19 results on '"Hiroyuki, Abe"'
Search Results
2. N-terminal peptide fragment constitutes core of amyloid deposition of serum amyloid A: An imaging mass spectrometry study
- Author
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Yukako Shintani-Domoto, Yuki Sugiura, Makiko Ogawa, Eiji Sugiyama, Hiroyuki Abe, Takashi Sakatani, Ryuji Ohashi, Tetsuo Ushiku, and Masashi Fukayama
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Serum amyloid A (SAA) is an acute phase protein, which undergoes structural changes and deposits in the extracellular matrix, causing organ damage. Systemic AA amyloidosis is a relatively common amyloid subtype among the more than 30 amyloid subtypes, but the mechanism of amyloid fibril formation remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the tissue distribution of SAA derived peptides in formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) specimens of human myocardium with amyloidosis using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI-IMS). In the whole SAA protein, four trypsin-digested peptides in the range of SAA2-67 were visualized and the N-terminal peptide; SAA2-15, was selectively localized in the Congo red-positive region. The C-terminal peptides; SAA47-62, SAA48-62, and SAA63-67 were detected not only in the Congo red-positive region but also in the surrounding negative region. Our results demonstrate that the N-terminal SAA2-15 plays a critical role in the formation of AA amyloid fibril, as previously reported. Roles of the C-terminal peptides require further investigation.
- Published
- 2022
3. Hydrogen-producing small intestinal bacterial overgrowth is associated with hepatic encephalopathy and liver function.
- Author
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Kunihiko Yokoyama, Akira Sakamaki, Kazuya Takahashi, Takumi Naruse, Chihiro Sato, Yuzo Kawata, Kentaro Tominaga, Hiroyuki Abe, Hiroki Sato, Atsunori Tsuchiya, Kenya Kamimura, Masaaki Takamura, Junji Yokoyama, and Shuji Terai
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Overt hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is one of the complications of liver cirrhosis (LC), which negatively affects the prognosis and quality of life of patients. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is significantly associated with LC and its complications, including HE. We investigated the relationship between SIBO and LC, and the difference between hydrogen-producing and methane-producing SIBO (H-SIBO and M-SIBO, respectively). This is a prospective cohort study of 107 cases. Breath measurements of hydrogen and methane concentrations were performed for the diagnosis of SIBO. The study cohort included 81 males with a median age of 70 (40-86) years, and SIBO was detected in 31 cases (29.0%). There were no significant differences between the SIBO positive and SIBO negative groups. Reclassification into H-SIBO (16 cases) and others (91 cases) was performed, and the Child-Pugh score was only derived in the multivariate logistic analysis (P = 0.028, odds ratio 1.39, 95% confidence interval 1.04-1.85). Furthermore, H-SIBO was significantly associated with covert HE in chi-square test (50.0% vs. 24.2%, P = 0.034). In addition, we evaluated the therapeutic response on SIBO of rifaximin in eight covert HE patients. 20% patients with M-SIBO and 67% patients with H-SIBO showed an improvement of the breath test. In conclusion, H-SIBO, but not M-SIBO, is significantly associated with liver function, and rifaximin might be more effective for covert HE with H-SIBO. Therefore, the diagnosis of SIBO, including the classification as H-SIBO and M-SIBO, might help to determine the choice of treatment for HE.
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- 2022
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4. Longitudinal increase in albumin-bilirubin score is associated with non-malignancy-related mortality and quality of life in patients with liver cirrhosis.
- Author
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Akira Sakamaki, Masaaki Takamura, Norihiro Sakai, Yusuke Watanabe, Yoshihisa Arao, Naruhiro Kimura, Toru Setsu, Hiroyuki Abe, Takeshi Yokoo, Hiroteru Kamimura, Shunsuke Tsubata, Nobuo Waguri, Toru Ishikawa, Hirokazu Kawai, Soichi Sugitani, Tomomi Sato, Kazuhiro Funakoshi, Masashi Watanabe, Kentarou Igarashi, Kenya Kamimura, Atsunori Tsuchiya, Yutaka Aoyagi, and Shuji Terai
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Due to the developments in the treatment for hepatitis, it is possible to prevent the progression of liver fibrosis and improve patients' prognosis even if it has already led to liver cirrhosis (LC). Consequently, a two-step study was conducted. To begin with, a retrospective study was conducted to identify the potential predictors of non-malignancy-related mortality from LC. Then, we prospectively analyzed the validity of these parameters as well as their association with patients' quality of life. In the retrospective study, 89 cases were included, and the multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that age (P = 0.012), model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score (P = 0.012), and annual rate of change of the albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score (P < 0.001) were significantly associated with LC prognosis. In the prospective study, 70 patients were included, and the patients were divided into cirrhosis progression and non-progression groups. The univariate logistic regression analysis indicated the serum procollagen type III N-terminal peptide level (P = 0.040) and MELD score (P = 0.010) were significantly associated with the annual rate of change of the ALBI score. Furthermore, the mean Chronic Liver Disease Questionnaire score worsened from 5.3 to 4.9 in the cirrhosis progression group (P = 0.034). In conclusion, a longitudinal increase in the ALBI score is closely associated with non-malignancy-related mortality and quality of life.
