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6 results on '"Kabel, Mirjam A"'

3. Compost Grown Agaricus bisporus Lacks the Ability to Degrade and Consume Highly Substituted Xylan Fragments

Author

Jurak, Edita, Patyshakuliyeva, Aleksandrina, De Vries, Ronald P., Gruppen, Harry, Kabel, Mirjam A., Sub Molecular Plant Physiology, Sub Molecular Microbiology, Molecular Plant Physiology, Sub Molecular Plant Physiology, Sub Molecular Microbiology, and Molecular Plant Physiology

Subjects
Agaricus, enzyme-activities, lcsh:Medicine, Xylose, Biochemistry, Mannans, Soil, chemistry.chemical_compound, aspergillus-awamori, Cellulases, Food science, lcsh:Science, Mycelium, Medicine(all), 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Mushroom, Multidisciplinary, Food Chemistry, Agricultural and Biological Sciences(all), biology, wheat-flour arabinoxylan, Compost, mode, Xylosidases, Carbohydrate Metabolism, Xylans, Research Article, purification, Cellulase, engineering.material, complex mixtures, 03 medical and health sciences, oligosaccharides, Levensmiddelenchemie, Cellulose, VLAG, 030304 developmental biology, Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all), 030306 microbiology, fungi, lcsh:R, button mushroom, biology.organism_classification, Xylan, chemistry, h-1-nmr spectroscopy, biology.protein, engineering, lcsh:Q, Agaricus bisporus, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all)
Abstract

The fungus Agaricus bisporus is commercially grown for the production of edible mushrooms. This cultivation occurs on compost, but not all of this substrate is consumed by the fungus. To determine why certain fractions remain unused, carbohydrate degrading enzymes, water-extracted from mushroom-grown compost at different stages of mycelium growth and fruiting body formation, were analyzed for their ability to degrade a range of polysaccharides. Mainly endo-xylanase, endo-glucanase, ß-xylosidase and ß-glucanase activities were determined in the compost extracts obtained during mushroom growth. Interestingly, arabinofuranosidase activity able to remove arabinosyl residues from doubly substituted xylose residues and a-glucuronidase activity were not detected in the compost enzyme extracts. This correlates with the observed accumulation of arabinosyl and glucuronic acid substituents on the xylan backbone in the compost towards the end of the cultivation. Hence, it was concluded that compost grown A. bisporus lacks the ability to degrade and consume highly substituted xylan fragments.

Published
2015

5. Production of α-1,3--arabinofuranosidase active on substituted xylan does not improve compost degradation by Agaricus bisporus.

Author

Vos, Aurin M., Jurak, Edita, de Gijsel, Peter, Ohm, Robin A., Henrissat, Bernard, Lugones, Luis G., Kabel, Mirjam A., and Wösten, Han A. B.

Subjects
ARABINOFURANOSIDASES, XYLANS, CULTIVATED mushroom, ORGANIC chemistry, POLYSACCHARIDES
Abstract

Agaricus bisporus consumes carbohydrates contained in wheat straw based compost used for commercial mushroom production. Double substituted arabinoxylan is part of the ~40% of the compost polysaccharides that are not degraded by A. bisporus during its growth and development. Genes encoding α-1,3--arabinofuranosidase (AXHd3) enzymes that act on xylosyl residues doubly substituted with arabinosyl residues are absent in this mushroom forming fungus. Here, the AXHd3 encoding hgh43 gene of Humicola insolens was expressed in A. bisporus with the aim to improve its substrate utilization and mushroom yield. Transformants secreted active AXHd3 in compost as shown by the degradation of double substituted arabinoxylan oligomers in an in vitro assay. However, carbohydrate composition and degree of arabinosyl substitution of arabinoxylans were not affected in compost possibly due to inaccessibility of the doubly substituted xylosyl residues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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