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Here we present an updated checklist of the genus Festuca in the Altai Mountains (AM). The study was carried out on the abundant herbarium material and considered the latest published phylogenetic analyses. Festuca was revised within the scope of the fine-leaved group (clade) with two sections, sect. Aulaxyper and sect. Festuca. Two species, namely F.richardsonii and F.lenensis , were previously misidentified and are not present in the AM. Festucabrevissima is a new record for the Russian part of the AM and for the flora of Mongolia. In total, our revision shows that 17 species of fine-leaved fescues are present in the area of AM. In this paper, we provide a key to species identification, as well as illustrations of plants, habits, leaves, spikelets, and glumes. Information on nomenclature types, synonymy, flowering period, chromosome numbers, habitats, and general distribution along with distribution maps of the particular species within the AM are included., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Polina D. Gudkova, Elizaveta A. Kriuchkova, Alexander I. Shmakov, Marcin Nobis.)

The dandelions from Taraxacumsect.Erythrosperma are taxonomically well distinguished and ecologically restricted to warm and sunlit habitats of steppes, dry and sandy grasslands, and distributed in temperate regions of Europe and Central Asia, with some being introduced to North America. Despite the long tradition of botanical research, the taxonomy and distribution of dandelions of T.sect.Erythrosperma is still underexplored in central Europe. In this paper, by combining traditional taxonomic studies supported by micromorphological, molecular and flow cytometry analyses as well as potential distribution modelling we shed light on taxonomical and phylogenetical relationships between members of T.sect.Erythrosperma in Poland. We also provide an identification key, species-checklist, detailed descriptions of morphology and occupated habitats as well as distribution maps for 14 Polish erythrosperms ( T.bellicum , T.brachyglossum , T.cristatum , T.danubium , T.disseminatum , T.dissimile , T.lacistophyllum , T.parnassicum , T.plumbeum , T.proximum , T.sandomiriense , T.scanicum , T.tenuilobum , T.tortilobum ). Finally, conservation assessments performed using the IUCN method and threat categories for all the examined species are proposed., (Mateusz Wolanin, Ewelina Klichowska, Iwona Jedrzejczyk, Monika Rewers, Marcin Nobis.)

Stipapurpurea is a high-alpine species that occurs in cryophilous steppes, semi-deserts and stony slopes, from the Tian Shan and Pamirian Plateau through Qinghai-Xizang Plateau to the Himalayas and is characterised by a great morphological variability. During the revision of specimens of the taxon, we observed that the pattern of this variability is linked to the geographical distribution of the specimens. Numerical analyses (PCA and UPGMA) revealed three groups of OTUs corresponding to three morphotypes within the S.purpurea complex. A set of macro- and micromorphological characters, supported by a map of general distributional ranges, are presented to distinguish each of the three taxa within the complex and we reassess the status of Lasiagrostistremula described by Ruprecht in 1869. As a result, Stipatremula , S.purpurea and S.arenosa were distinguished within the complex. The intermediate characters of S.arenosa may suggest its putative hybrid origin ( S.tremula × S.purpurea ), whereas the presence of extremely long florets may be an expression of the gigas effect. We propose two new combinations ( S.tremula and S.arenosa ), describe a new nothospecies ( S.×ladakhensis ) that originated from hybridisation between S.klimesii and S.purpurea s.l. and designate the lectotype for Ptilagrostissemenovii . An identification key and detailed morphological description of species from the S.purpurea complex are also presented., (Marcin Nobis, Marta Krzempek, Arkadiusz Nowak, Polina D. Gudkova, Ewelina Klichowska.)

Józef Warszewicz (1812-1864) was one of the first Polish naturalists to explore the flora of the tropical New World. During two expeditions to Central and South America (1844-1850 and 1850-1853) he collected and delivered to Europe up to twenty thousand plant specimens. To honour his service and his achievements in plant collections, different taxonomists described more than 100 taxa using the surname Warszewicz, for example in the genus name ( Warszewiczia ) and the species epithets ( warszewiczii , warscewiczii , warszewicziana ). Unfortunately, a large part of Warszewicz's collection of plant species deposited in the Berlin Herbarium (B), including many type specimens was destroyed during World War II. During digitisation of herbarium collections preserved in the Herbarium of the Jagiellonian University (KRA), we reviewed more than 650 herbarium sheets with plant specimens collected by Warszewicz and originating from his trips to Central and South America. In this paper, we present the typification of five names of species, described base on Warszewicz's plant material. We select lectotypes for Berberiswarszewiczii , Esenbeckiawarscewiczii , Psammisiaramiflora , Remijiainvolucrata and Rondeletiaorthoneura , and provide data on the presence of 17 specimens (isotypes) representing Esenbeckiacornuta , an extremely rare species, that to date is known only from the type locality in Peru. A list of all Warszewicz's specimens preserved at KRA herbarium is also presented. Additionally, in the result of the revision of syntypes of Berberismultiflora and Rondeletiareflexa we designated here the lectotypes for these taxa., (Marcin Nobis, Ewelina Klichowska, Mateusz Wolanin, Agnieszka Nobis, Arkadiusz Nowak.)

Based on field research in south-central Poland, supplemented with a review of herbarium materials, we identified a stable bramble biotype with a range large enough (190 km distance between the outermost stands) to be described as a new regional agamic species, Rubuskaznowskii sp.nov. It belongs to the series Subthyrsoidei(sect. Corylifolii). Although R.kaznowskii has a unique combination of features, it can be potentially mistaken for R.gothicus . It differs from the latter species in many aspects, including: pruinose primocanes, denser indumentum of the abaxial leaf surface, and more curved prickles on the petiole. R.kaznowskii has mainly been observed on rusty soils, in habitats of mixed coniferous and mixed broadleaf forests, usually in sunny places, along forest margins and roads, in clearings and roadside thickets., (Piotr Kosiński, Tomasz Maliński, Marcin Nobis, Magdalena Rojek-Jelonek, Dominik Tomaszewski, Monika Dering, Jerzy Zieliński.)

In Nepal the Stipeae consists of six genera: Achnatherum , Orthoraphium , Piptatherum , Ptilagrostis , Stipa , Trikeraia , and 15 species. Two new combinations, Ptilagrostis duthiei (Hook. f.) M.Nobis & P.D.Gudkova and Achnatherum staintonii (Bor) M.Nobis & P.D.Gudkova, are proposed, and new country records for Stipa klimesii , Ptilagrostis dichotoma , Ptilagrostis concinna and Achnatherum jacquemontii are reported. The records of Stipa roborowskyi , S. przewalskyi , S. capillata , S. consanguinea , S. mongholica , and S. sibirica , previously thought to occur in Nepal were based on misidentifications, and these have been excluded from the list of Nepalese Stipeae. We present keys for the identification of genera and species, and a checklist including information on nomenclatural types, regional and national distribution, and habitat. A lectotype is designated for Stipa brandisii Mez.

Based on numerical analyses of macromorphological characters, scanning electron microscopy observation of leaves and lemma micromorphology, as well as field observations, Stipa pennata subsp. ceynowae was described here as a new taxon from Poland. It differs from the most similar S. pennata subsp. pennata and S. borysthenica mainly by its longer ligules of vegetative shoots. The affinities of this taxon are discussed and a morphological comparison with related species is provided. Illustrations and images of the micromorphological structures, as well as information about its distribution, habitat and conservation status are given.