1. Predictors of residual antimalarial drugs in the blood in community surveys in Tanzania
- Author
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Gallay, Joanna, Pothin, Emilie, Mosha, Dominic, Lutahakana, Erick, Mazuguni, Festo, Zuakulu, Martin, Decosterd, Laurent Arthur, and Genton, Blaise
- Subjects
Male ,Physiology ,Maternal Health ,lcsh:Medicine ,Fevers ,Pathology and Laboratory Medicine ,Tanzania ,Geographical Locations ,Drug Metabolism ,Pregnancy ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Medicine and Health Sciences ,lcsh:Science ,Child ,Adolescent ,Adult ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,Antimalarials/blood ,Antimalarials/therapeutic use ,Child, Preschool ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Drug Residues/analysis ,Female ,Humans ,Infant ,Infant, Newborn ,Malaria/blood ,Malaria/drug therapy ,Middle Aged ,Young Adult ,Pharmaceutics ,Drugs ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Body Fluids ,Blood ,Anatomy ,Research Article ,Antimalarials ,Signs and Symptoms ,Drug Therapy ,Diagnostic Medicine ,Parasitic Diseases ,Pharmacokinetics ,Pharmacology ,lcsh:R ,Biology and Life Sciences ,Tropical Diseases ,Drug Residues ,Malaria ,People and Places ,Africa ,Women's Health ,lcsh:Q - Abstract
BACKGROUND:Understanding pattern of antimalarials use at large scale helps ensuring appropriate use of treatments and preventing the spread of resistant parasites. We estimated the proportion of individuals in community surveys with residual antimalarials in their blood and identified the factors associated with the presence of the most commonly detected drugs, lumefantrine and/or desbutyl-lumefantrine (LF/DLF) or sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP). METHODS:A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2015 in three regions of Tanzania with different levels of malaria endemicity. Interviews were conducted and blood samples collected through household surveys for further antimalarial measurements using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. In addition, diagnosis and treatment availability was investigated through outlet surveys. Multilevel mixed effects logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios for having LF/DLF or SP in the blood. RESULTS:Amongst 6391 participants, 12.4% (792/6391) had LF/DLF and 8.0% (510/6391) SP in the blood. Factors associated with higher odds of detecting LF/DLF in the blood included fever in the previous two weeks (OR = 2.6, p
- Published
- 2018