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- 2022
- Full Text
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5. Virus-host interactions in carcinogenesis of Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinoma: Potential roles of lost ARID1A expression in its early stage.
- Author
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Hiroyuki Abe, Akiko Kunita, Yuya Otake, Teru Kanda, Atsushi Kaneda, Tetsuo Ushiku, and Masashi Fukayama
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC) is a distinct molecular subtype of gastric cancer characterized by viral infection and cellular abnormalities, including loss of AT-rich interaction domain 1A (ARID1A) expression (lost ARID1A). To evaluate the significance of lost ARID1A in the development of EBVaGC, we performed in situ hybridization of EBV-encoded RNA (EBER) and immunohistochemistry of ARID1A in the non-neoplastic gastric mucosa and intramucosal cancer tissue of EBVaGC with in vitro infection analysis of ARID1A-knockdown and -knockout gastric cells. Screening of EBER by in situ hybridization revealed a frequency of approximately 0.2% EBER-positive epithelial cells in non-neoplastic gastric mucosa tissue samples. Six small foci of EBV-infected epithelial cells showed two types of histology: degenerated (n = 3) and metaplastic (n = 3) epithelial cells. ARID1A was lost in the former type. In intramucosal EBVaGC, there were ARID1A-lost (n = 5) and -preserved tumors (n = 7), suggesting that ARID1A-lost carcinomas are derived from ARID1A-lost precursor cells in the non-neoplastic mucosa. Lost ARID1A was also observed in non-neoplastic mucosa adjacent to an ARID1A-lost EBVaGC. In vitro experiments using siRNA knockdown and the CRISPR/Cas9-knockout system demonstrated that transient reduction or permanent loss of ARID1A expression markedly increased the efficiency of EBV infection to stomach epithelial cells. Taken together, lost ARID1A plays a role in initiating EBV-driven carcinogenesis in stomach epithelial cells, which develop to a distinct subtype of EBVaGC within the proper mucosal layer. Lost ARID1A is one of the constituents of virus-host interactions in the carcinogenesis of EBVaGC.
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- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Obesity and accumulation of subcutaneous adipose tissue are poor prognostic factors in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis.
- Author
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Akira Sakamaki, Kunihiko Yokoyama, Kyutaro Koyama, Shinichi Morita, Hiroyuki Abe, Kenya Kamimura, Masaaki Takamura, and Shuji Terai
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
In alcoholic liver cirrhosis (LC) patients, obesity has become a problem that progresses into liver dysfunction. Herein, we investigated the relationship between the prognosis of steatohepatitis and body weight, along with fat accumulation in patients with alcoholic LC. We conducted a single-center retrospective study, enrolled 104 alcoholic LC patients without hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on histological and clinical evidence, and investigated factors related to poor prognosis using multivariate Cox regression and cluster analyses. Cox regression analysis revealed three independent relevant factors: subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) index (median 34.8 cm2/m2, P = 0.009, hazard ratio [HR] 1.017, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.004-1.030), total bilirubin level (median 1.7 mg/dL, P = 0.003, HR 1.129, 95% CI 1.042-1.223), and prothrombin time value (median 64%, P = 0.007, HR 0.967, 95% CI 0.943-0.991). In the cluster analysis, we categorized the patients into three groups: no adipose tissue accumulation (NAT group), SAT prior accumulation (SAT group), and visceral adipose tissue prior accumulation (VAT group). The results of the three groups revealed that the SAT group displayed a significantly poor prognosis of the Kaplan-Meier curve (67.1 vs 21.2 vs 65.3, P
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- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Analysis of predictive factors for R0 resection and immediate bleeding of cold snare polypectomy in colonoscopy.
