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2 results on '"Gilad W. Vainer"'

1. PF-4708671 activates AMPK independently of p70S6K1 inhibition.

Author

Gilad W Vainer, Ann Saada, Juliane Kania-Almog, Adir Amartely, Jacob Bar-Tana, and Rachel Hertz

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

The P70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase 1 (P70S6K1) is activated by the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTORC1) and regulates proliferation, growth, and metabolism. PF-4708671 is a novel, cell-permeable, has been proposed to be a highly specific inhibitor of p70S6K1. It is used in micromolar concentration range to dissect signaling pathways downstream of mTORC1 and to study the function of p70S6K1. Here we show that PF-4708671 induces AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation and activation in immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) independently of p70S6K1, due to specific inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory chain Complex I.

Published
2014
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2. Standardization of the teratoma assay for analysis of pluripotency of human ES cells and biosafety of their differentiated progeny

Author

Naomi B. Zak, Yaniv Gil, Limor Matzrafi, Vitali Shilo, Juri Kopolovic, Michal Gropp, Hanita Khaner, Maria Idelson, Miri Gov, Gilad W. Vainer, and Benjamin Reubinoff

Subjects
Embryology, Pathology, endocrine system diseases, Cellular differentiation, lcsh:Medicine, Cell Count, Mice, SCID, Mice, Mice, Inbred NOD, Molecular Cell Biology, Induced pluripotent stem cell, lcsh:Science, Multidisciplinary, Stem Cells, Teratoma, Cell Differentiation, Cell biology, Survival Rate, Drug Combinations, Biological Assay, Proteoglycans, Collagen, Cellular Types, Stem cell, Research Article, Pluripotent Stem Cells, medicine.medical_specialty, Cell Potency, Injections, Subcutaneous, Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells, Biology, Sensitivity and Specificity, medicine, Animals, Humans, Embryonic Stem Cells, Matrigel, lcsh:R, Feeder Cells, Histology, Fibroblasts, medicine.disease, Embryonic stem cell, Transplantation, Karyotyping, lcsh:Q, Laminin, Stem Cell Lines, Biomarkers, Developmental Biology
Abstract

Teratoma tumor formation is an essential criterion in determining the pluripotency of human pluripotent stem cells. However, currently there is no consistent protocol for assessment of teratoma forming ability. Here we present detailed characterization of a teratoma assay that is based on subcutaneous co-transplantation of defined numbers of undifferentiated human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) with mitotically inactivated feeder cells and Matrigel into immunodeficient mice. The assay was highly reproducible and 100% efficient when 100,000 hESCs were transplanted. It was sensitive, promoting teratoma formation after transplantation of 100 hESCs, though larger numbers of animals and longer follow-up were required. The assay could detect residual teratoma forming cells within differentiated hESC populations however its sensitivity was decreased in the presence of differentiated cells. Our data lay the foundation, for standardization of a teratoma assay for pluripotency analysis. The assay can also be used for bio-safety analysis of pluripotent stem cell-derived differentiated progeny.

Published
2012

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