominant role of white matter lesion volume (standardized path coefficient β = -0.231) and normal appearing white matter integrity (β = -0.176) on the global cognitive score, while ischemic lesions' volume showed no such effect (β = 0.038). The model excluding the ischemic lesion presented better fit to the data (comparative fit index 0.9 versus 0.092).ConclusionsMild to moderate stroke patients with preexisting white matter lesions are more vulnerable to cognitive impairment regardless of their new ischemic lesions. Thus, these patients can serve as a target group for studies on cognitive rehabilitation and neuro-protective therapies which may, in turn, slow their cognitive deterioration.
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- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. NLRP3 inflammasome activity is upregulated in an in-vitro model of COPD exacerbation
- Author
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Yehuda Schwarz, Sheila Langier, Moshe Stark, Amir Bar-Shai, Rafael Y. Brzezinski, Matan Siterman, Noy Nachmias, Avital Avriel, Sara Etkin, and Shani Shenhar-Tsarfaty
- Subjects
Lipopolysaccharides ,Pulmonology ,Inflammasomes ,Physiology ,Interleukin-1beta ,Social Sciences ,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine ,Biochemistry ,Pulmonary function testing ,Habits ,Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ,Immune Physiology ,Smoke ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Smoking Habits ,Psychology ,Public and Occupational Health ,Immune Response ,Chemokine CCL2 ,COPD ,Innate Immune System ,Multidisciplinary ,Immune System Proteins ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Inflammasome ,Up-Regulation ,Medicine ,Cytokines ,medicine.symptom ,medicine.drug ,Research Article ,Substance-Related Disorders ,Cell Survival ,Science ,Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ,Inflammatory Diseases ,Immunology ,Inflammation ,Models, Biological ,Proinflammatory cytokine ,Flow cytometry ,Signs and Symptoms ,Diagnostic Medicine ,Mental Health and Psychiatry ,NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein ,medicine ,Humans ,Viability assay ,A549 cell ,Behavior ,business.industry ,Interleukin-8 ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Proteins ,Smoking Related Disorders ,Molecular Development ,medicine.disease ,A549 Cells ,Immune System ,business ,Biomarkers ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an inflammatory disease characterized by a progressive and irreversible deterioration of lung function. Exacerbations of COPD have prolonged negative effects on pulmonary function and a major impact on health status and outcomes. NLRP3 inflammasome is a cardinal component of the inflammatory response, with marked evidence in stable and exacerbations of COPD. The aim of our study was to evaluate the NLRP3 inflammasome activity during COPD exacerbation by using an in vitro model. Methods A549 cells were stimulated with different concentrations (10%, 4%, 2%) of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) with or without LPS (0.1μg/ml) for 24 hours. Cell viability was assessed by using XTT test. Levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-8, MCP-1, and IL-1β) were measured by ELISA and the activity level of NLRP-3 was evaluated by flow cytometry. Results Cells exposed to CSE present an increase in inflammatory cytokines (IL-8 and MCP-1) production in a dose-dependent manner. Incubation with LPS to these cells results in higher levels of IL-8 and MCP-1 compared to stimulation of CSE alone. NLRP3 inflammasome activity and IL-1β levels were significantly increased in cells exposed to both CSE and LPS compared to CSE alone. Conclusions NLRP3 inflammasome is upregulated in an in-vitro model of COPD and COPD exacerbation. Our findings provide novel biomarkers for COPD exacerbation and may present new targets for future research.
- Published
- 2019
6. Cognitive State following Stroke: The Predominant Role of Preexisting White Matter Lesions
- Author
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Amos D. Korczyn, Hen Hallevi, Ricardo Tarrasch, Anat Mike, Ludmila Shopin, Natan M. Bornstein, Shani Shenhar-Tsarfaty, Orna Aizenstein, Dafna Ben Bashat, Einor Ben Assayag, Efrat Kliper, and Moran Artzi
- Subjects
Male ,Pathology ,Neuropsychological Tests ,Nerve Fibers, Myelinated ,Vascular Medicine ,Cognition ,Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Prospective Studies ,Stroke ,Brain Mapping ,Multidisciplinary ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Cognitive Neurology ,Simulation and Modeling ,Brain ,Middle Aged ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,White Matter ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Neurology ,Research Design ,Cardiology ,Medicine ,Female ,Research Article ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Clinical Research Design ,Science ,Cognitive Neuroscience ,Cerebrovascular Diseases ,Neuroimaging ,Vascular Dementia ,Cognitive neuroscience ,Research and Analysis Methods ,White matter ,Internal medicine ,Mental Health and Psychiatry ,medicine ,Humans ,Transient Ischemic Attacks ,Dementia ,Aged ,Ischemic Stroke ,Computational Neuroscience ,business.industry ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Computational Biology ,Magnetic resonance imaging ,medicine.disease ,Hyperintensity ,Cognition Disorders ,business ,Neuroscience ,Diffusion MRI - Abstract
Background and purposeStroke is a major cause of cognitive impairment and dementia in adults, however the role of the ischemic lesions themselves, on top of other risk factors known in the elderly, remains controversial. This study used structural equation modeling to determine the respective impact of the new ischemic lesions' volume, preexisting white matter lesions and white matter integrity on post stroke cognitive state.MethodsConsecutive first ever mild to moderate stroke or transient ischemic attack patients recruited into the ongoing prospective TABASCO study underwent magnetic resonance imaging scans within seven days of stroke onset and were cognitively assessed one year after the event using a computerized neuropsychological battery. The volumes of both ischemic lesions and preexisting white matter lesions and the integrity of the normal appearing white matter tissue were measured and their contribution to cognitive state was assessed using structural equation modeling path analysis taking into account demographic parameters. Two models were hypothesized, differing by the role of ischemic lesions' volume.ResultsStructural equation modeling analysis of 142 patients confirmed the predominant role of white matter lesion volume (standardized path coefficient β = -0.231) and normal appearing white matter integrity (β = -0.176) on the global cognitive score, while ischemic lesions' volume showed no such effect (β = 0.038). The model excluding the ischemic lesion presented better fit to the data (comparative fit index 0.9 versus 0.092).ConclusionsMild to moderate stroke patients with preexisting white matter lesions are more vulnerable to cognitive impairment regardless of their new ischemic lesions. Thus, these patients can serve as a target group for studies on cognitive rehabilitation and neuro-protective therapies which may, in turn, slow their cognitive deterioration.
- Published
- 2014
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