- Author
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Tomonori Aoki, Shuntaro Yoshida, Hiroyuki Abe, Satoshi Ono, Ayako Nakada, Yumiko Ota, Akiko Narita, Takeshi Yoshikawa, Hiroto Kinoshita, Yosuke Tsuji, Atsuo Yamada, Mitsuhiro Fujishiro, Yoshihiro Hirata, Masashi Fukayama, and Kazuhiko Koike
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
BACKGROUND:Factors associated with efficacy and safety of cold snare polypectomy (CSP) are not well established. The aim is to elucidate the predictors of R0 resection and immediate bleeding of CSP. METHODS:We retrospectively reviewed a database of patients who underwent CSP for subcentimetric polyps at the University of Tokyo Hospital in Japan. Using the data regarding the characteristics of patients and polyps, such as location, size, and macroscopic appearance; use of narrow band imaging with magnification (NBI-M); and endoscopists' experience, we revealed the predictive factors associated with R0 resection and immediate post-CSP bleeding by univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS:In total, 399 polyps, in 200 patients without antithrombotics, were removed. Failure of tissue retrieval was noted in 4% of resected lesions. There was no intramucosal carcinoma observed. The overall rate of R0 resection was 46%. Multivariate analysis elucidated that the observation of the polyp with NBI-M was an independent predictor associated with R0 resection (odds ratio [OR] 1.90; p = 0.024). Although immediate post-CSP bleeding occurred in 19 polyps (4.8%), no delayed bleeding or perforation was observed. Multivariate analysis revealed protruded lesion as an independent risk factor for immediate bleeding (OR 3.54; p = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS:A higher rate of R0 resection with CSP can be achieved by performing colonoscopy with NBI-M, than with white-light imaging. Macroscopic protruding appearance of a polyp is a risk factor for immediate bleeding.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Viral loads correlate with upregulation of PD-L1 and worse patient prognosis in Epstein-Barr Virus-associated gastric carcinoma.
- Author
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Atsuhito Nakayama, Hiroyuki Abe, Akiko Kunita, Ruri Saito, Teru Kanda, Hiroharu Yamashita, Yasuyuki Seto, Shumpei Ishikawa, and Masashi Fukayama
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC), one of four major gastric cancer types, consists of clonal growth of EBV-infected epithelial cells. However, the significance of viral loads in each tumor cell has not been evaluated. EBV-DNA is stably maintained in episomal form in the nucleus of each cancer cell. To estimate EBV copy number per genome (EBV-CN), qPCR of viral EBNA1 and host GAPDH, standardized by Namalwa DNA (one copy/genome), was applied to the formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) surgically resected EBVaGC specimens (n = 43) and EBVaGC cell lines (SNU-719 and NCC-24). In surgical specimens, the cancer cell ratio (CCR) was determined with image analysis, and EBV-CN was obtained by adjusting qPCR value with CCR. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) was also applied to the FFPE sections using the whole EBV-genome as a probe. In surgical specimens, EBV-CN obtained by qPCR/CCR was between 1.2 and 185 copies with a median of 9.9. EBV-CN of SNU-719 and NCC-24 was 42.0 and 1.1, respectively. A linear correlation was observed with qPCR/CCR data up to 20 copies/genome (40 signals/nucleus), the limit of FISH analysis. In addition, substantial variation in the number of EBV foci was observed. Based on qPCR/CCR, high EBV-CN (>10 copies) correlated with PD-L1 expression in cancer cells (P = 0.015), but not with other pathological indicators. Furthermore, EBVaGC with high EBV-CN showed worse disease-specific survival (P = 0.041). Our findings suggest that cancer cell viral loads may contribute to expression of the immune checkpoint molecule and promotion of cancer progression in EBVaGC.
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- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Polymorphisms influencing expression of dermonecrotic toxin in Bordetella bronchiseptica.
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Keisuke Okada, Hiroyuki Abe, Fumio Ike, Yoshitoshi Ogura, Tetsuya Hayashi, Aya Fukui-Miyazaki, Keiji Nakamura, Naoaki Shinzawa, and Yasuhiko Horiguchi
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Bordetella bronchiseptica is a pathogenic bacterium causing respiratory infections in a broad range of mammals. Recently, we determined the whole genome sequence of B. bronchiseptica S798 strain isolated from a pig infected with atrophic rhinitis and found four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at positions -129, -72, +22, and +38 in the region upstream of dnt encoding dermonecrotic toxin (DNT), when compared with a rabbit isolate, RB50. DNT is known to be involved in turbinate atrophy observed in atrophic rhinitis. Immunoblotting, quantitative real-time PCR, and β-galactosidase reporter assay revealed that these SNPs resulted in the increased promoter activity of dnt and conferred the increased ability to produce DNT on the bacteria. Similar or identical SNPs were also found in other pig isolates kept in our laboratory, all of which produce a larger amount of DNT than RB50. Our analysis revealed that substitution of at least two of the four bases, at positions -72 and +22, influenced the promoter activity for dnt. These results imply that these SNPs are involved in the pathogenicity of bordetellae specific to pig diseases.
