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Anthocyanins have significant functions in stress tolerance in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) and also benefit human health. Nevertheless, the key structural genes and regulatory genes involved in anthocyanin accumulation in pepper fruits are still not well understood and fine mapped. For the present study, 383 F2 plants from a cross between the green-fruited C. annuum line Z5 and the purple-fruited line Z6 was developed. Two separate bulked DNA pools were constructed with DNAs extracted from either 37 plants with high anthocyanin content or from 18 plants with no anthocyanin. A combination of specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) and bulked segregant analysis (BSA) was used to identify candidates for regions associated with anthocyanin accumulation. We identified a total of 127,004 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, and detected 1674 high-quality SNP markers associated with anthocyanin accumulation. Three candidate anthocyanin-associated regions including the intervals from 12.48 to 20.00 Mb, from 54.67 to 56.59 Mb, and from 192.17 to 196.82 Mb were identified within a 14.10-Mb interval on chromosome 10 containing 126 candidate genes. Based on their annotations, we identified 12 candidate genes that are predicted to be associated with anthocyanin expression. The present results provide an efficient strategy for genetic mapping of and valuable insights into the genetic mechanisms of anthocyanin accumulation in pepper fruit, and allow us to clone and functionally analyze the genes that influence anthocyanin accumulation in this species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a rare inherited bone marrow failure syndrome that is characterized by pure red-cell aplasia and associated physical deformities. It has been proven that defects of ribosomal proteins can lead to this disease and that RPS19 is the most frequently mutated gene in DBA patients. Previous studies suggest that p53-dependent genes and pathways play important roles in RPS19-deficient embryos. However, whether there are other vital factors linked to DBA has not been fully clarified. In this study, we compared the whole genome RNA-Seq data of zebrafish embryos injected with RPS19 morpholino (RPS19 MO), RPS19 and p53 morpholino simultaneously (RPS19+p53 MO) and control morpholino (control). We found that genes enriched in the functions of hematological systems, nervous system development and skeletal and muscular disorders had significant differential expression in RPS19 MO embryos compared with controls. Co-inhibition of p53 partially alleviates the abnormalities for RPS19-deficient embryos. However, the hematopoietic genes, which were down-regulated significantly in RPS19 MO embryos, were not completely recovered by the co-inhibition of p53. Furthermore, we identified the genome-wide p53-dependent and -independent genes and pathways. These results indicate that not only p53 family members but also other factors have important impacts on RPS19-deficient embryos. The detection of potential pathogenic genes and pathways provides us a new paradigm for future research on DBA, which is a systematic and complex hereditary disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]