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1. Maternal varicella antibodies in children aged less than one year: Assessment of antibody decay

Author

Bolotin, Shelly, primary, Hughes, Stephanie L., additional, Savage, Rachel D., additional, McLachlan, Elizabeth, additional, Severini, Alberto, additional, Arnold, Callum, additional, Richardson, Susan, additional, Crowcroft, Natasha S., additional, Deek, Shelley, additional, Halperin, Scott A., additional, Brown, Kevin A., additional, Hatchette, Todd, additional, Osman, Selma, additional, Gubbay, Jonathan B., additional, and Science, Michelle, additional

Published
2023
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2. Evaluation of association of HNF1B variants with diverse cancers: collaborative analysis of data from 19 genome-wide association studies.

Author

Elliott, Katherine S, Zeggini, Eleftheria, McCarthy, Mark I, Gudmundsson, Julius, Sulem, Patrick, Stacey, Simon N, Thorlacius, Steinunn, Amundadottir, Laufey, Grönberg, Henrik, Xu, Jianfeng, Gaborieau, Valerie, Eeles, Rosalind A, Neal, David E, Donovan, Jenny L, Hamdy, Freddie C, Muir, Kenneth, Hwang, Shih-Jen, Spitz, Margaret R, Zanke, Brent, Carvajal-Carmona, Luis, Brown, Kevin M, Australian Melanoma Family Study Investigators, Hayward, Nicholas K, Macgregor, Stuart, Tomlinson, Ian PM, Lemire, Mathieu, Amos, Christopher I, Murabito, Joanne M, Isaacs, William B, Easton, Douglas F, Brennan, Paul, PanScan Consortium, Barkardottir, Rosa B, Gudbjartsson, Daniel F, Rafnar, Thorunn, Hunter, David J, Chanock, Stephen J, Stefansson, Kari, and Ioannidis, John PA

Subjects
Australian Melanoma Family Study Investigators, PanScan Consortium, Humans, Neoplasms, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Cooperative Behavior, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Databases, Genetic, Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-beta, Genome-Wide Association Study, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Databases, Genetic, General Science & Technology
Abstract

BackgroundGenome-wide association studies have found type 2 diabetes-associated variants in the HNF1B gene to exhibit reciprocal associations with prostate cancer risk. We aimed to identify whether these variants may have an effect on cancer risk in general versus a specific effect on prostate cancer only.Methodology/principal findingsIn a collaborative analysis, we collected data from GWAS of cancer phenotypes for the frequently reported variants of HNF1B, rs4430796 and rs7501939, which are in linkage disequilibrium (r(2) = 0.76, HapMap CEU). Overall, the analysis included 16 datasets on rs4430796 with 19,640 cancer cases and 21,929 controls; and 21 datasets on rs7501939 with 26,923 cases and 49,085 controls. Malignancies other than prostate cancer included colorectal, breast, lung and pancreatic cancers, and melanoma. Meta-analysis showed large between-dataset heterogeneity that was driven by different effects in prostate cancer and other cancers. The per-T2D-risk-allele odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for rs4430796 were 0.79 (0.76, 0.83)] per G allele for prostate cancer (p

Published
2010

3. Improving estimates of pertussis burden in Ontario, Canada 2010–2017 by combining validation and capture-recapture methodologies.

Author

McBurney, Shilo H., Kwong, Jeffrey C., Brown, Kevin A., Rudzicz, Frank, Wilton, Andrew, and Crowcroft, Natasha S.

Subjects
WHOOPING cough, PUBLIC health surveillance, EPIDEMIOLOGICAL research
Abstract