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- 2015
- Full Text
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10. Brain Swelling and Loss of Gray and White Matter Differentiation in Human Postmortem Cases by Computed Tomography.
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Go Shirota, Wataru Gonoi, Masanori Ishida, Hidemi Okuma, Yukako Shintani, Hiroyuki Abe, Yutaka Takazawa, Masako Ikemura, Masashi Fukayama, and Kuni Ohtomo
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the brain by postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) versus antemortem computed tomography (AMCT) using brains from the same patients. We studied 36 nontraumatic subjects who underwent AMCT, PMCT, and pathological autopsy in our hospital between April 2009 and December 2013. PMCT was performed within 20 h after death, followed by pathological autopsy including the brain. Autopsy confirmed the absence of intracranial disorders that might be related to the cause of death or might affect measurements in our study. Width of the third ventricle, width of the central sulcus, and attenuation in gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) from the same area of the basal ganglia, centrum semiovale, and high convexity were statistically compared between AMCT and PMCT. Both the width of the third ventricle and the central sulcus were significantly shorter in PMCT than in AMCT (P < 0.0001). GM attenuation increased after death at the level of the centrum semiovale and high convexity, but the differences were not statistically significant considering the differences in attenuation among the different computed tomography scanners. WM attenuation significantly increased after death at all levels (P
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- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Comparison of attenuation of striated muscle between postmortem and antemortem computed tomography: results of a longitudinal study.
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Hidemi Okuma, Wataru Gonoi, Masanori Ishida, Go Shirota, Yukako Shintani, Hiroyuki Abe, Masashi Fukayama, and Kuni Ohtomo
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
ObjectiveWe evaluated the postmortem changes of striated muscle by comparing computed tomography (CT) images obtained postmortem and antemortem in the same patients.Materials and methodsWe studied 33 consecutive patients who underwent antemortem CT, postmortem CT, and pathological autopsy in our tertiary care hospital between April 2009 and December 2010. Postmortem CT was performed within 20 h after death and was followed by pathological autopsy. Pathological autopsy confirmed the absence of muscular diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, muscular dystrophy, myositis, and myasthenia, in all of the patients. The CT attenuation values of four cardiac muscle sites (anterior wall of the left ventricle, left ventricular free wall, posterior wall of the left ventricle, and the ventricular septum) and two skeletal muscle sites (the pectoralis major muscle and the erector spinae muscle) were compared between antemortem and postmortem CT using paired t test.ResultsStriated muscle had significantly greater attenuation on postmortem CT than on antemortem CT (PConclusionThis is the first longitudinal study to show hyperattenuation of striated muscle on postmortem CT images compared with antemortem CT images in the same patients.
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- 2014
- Full Text
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12. Safety assessment of liver-targeted hydrodynamic gene delivery in dogs.
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Kenya Kamimura, Tsutomu Kanefuji, Takeshi Yokoo, Hiroyuki Abe, Takeshi Suda, Yuji Kobayashi, Guisheng Zhang, Yutaka Aoyagi, and Dexi Liu
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Evidence in support of safety of a gene delivery procedure is essential toward gene therapy. Previous studies using the hydrodynamics-based procedure primarily focus on gene delivery efficiency or gene function analysis in mice. The current study focuses on an assessment of the safety of computer-controlled and liver-targeted hydrodynamic gene delivery in dogs as the first step toward hydrodynamic gene therapy in clinic. We demonstrate that the impacts of the hydrodynamic procedure were limited in the injected region and the influences were transient. Histological examination and the hepatic microcirculation measurement using reflectance spectrophotometry reveal that the liver-specific impact of the procedure involves a transient expansion of the liver sinusoids. No systemic damage or toxicity was observed. Physiological parameters, including electrocardiogram, heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and body temperature, remained in normal ranges during and after hydrodynamic injection. Body weight was also examined to assess the long-term effects of the procedure in animals who underwent 3 hydrodynamic injections in 6 weeks with 2-week time interval in between. Serum biochemistry analysis showed a transient increase in liver enzymes and a few cytokines upon injection. These results demonstrate that image-guided, liver-specific hydrodynamic gene delivery is safe.
