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Rabies is one of the most lethal infectious diseases, with those living in Asia and Africa having the highest risk of dying from rabies. We conducted a knowledge, attitudes and practices survey in urban and peri-urban areas of Bangladesh to describe canine bite rates, rabies knowledge, and healthcare seeking behaviors and barriers to human and dog vaccination. A bite risk assessment score (BRAS) and healthcare-seeking behavior score (HSBS) was calculated for each bite victim. Respondents were given two hypothetical situations to assess potential behaviors after a bite and willingness to pay for rabies vaccine and immunoglobulin. In total, 2,447 households participated in the survey and 85 bite victims were identified. The BRAS identified that 31% of bites posed no risk of rabies transmission. Multivariate analyses showed that living in Chittagong (β = 1.4; 95% CI: 0.1, 2.7) was associated with a higher HSBS. Findings presented here provide useful information regarding bite occurrences, healthcare-seeking behaviors, and a need for strategies to increase rabies awareness. Author summary: Rabies is one of the most lethal infectious diseases and those living in Asia and Africa have the highest risk of dying from rabies. Bangladesh has the third highest number of estimated human deaths from rabies of all countries with an estimated 2,000–2,500 deaths annually. In 2018, a knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) survey was conducted to better describe the rabies burden in four urban and rural areas. Our manuscript will deepen the understanding of ways to develop cost-effective, risk-based PEP delivery to persons with probable rabies exposures to prevent unnecessary PEP shortages among urban and peri-urban populations. The findings here provide useful information regarding bite occurrences, healthcare-seeking behaviors, and a need for strategies to increase rabies awareness in urban and peri-urban areas. This study confirmed a high human rabies death rate in Bangladesh despite a high rate of PEP usage and completion rates and makes a case for IBCM as cost effective means to rabies control in Bangladesh. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]