1. Effectiveness of infection-containment measures on SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and circulation from May to July 2020, in Milan, Italy
- Author
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Livia Tartaglione, Chiara Vismara, Federica Di Ruscio, Marta Vecchi, Alessandro Raimondi, Claudia Alteri, Luna Colagrossi, Carlo Federico Perno, Daniela Campisi, Alice Nava, Roberto Rossotti, Giovanna Travi, Diana Fanti, Roberto Fumagalli, Valeria Cento, Marco Merli, Andrea Beretta, Massimo Puoti, Filippo Galbiati, Francesco Scaglione, Oscar Massimiliano Epis, Nicola Ughi, Cento, V, Alteri, C, Merli, M, Ruscio, F, Tartaglione, L, Rossotti, R, Travi, G, Vecchi, M, Raimondi, A, Nava, A, Colagrossi, L, Fumagalli, R, Ughi, N, Epis, O, Fanti, D, Beretta, A, Galbiati, F, Scaglione, F, Vismara, C, Puoti, M, Campisi, D, and Perno, C
- Subjects
RNA viruses ,Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Viral Diseases ,Pulmonology ,Coronaviruses ,Physiology ,Artificial Gene Amplification and Extension ,Antibodies, Viral ,Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Biochemistry ,Serology ,Medical Conditions ,0302 clinical medicine ,Seroepidemiologic Studies ,Immune Physiology ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Young adult ,Child ,Pathology and laboratory medicine ,Virus Testing ,Aged, 80 and over ,Immune System Proteins ,Multidisciplinary ,Medical microbiology ,Middle Aged ,Hospitals ,Titer ,Infectious Diseases ,Italy ,Viruses ,Medicine ,Female ,SARS CoV 2 ,Pathogens ,Coronavirus Infections ,Research Article ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,SARS coronavirus ,Adolescent ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,Science ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Immunology ,Pneumonia, Viral ,Research and Analysis Methods ,Microbiology ,Antibodies ,Respiratory Disorders ,Betacoronavirus ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,Diagnostic Medicine ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Seroprevalence ,Molecular Biology Techniques ,Molecular Biology ,Pandemics ,Aged ,Medicine and health sciences ,Biology and life sciences ,SARS-CoV-2 ,business.industry ,Organisms ,Viral pathogens ,Proteins ,COVID-19 ,Covid 19 ,Chemiluminescent Assays ,Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Microbial pathogens ,Health Care ,030104 developmental biology ,Health Care Facilities ,Immunoglobulin G ,Respiratory Infections ,Communicable Disease Control ,business - Abstract
Objective Through a hospital-based SARS-CoV-2 molecular and serological screening, we evaluated the effectiveness of two months of lockdown and two of surveillance, in Milan, Lombardy, the first to be overwhelmed by COVID-19 pandemics during March-April 2020. Methods All subjects presenting at the major hospital of Milan from May-11 to July-5, 2020, underwent a serological screening by chemiluminescent assays. Those admitted were further tested by RT-PCR. Results The cumulative anti-N IgG seroprevalence in the 2753 subjects analyzed was of 5.1% (95%CI = 4.3%-6.0%), with a peak of 8.4% (6.1%-11.4%) 60–63 days since the peak of diagnoses (March-20). 31/106 (29.2%) anti-N reactive subjects had anti-S1/S2 titers >80 AU/mL. Being tested from May-18 to June-5, or residing in the provinces with higher SARS-CoV-2 circulation, were positively and independently associated with anti-N IgG reactivity (OR [95%CI]: 2.179[1.455–3.264] and 3.127[1.18–8.29], respectively). In the 18 RT-PCR positive, symptomatic subjects, anti-N seroprevalence was 33.3% (95% CI: 14.8%-56.3%). Conclusion SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in Milan is low, and in a downward trend after only 60–63 days since the peak of diagnoses. Italian confinement measures were effective, but the risk of contagion remains concrete. In hospital-settings, the performance of molecular and serological screenings upon admission remains highly advisable.
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- 2020