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- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Obesity and accumulation of subcutaneous adipose tissue are poor prognostic factors in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis
- Author
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Hiroyuki Abe, Kyutaro Koyama, Masaaki Takamura, Kenya Kamimura, Akira Sakamaki, Shuji Terai, Shinichi Morita, and Kunihiko Yokoyama
- Subjects
Male ,Cirrhosis ,Physiology ,Adipose tissue ,Social Sciences ,Gastroenterology ,Vascular Medicine ,Body Mass Index ,0302 clinical medicine ,Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic ,Risk Factors ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Psychology ,Bile ,Multidisciplinary ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Liver Diseases ,Hazard ratio ,Middle Aged ,Prognosis ,Addicts ,Body Fluids ,Adipose Tissue ,Oncology ,Physiological Parameters ,Connective Tissue ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Hepatocellular carcinoma ,Medicine ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Female ,Anatomy ,Research Article ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Science ,Subcutaneous Fat ,Addiction ,Hemorrhage ,Gastroenterology and Hepatology ,Intra-Abdominal Fat ,03 medical and health sciences ,Signs and Symptoms ,Diagnostic Medicine ,Internal medicine ,Gastrointestinal Tumors ,medicine ,Humans ,Obesity ,Alcoholics ,Survival rate ,Proportional Hazards Models ,Retrospective Studies ,Prothrombin time ,business.industry ,Carcinoma ,Body Weight ,Cancers and Neoplasms ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Bilirubin ,Hepatocellular Carcinoma ,medicine.disease ,Biological Tissue ,Steatohepatitis ,Clinical Medicine ,business ,Body mass index - Abstract
In alcoholic liver cirrhosis (LC) patients, obesity has become a problem that progresses into liver dysfunction. Herein, we investigated the relationship between the prognosis of steatohepatitis and body weight, along with fat accumulation in patients with alcoholic LC. We conducted a single-center retrospective study, enrolled 104 alcoholic LC patients without hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) based on histological and clinical evidence, and investigated factors related to poor prognosis using multivariate Cox regression and cluster analyses. Cox regression analysis revealed three independent relevant factors: subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) index (median 34.8 cm2/m2, P = 0.009, hazard ratio [HR] 1.017, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.004–1.030), total bilirubin level (median 1.7 mg/dL, P = 0.003, HR 1.129, 95% CI 1.042–1.223), and prothrombin time value (median 64%, P = 0.007, HR 0.967, 95% CI 0.943–0.991). In the cluster analysis, we categorized the patients into three groups: no adipose tissue accumulation (NAT group), SAT prior accumulation (SAT group), and visceral adipose tissue prior accumulation (VAT group). The results of the three groups revealed that the SAT group displayed a significantly poor prognosis of the Kaplan–Meier curve (67.1 vs 21.2 vs 65.3, P
- Published
- 2020
14. Analysis of predictive factors for R0 resection and immediate bleeding of cold snare polypectomy in colonoscopy
- Author
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Yumiko Ota, Takeshi Yoshikawa, Yosuke Tsuji, Yoshihiro Hirata, Tomonori Aoki, Hiroyuki Abe, Mitsuhiro Fujishiro, Shuntaro Yoshida, Kazuhiko Koike, Akiko Narita, Hiroto Kinoshita, Masashi Fukayama, Ayako Nakada, Satoshi Ono, and Atsuo Yamada
- Subjects
Male ,Multivariate analysis ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Colonoscopy ,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine ,Cryosurgery ,Vascular Medicine ,0302 clinical medicine ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Prospective Studies ,Child ,Aged, 80 and over ,Multidisciplinary ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Middle Aged ,Treatment Outcome ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Medicine ,030211 gastroenterology & hepatology ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Anatomy ,Research Article ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Histology ,Adolescent ,Colon ,Science ,Perforation (oil well) ,Colonic Polyps ,Surgical and Invasive Medical Procedures ,Hemorrhage ,Postoperative Hemorrhage ,Carcinomas ,Lesion ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,Digestive System Procedures ,Signs and Symptoms ,Predictive Value of Tests ,Diagnostic Medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Risk factor ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Surgical Resection ,business.industry ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Cancers and Neoplasms ,Endoscopy ,Odds ratio ,Polypectomy ,Surgery ,Gastrointestinal Tract ,Lesions ,business ,Digestive System - Abstract