An underestimation of pertussis burden has impeded understanding of transmission and disallows effective policy and prevention to be prioritized and enacted. Capture-recapture analyses can improve burden estimates; however, uncertainty remains around incorporating health administrative data due to accuracy limitations. The aim of this study is to explore the impact of pertussis case definitions and data accuracy on capture-recapture estimates. We used a dataset from March 7, 2010 to December 31, 2017 comprised of pertussis case report, laboratory, and health administrative data. We compared Chao capture-recapture abundance estimates using prevalence, incidence, and adjusted false positive case definitions. The latter was developed by removing the proportion of false positive physician billing code-only case episodes after validation. We calculated sensitivity by dividing the number of observed cases by abundance. Abundance estimates demonstrated that a high proportion of cases were missed by all sources. Under the primary analysis, the highest sensitivity of 78.5% (95% CI 76.2–80.9%) for those less than one year of age was obtained using all sources after adjusting for false positives, which dropped to 43.1% (95% CI 42.4–43.8%) for those one year of age or older. Most code-only episodes were false positives (91.0%), leading to considerably lower abundance estimates and improvements in laboratory testing and case report sensitivity using this definition. Accuracy limitations can be accounted for in capture-recapture analyses using different case definitions and adjustment. The latter enhanced the validity of estimates, furthering the utility of capture-recapture methods to epidemiological research. Findings demonstrated that all sources consistently fail to detect pertussis cases. This is differential by age, suggesting ascertainment and testing bias. Results demonstrate the value of incorporating real time health administrative data into public health surveillance if accuracy limitations can be addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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4. Variations in long-term care home resident hospitalizations before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario

Author

Jones, Aaron, primary, Mowbray, Fabrice I., additional, Falk, Lindsey, additional, Stall, Nathan M., additional, Brown, Kevin A., additional, Malikov, Kamil, additional, Malecki, Sarah L., additional, Lail, Sharan, additional, Jung, Hae Young, additional, Costa, Andrew P., additional, Verma, Amol A., additional, and Razak, Fahad, additional

Published
2022
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6. Secondary attack rates in primary and secondary school bubbles following a confirmed case: Active, prospective national surveillance, November to December 2020, England

Author

Powell, Annabel A., primary, Ireland, Georgina, additional, Baawuah, Frances, additional, Beckmann, Joanne, additional, Okike, Ifeanyichukwu O., additional, Ahmad, Shazaad, additional, Garstang, Joanna, additional, Brent, Andrew J., additional, Brent, Bernadette, additional, Aiano, Felicity, additional, Hargreaves, James, additional, Langan, Sinéad M., additional, Mangtani, Punam, additional, Nguipdop-Djomo, Patrick, additional, Sturgess, Joanna, additional, Oswald, William, additional, Halliday, Katherine, additional, Rourke, Emma, additional, Dawe, Fiona, additional, Amin-Chowdhury, Zahin, additional, Kall, Meaghan, additional, Zambon, Maria, additional, Poh, John, additional, Ijaz, Samreen, additional, Lackenby, Angie, additional, Elli, Joanna, additional, Brown, Kevin E., additional, Diamond, Sir Ian, additional, Ramsay, Mary E., additional, and Ladhani, Shamez N., additional

Published
2022
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7. Genome-wide host methylation profiling of anal and cervical carcinoma

Author

Siegel, Erin M., primary, Ajidahun, Abidemi, additional, Berglund, Anders, additional, Guerrero, Whitney, additional, Eschrich, Steven, additional, Putney, Ryan M., additional, Magliocco, Anthony, additional, Riggs, Bridget, additional, Winter, Kathryn, additional, Simko, Jeff P., additional, Ajani, Jaffer A., additional, Guha, Chandan, additional, Okawara, Gordon S., additional, Abdalla, Ibrahim, additional, Becker, Mark J., additional, Pizzolato, Joseph F., additional, Crane, Christopher H., additional, Brown, Kevin D., additional, and Shibata, David, additional

Published
2021
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11. Selective inhibition of carbonic anhydrase IX over carbonic anhydrase XII in breast cancer cells using benzene sulfonamides: Disconnect between activity and growth inhibition

Author

Mboge, Mam Y., primary, Chen, Zhijuan, additional, Wolff, Alyssa, additional, Mathias, John V., additional, Tu, Chingkuang, additional, Brown, Kevin D., additional, Bozdag, Murat, additional, Carta, Fabrizio, additional, Supuran, Claudiu T., additional, McKenna, Robert, additional, and Frost, Susan C., additional

Published
2018
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18. Validation of a Low Dose Simulation Technique for Computed Tomography Images

