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We discuss spin excitations in a degenerate 2D electron gas in a perpendicular quantizing magnetic field: spin-wave and ‘Goldstone’ excitons in a quantum Hall ferromagnetic (filling factor ν = 1), and spin-cyclotron excitons in a quantum Hall insulator (ν = 2). The latter exhibit record-setting long lifetimes, up to 1 ms, owing to which a transition to a basically new collective state, a magnetofermionic condensate, is observable at temperatures T < 1 K. The condensate’s properties may be explained in terms of a coherent state being formed due to the emergence of a dense ensemble of photoexcited long-lived spin-cyclotron excitons obeying Bose statistics in a nonequilibrium system of 2D fermions.

The results of investigations of the laser radiation interaction with low-density foamy materials are presented. When such materials are used as the energy absorber in spherical targets with thermonuclear fuel in the laser-driven fusion (LF) problem, the physics of energy absorption and transfer in these media permits a significant reduction of the number of irradiating laser beams (down to two beams) in the implementation of spherical target compression. Traditional irradiation (direct and indirect) schemes involve the use of a large number (100 – 200) of irradiating beams, which is extremely difficult to realize in a fusion reactor.

Supplementary papers for this conference are available at Chernogolovka 2000: Mesoscopic and strongly correlated electron systems

Radiative recombination of 2D electrons with photoexcited holes in a single GaAlAs–GaAs heterojunction is used to illustrate the possibilities of the magneto-optic approach to the investigation of the ground state of strongly-correlated electrons in the ultraquantum limit. The method is used to determine the Coulomb gaps of quantum liquids and their hierarchy in the fractional quantum Hall effect. Wigner crystallization of 2D electrons is investigated and an analysis of time-resolved recombination spectra is used to reconstruct the phase boundary of the Wigner crystal.

A scientific session of the Physical Sciences Division of the Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) dedicated to the 60th anniversary of the Zavoisky Kazan Physical-Technical Institute of the Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, was held in the Conference Hall of the Zavoisky Kazan Physical-Technical Institute on 19 December 2005. The following reports were presented at the session: (1) Krokhin O N (Lebedev Physics Institute, RAS, Moscow) "50 years of quantum electronics"; (2) Gorbunov A V, Timofeev V B (Institute of Solid State Physics, RAS, Chernogolovka, Moscow region) "Bose condensation of interwell excitons and spatial structure of luminescence in lateral traps"; (3) Chekalin SV(Institute of Spectroscopy, RAS, Troitsk, Moscow region) "The unique femtosecond spectrometric complex as an instrument for ultrafast spectroscopy, femto-chemistry, and nanooptics"; (4) Salikhov K M (Zavoisky Kazan Physical-Technical Institute of the Kazan Scientific Center, RAS) "Time-resolved EPR spectroscopy of nonequilibrium spin systems produced during spin-dependent photophysical and photo-chemical processes in condensed media"; (5) Manenkov A A (Prokhorov General Physics Institute, RAS, Moscow) "The role of electron paramagnetic resonance in the development of quantum electronics: facts and comments"; (6) Smirnov A I (Kapitza Institute for Physical Problems, RAS, Moscow) "Magnetic resonance modes in spin-gap magnets"; (7) Kochelaev B I (Kazan State University) "Evolution of antiferromagnetic cuprates in high-temperature superconductors"; (8) Garifullin I A (Zavoisky Kazan Physical-Technical Institute of the Kazan Scientific Center, RAS) "The superconductor/ferromagnet proximity effect and its potential application in spintronics." The main propositions of O N Krokhin's report were published in Usp. Phys. Nauk 174 1117 (2004) [Phys. Usp. 47 1045 (2004)]. A brief presentation of reports 2 — 6 and 8 is given below. • Bose condensation of interwell excitons and spatial structure of luminescence in lateral traps, A V Gorbunov, V B Timofeev Physics-Uspekhi, 2006, Volume 49, Number 6, Pages 629–634 • The unique femtosecond spectrometric complex as an instrument for ultrafast spectroscopy, femtochemistry, and nanooptics, S V Chekalin Physics-Uspekhi, 2006, Volume 49, Number 6, Pages 634–641 • Time-resolved EPR spectroscopy of nonequilibrium spin systems produced during spin-dependent photophysical and photochemical processes in condensed media, K M Salikhov Physics-Uspekhi, 2006, Volume 49, Number 6, Pages 641–645 • The role of electron paramagnetic resonance in the development of quantum electronics: facts and comments, A A Manenkov Physics-Uspekhi, 2006, Volume 49, Number 6, Pages 645–649 • Magnetic resonance modes in spin-gap magnets, A I Smirnov Physics-Uspekhi, 2006, Volume 49, Number 6, Pages 649–652 • The superconductor/ferromagnet proximity effect and its potential application in spintronics, I A Garifullin Physics-Uspekhi, 2006, Volume 49, Number 6, Pages 652–655

Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS) dedicated to the 60th anniversary of the Zavoisky Kazan Physical-Technical Institute of the Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, was held in the Conference Hall of the Zavoisky Kazan Physical-Technical Institute on 19 December 2005. The following reports were presented at the session: (1) Krokhin O N (Lebedev Physics Institute, RAS, Moscow) ``50 years of quantum electronics''; (2) Gorbunov A V, Timofeev V B (Institute of Solid State Physics, RAS, Chernogolovka, Moscow region) ``Bose condensation of interwell excitons and spatial structure of luminescence in lateral traps''; (3)Chekalin SV (Institute of Spectroscopy, RAS, Troitsk, Moscow region) ``The unique femtosecond spectrometric complex as an instrument for ultrafast spectroscopy, femtochemistry, and nanooptics''; (4) Salikhov K M (Zavoisky Kazan Physical-Technical Institute of the Kazan Scientific Center, RAS) ``Timeresolved EPR spectroscopy of nonequilibrium spin systems produced during spin-dependent photophysical and photochemical processes in condensed media''; (5) Manenkov A A (Prokhorov General Physics Institute, RAS,Moscow) ``The role of electron paramagnetic resonance in the development of quantum electronics: facts and comments''; (6) Smirnov A I (Kapitza Institute for Physical Problems, RAS, Moscow) ``Magnetic resonance modes in spin-gap magnets''; (7) Kochelaev B I (Kazan State University) ``Evolution of antiferromagnetic cuprates in high-temperature superconductors''; (8) Garifullin I A (Zavoisky Kazan Physical-Technical Institute of the Kazan Scientific Center, RAS) ``The superconductor/ferromagnet proximity effect and its potential application in spintronics.'' The main propositions of O N Krokhin's report were published in Usp. Phys. Nauk 174 1117 (2004) [Phys. Usp. 47 1045 (2004)]. A brief presentation of reports 2 ± 6 and 8 is given below. PACS numbers: 03.75.Nt, 71.35. ± y, 78.55. ±m DOI: 10.1070/PU2006v049n06ABEH006043