Background Factors associated with efficacy and safety of cold snare polypectomy (CSP) are not well established. The aim is to elucidate the predictors of R0 resection and immediate bleeding of CSP. Methods We retrospectively reviewed a database of patients who underwent CSP for subcentimetric polyps at the University of Tokyo Hospital in Japan. Using the data regarding the characteristics of patients and polyps, such as location, size, and macroscopic appearance; use of narrow band imaging with magnification (NBI-M); and endoscopists’ experience, we revealed the predictive factors associated with R0 resection and immediate post-CSP bleeding by univariate and multivariate analyses. Results In total, 399 polyps, in 200 patients without antithrombotics, were removed. Failure of tissue retrieval was noted in 4% of resected lesions. There was no intramucosal carcinoma observed. The overall rate of R0 resection was 46%. Multivariate analysis elucidated that the observation of the polyp with NBI-M was an independent predictor associated with R0 resection (odds ratio [OR] 1.90; p = 0.024). Although immediate post-CSP bleeding occurred in 19 polyps (4.8%), no delayed bleeding or perforation was observed. Multivariate analysis revealed protruded lesion as an independent risk factor for immediate bleeding (OR 3.54; p = 0.018). Conclusions A higher rate of R0 resection with CSP can be achieved by performing colonoscopy with NBI-M, than with white-light imaging. Macroscopic protruding appearance of a polyp is a risk factor for immediate bleeding.
- Published
- 2018
15. Viral loads correlate with upregulation of PD-L1 and worse patient prognosis in Epstein–Barr Virus-associated gastric carcinoma
- Author
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Ruri Saito, Masashi Fukayama, Atsuhito Nakayama, Hiroharu Yamashita, Teru Kanda, Hiroyuki Abe, Yasuyuki Seto, Shumpei Ishikawa, and Akiko Kunita
- Subjects
Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ,Herpesvirus 4, Human ,Gene Dosage ,Cancer Treatment ,B7-H1 Antigen ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cell Signaling ,Surgical oncology ,hemic and lymphatic diseases ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ,Viral Genomics ,Multidisciplinary ,Fluorescent in Situ Hybridization ,biology ,Genomics ,Middle Aged ,Viral Load ,Prognosis ,Up-Regulation ,Surgical Oncology ,Oncology ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Disease Progression ,Medicine ,Female ,Genomic Signal Processing ,Viral load ,Research Article ,Signal Transduction ,Clinical Oncology ,Imaging Techniques ,Science ,Molecular Probe Techniques ,Image Analysis ,Microbial Genomics ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Microbiology ,Carcinomas ,Gene dosage ,Virus ,03 medical and health sciences ,Epstein-Barr virus associated gastric carcinoma ,Stomach Neoplasms ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Virology ,PD-L1 ,Gastrointestinal Tumors ,Genetics ,medicine ,Humans ,Molecular Biology Techniques ,Molecular Biology ,Aged ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Cancers and Neoplasms ,Cancer ,Cell Biology ,medicine.disease ,Survival Analysis ,Probe Hybridization ,Gastric Cancer ,030104 developmental biology ,Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens ,Cancer cell ,biology.protein ,Cancer research ,Clinical Medicine ,Cytogenetic Techniques ,Viral Transmission and Infection - Abstract
Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC), one of four major gastric cancer types, consists of clonal growth of EBV-infected epithelial cells. However, the significance of viral loads in each tumor cell has not been evaluated. EBV-DNA is stably maintained in episomal form in the nucleus of each cancer cell. To estimate EBV copy number per genome (EBV-CN), qPCR of viral EBNA1 and host GAPDH, standardized by Namalwa DNA (one copy/genome), was applied to the formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) surgically resected EBVaGC specimens (n = 43) and EBVaGC cell lines (SNU-719 and NCC-24). In surgical specimens, the cancer cell ratio (CCR) was determined with image analysis, and EBV-CN was obtained by adjusting qPCR value with CCR. Fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) was also applied to the FFPE sections using the whole EBV-genome as a probe. In surgical specimens, EBV-CN obtained by qPCR/CCR was between 1.2 and 185 copies with a median of 9.9. EBV-CN of SNU-719 and NCC-24 was 42.0 and 1.1, respectively. A linear correlation was observed with qPCR/CCR data up to 20 copies/genome (40 signals/nucleus), the limit of FISH analysis. In addition, substantial variation in the number of EBV foci was observed. Based on qPCR/CCR, high EBV-CN (>10 copies) correlated with PD-L1 expression in cancer cells (P = 0.015), but not with other pathological indicators. Furthermore, EBVaGC with high EBV-CN showed worse disease-specific survival (P = 0.041). Our findings suggest that cancer cell viral loads may contribute to expression of the immune checkpoint molecule and promotion of cancer progression in EBVaGC.