Author

Muenzel, Daniela, primary, Koehler, Thomas, additional, Brown, Kevin, additional, Žabić, Stanislav, additional, Fingerle, Alexander A., additional, Waldt, Simone, additional, Bendik, Edgar, additional, Zahel, Tina, additional, Schneider, Armin, additional, Dobritz, Martin, additional, Rummeny, Ernst J., additional, and Noël, Peter B., additional

Published
2014
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20. Impact of ECG Findings and Process-Of-Care Characteristics on the Likelihood of Not Receiving Reperfusion Therapy in Patients with ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Results of a Field Evaluation

Author

Brown, Kevin A., primary, Lambert, Laurie J., additional, Brophy, James M., additional, Nasmith, James, additional, Rinfret, Stéphane, additional, Segal, Eli, additional, Kouz, Simon, additional, Ross, Dave, additional, Harvey, Richard, additional, Maire, Sébastien, additional, Boothroyd, Lucy J., additional, and Bogaty, Peter, additional

Published
2014
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21. Assessment of PALB2 as a Candidate Melanoma Susceptibility Gene

Author

Aoude, Lauren G., primary, Xu, Mai, additional, Zhao, Zhen Zhen, additional, Kovacs, Michael, additional, Palmer, Jane M., additional, Johansson, Peter, additional, Symmons, Judith, additional, Trent, Jeffrey M., additional, Martin, Nicholas G., additional, Montgomery, Grant W., additional, Brown, Kevin M., additional, and Hayward, Nicholas K., additional

Published
2014
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23. Methane-Carbon Flow into the Benthic Food Web at Cold Seeps – A Case Study from the Costa Rica Subduction Zone

Author

Niemann, Helge, primary, Linke, Peter, additional, Knittel, Katrin, additional, MacPherson, Enrique, additional, Boetius, Antje, additional, Brückmann, Warner, additional, Larvik, Gaute, additional, Wallmann, Klaus, additional, Schacht, Ulrike, additional, Omoregie, Enoma, additional, Hilton, David, additional, Brown, Kevin, additional, and Rehder, Gregor, additional

Published
2013
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27. The Peripheral Blood Transcriptome Identifies the Presence and Extent of Disease in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Author

Yang, Ivana V., primary, Luna, Leah G., additional, Cotter, Jennifer, additional, Talbert, Janet, additional, Leach, Sonia M., additional, Kidd, Raven, additional, Turner, Julia, additional, Kummer, Nathan, additional, Kervitsky, Dolly, additional, Brown, Kevin K., additional, Boon, Kathy, additional, Schwarz, Marvin I., additional, Schwartz, David A., additional, and Steele, Mark P., additional

Published
2012
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29. Array-Comparative Genomic Hybridization Reveals Loss of SOCS6 Is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Primary Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Author

Sriram, Krishna B., primary, Larsen, Jill E., additional, Savarimuthu Francis, Santiyagu M., additional, Wright, Casey M., additional, Clarke, Belinda E., additional, Duhig, Edwina E., additional, Brown, Kevin M., additional, Hayward, Nicholas K., additional, Yang, Ian A., additional, Bowman, Rayleen V., additional, and Fong, Kwun M., additional

Published
2012
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33. The Magnitude and Duration of Clostridium difficile Infection Risk Associated with Antibiotic Therapy: A Hospital Cohort Study.

Author

Brown, Kevin A., Fisman, David N., Moineddin, Rahim, and Daneman, Nick

Subjects
*CLOSTRIDIOIDES difficile, *ANTIBIOTICS, *HOSPITAL care, *REGRESSION analysis, *RISK assessment, *COMPUTATIONAL biology
Abstract