- Published
- 2019
16. Safety assessment of liver-targeted hydrodynamic gene delivery in dogs
- Author
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Takeshi Yokoo, Takeshi Suda, Guisheng Zhang, Yutaka Aoyagi, Dexi Liu, Tsutomu Kanefuji, Yuji Kobayashi, Hiroyuki Abe, and Kenya Kamimura
- Subjects
Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Genetic enhancement ,lcsh:Medicine ,Gene delivery ,Pharmacology ,Body weight ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Risk Assessment ,Injections ,Electrocardiography ,Dogs ,Heart rate ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Medicine ,Animals ,Clinical Trials ,Molecular Biology Techniques ,lcsh:Science ,Molecular Biology ,Chemokine CCL2 ,Oxygen saturation (medicine) ,Monitoring, Physiologic ,Clinical Genetics ,Multidisciplinary ,business.industry ,Interleukin-6 ,Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ,lcsh:R ,Gene Transfer Techniques ,Reproducibility of Results ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Genetic Therapy ,Gene Therapy ,Interleukin-10 ,Blood pressure ,Liver ,Toxicity ,Hydrodynamics ,lcsh:Q ,Delivery Procedure ,Clinical Medicine ,business ,Safety Studies ,Liver Circulation ,Research Article - Abstract
Evidence in support of safety of a gene delivery procedure is essential toward gene therapy. Previous studies using the hydrodynamics-based procedure primarily focus on gene delivery efficiency or gene function analysis in mice. The current study focuses on an assessment of the safety of computer-controlled and liver-targeted hydrodynamic gene delivery in dogs as the first step toward hydrodynamic gene therapy in clinic. We demonstrate that the impacts of the hydrodynamic procedure were limited in the injected region and the influences were transient. Histological examination and the hepatic microcirculation measurement using reflectance spectrophotometry reveal that the liver-specific impact of the procedure involves a transient expansion of the liver sinusoids. No systemic damage or toxicity was observed. Physiological parameters, including electrocardiogram, heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and body temperature, remained in normal ranges during and after hydrodynamic injection. Body weight was also examined to assess the long-term effects of the procedure in animals who underwent 3 hydrodynamic injections in 6 weeks with 2-week time interval in between. Serum biochemistry analysis showed a transient increase in liver enzymes and a few cytokines upon injection. These results demonstrate that image-guided, liver-specific hydrodynamic gene delivery is safe.
- Published
- 2014
17. Comparison of attenuation of striated muscle between postmortem and antemortem computed tomography: results of a longitudinal study
- Author
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Masashi Fukayama, Wataru Gonoi, Hiroyuki Abe, Hidemi Okuma, Go Shirota, Yukako Shintani, Masanori Ishida, and Kuni Ohtomo
- Subjects
Male ,Pathology ,Social Sciences ,Autopsy ,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine ,Diagnostic Radiology ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,Muscular dystrophy ,Forensic Pathology ,Tomography ,Aged, 80 and over ,Multidisciplinary ,Radiology and Imaging ,Cardiac muscle ,Anatomy ,Middle Aged ,Clinical Laboratory Sciences ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Medicine ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Muscle contraction ,Research Article ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Science ,Neuroimaging ,Postmortem Changes ,Young Adult ,Diagnostic Medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Muscle, Skeletal ,Aged ,Forensics ,business.industry ,Myocardium ,Pectoralis major muscle ,Skeletal muscle ,Biology and Life Sciences ,medicine.disease ,Muscle, Striated ,Computed Axial Tomography ,Ventricle ,Anatomical Pathology ,Law and Legal Sciences ,business ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,Neuroscience - Abstract
ObjectiveWe evaluated the postmortem changes of striated muscle by comparing computed tomography (CT) images obtained postmortem and antemortem in the same patients.Materials and methodsWe studied 33 consecutive patients who underwent antemortem CT, postmortem CT, and pathological autopsy in our tertiary care hospital between April 2009 and December 2010. Postmortem CT was performed within 20 h after death and was followed by pathological autopsy. Pathological autopsy confirmed the absence of muscular diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, muscular dystrophy, myositis, and myasthenia, in all of the patients. The CT attenuation values of four cardiac muscle sites (anterior wall of the left ventricle, left ventricular free wall, posterior wall of the left ventricle, and the ventricular septum) and two skeletal muscle sites (the pectoralis major muscle and the erector spinae muscle) were compared between antemortem and postmortem CT using paired t test.ResultsStriated muscle had significantly greater attenuation on postmortem CT than on antemortem CT (PConclusionThis is the first longitudinal study to show hyperattenuation of striated muscle on postmortem CT images compared with antemortem CT images in the same patients.