Antibiotic therapy is the principal risk factor for Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), but little is known about how risks cumulate over the course of therapy and abate after cessation. We prospectively identified CDI cases among adults hospitalized at a tertiary hospital between June 2010 and May 2012. Poisson regression models included covariates for time since admission, age, hospitalization history, disease pressure, and intensive care unit stay. Impacts of antibiotic use through time were modeled using 4 measures: current antibiotic receipt, time since most recent receipt, time since first receipt during a hospitalization, and duration of receipt. Over the 24-month study period, we identified 127 patients with new onset nosocomial CDI (incidence rate per 10,000 patient days [IR] = 5.86). Of the 4 measures, time since most recent receipt was the strongest independent predictor of CDI incidence. Relative to patients with no prior receipt of antibiotics in the last 30 days (IR = 2.95), the incidence rate of CDI was 2.41 times higher (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.41, 4.13) during antibiotic receipt and 2.16 times higher when patients had receipt in the prior 1–5 days (CI 1.17, 4.00). The incidence rates of CDI following 1–3, 4–6 and 7–11 days of antibiotic exposure were 1.60 (CI 0.85, 3.03), 2.27 (CI 1.24, 4.16) and 2.10 (CI 1.12, 3.94) times higher compared to no prior receipt. These findings are consistent with studies showing higher risk associated with longer antibiotic use in hospitalized patients, but suggest that the duration of increased risk is shorter than previously thought. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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34. Assessment of PALB2 as a Candidate Melanoma Susceptibility Gene.

Author

Aoude, Lauren G., Xu, Mai, Zhao, Zhen Zhen, Kovacs, Michael, Palmer, Jane M., Johansson, Peter, Symmons, Judith, Trent, Jeffrey M., Martin, Nicholas G., Montgomery, Grant W., Brown, Kevin M., and Hayward, Nicholas K.

Subjects
MELANOMA, CANCER susceptibility, PROTEIN-protein interactions, BREAST cancer, PANCREATIC cancer, AMINO acid sequence
Abstract

Partner and localizer of BRCA2 (PALB2) interacts with BRCA2 to enable double strand break repair through homologous recombination. Similar to BRCA2, germline mutations in PALB2 have been shown to predispose to Fanconi anaemia as well as pancreatic and breast cancer. The PALB2/BRCA2 protein interaction, as well as the increased melanoma risk observed in families harbouring BRCA2 mutations, makes PALB2 a candidate for melanoma susceptibility. In order to assess PALB2 as a melanoma predisposition gene, we sequenced the entire protein-coding sequence of PALB2 in probands from 182 melanoma families lacking pathogenic mutations in known high penetrance melanoma susceptibility genes: CDKN2A, CDK4, and BAP1. In addition, we interrogated whole-genome and exome data from another 19 kindreds with a strong family history of melanoma for deleterious mutations in PALB2. Here we report a rare known deleterious PALB2 mutation (rs118203998) causing a premature truncation of the protein (p.Y1183X) in an individual who had developed four different cancer types, including melanoma. Three other family members affected with melanoma did not carry the variant. Overall our data do not support a case for PALB2 being associated with melanoma predisposition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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35. A BAP1 Mutation in a Danish Family Predisposes to Uveal Melanoma and Other Cancers.

Author

Aoude, Lauren G., Wadt, Karin, Bojesen, Anders, Crüger, Dorthe, Borg, Åke, Trent, Jeffrey M., Brown, Kevin M., Gerdes, Anne-Marie, Jönsson, Göran, and Hayward, Nicholas K.

Subjects
BRCA genes, GENETIC mutation, UVEA cancer, MELANOMA, DANES, GERM cells, TUMOR growth, DISEASES
Abstract

Truncating germline mutations in the tumor suppressor gene BRCA-1 associated protein-1 (BAP1) have been reported in families predisposed to developing a wide range of different cancer types including uveal melanoma and cutaneous melanoma. There has also been an association between amelanotic tumor development and germline BAP1 mutation suggesting a possible phenotypic characteristic of BAP1 mutation carriers. Though there have been many types of cancer associated with germline BAP1 mutation, the full spectrum of disease association is yet to be ascertained. Here we describe a Danish family with predominantly uveal melanoma but also a range of other tumor types including lung, neuroendocrine, stomach, and breast cancer; as well as pigmented skin lesions. Whole-exome sequencing identified a BAP1 splice mutation located at c.581-2A>G, which leads to a premature truncation of BAP1 in an individual with uveal melanoma. This mutation was carried by several other family members with melanoma or various cancers. The finding expands on the growing profile of BAP1 as an important uveal and cutaneous melanoma tumor suppressor gene and implicates its involvement in the development of lung, and stomach cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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