- Published
- 2014
18. Brain Swelling and Loss of Gray and White Matter Differentiation in Human Postmortem Cases by Computed Tomography
- Author
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Yukako Shintani, Go Shirota, Hiroyuki Abe, Hidemi Okuma, Masanori Ishida, Yutaka Takazawa, Masako Ikemura, Wataru Gonoi, Kuni Ohtomo, and Masashi Fukayama
- Subjects
Male ,Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed ,Central nervous system ,lcsh:Medicine ,Brain Edema ,Autopsy ,Postmortem Changes ,White matter ,Centrum semiovale ,medicine ,Humans ,lcsh:Science ,Aged ,Cause of death ,Aged, 80 and over ,Multidisciplinary ,Third ventricle ,Phantoms, Imaging ,business.industry ,lcsh:R ,Middle Aged ,White Matter ,Central sulcus ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Female ,lcsh:Q ,Tomography, X-Ray Computed ,Nuclear medicine ,business ,Research Article - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the brain by postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) versus antemortem computed tomography (AMCT) using brains from the same patients. We studied 36 nontraumatic subjects who underwent AMCT, PMCT, and pathological autopsy in our hospital between April 2009 and December 2013. PMCT was performed within 20 h after death, followed by pathological autopsy including the brain. Autopsy confirmed the absence of intracranial disorders that might be related to the cause of death or might affect measurements in our study. Width of the third ventricle, width of the central sulcus, and attenuation in gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) from the same area of the basal ganglia, centrum semiovale, and high convexity were statistically compared between AMCT and PMCT. Both the width of the third ventricle and the central sulcus were significantly shorter in PMCT than in AMCT (P < 0.0001). GM attenuation increased after death at the level of the centrum semiovale and high convexity, but the differences were not statistically significant considering the differences in attenuation among the different computed tomography scanners. WM attenuation significantly increased after death at all levels (P
- Published
- 2015
19. Polymorphisms Influencing Expression of Dermonecrotic Toxin in Bordetella bronchiseptica
- Author
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Aya Fukui-Miyazaki, Yoshitoshi Ogura, Keiji Nakamura, Fumio Ike, Yasuhiko Horiguchi, Keisuke Okada, Tetsuya Hayashi, Naoaki Shinzawa, and Hiroyuki Abe
- Subjects
Bordetella pertussis ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Molecular Sequence Data ,lcsh:Medicine ,Bordetella bronchiseptica ,medicine.disease_cause ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,law.invention ,Microbiology ,Species Specificity ,law ,Molecular genetics ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Virulence Factors, Bordetella ,Promoter Regions, Genetic ,lcsh:Science ,Polymerase chain reaction ,Reporter gene ,Transglutaminases ,Multidisciplinary ,Base Sequence ,biology ,Toxin ,lcsh:R ,Promoter ,Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial ,biology.organism_classification ,Molecular biology ,lcsh:Q ,Bacteria ,Research Article - Abstract
Bordetella bronchiseptica is a pathogenic bacterium causing respiratory infections in a broad range of mammals. Recently, we determined the whole genome sequence of B. bronchiseptica S798 strain isolated from a pig infected with atrophic rhinitis and found four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at positions -129, -72, +22, and +38 in the region upstream of dnt encoding dermonecrotic toxin (DNT), when compared with a rabbit isolate, RB50. DNT is known to be involved in turbinate atrophy observed in atrophic rhinitis. Immunoblotting, quantitative real-time PCR, and β-galactosidase reporter assay revealed that these SNPs resulted in the increased promoter activity of dnt and conferred the increased ability to produce DNT on the bacteria. Similar or identical SNPs were also found in other pig isolates kept in our laboratory, all of which produce a larger amount of DNT than RB50. Our analysis revealed that substitution of at least two of the four bases, at positions -72 and +22, influenced the promoter activity for dnt. These results imply that these SNPs are involved in the pathogenicity of bordetellae specific to pig diseases.
- Published
- 2015
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