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I Question: i If the James Webb Space Telescope could be turned to face the Earth, how small an object could it resolve? The JWST is orbiting the Earth and Sun at the second Lagrange point, L2, which is located 1.5 × 10 SP 6 sp km beyond the Earth (so that the Sun, Earth and JWST are in line). Question 2: JWST2 I Question: i How much heat from the Earth is blocked by the Sun and Earth shade of the James Webb Space Telescope?. [Extracted from the article]

What is the probability of a foul ball landing directly in a cup of beer during one baseball game? In order for the ball to land directly in the cup (assuming the cup is in a cup holder), the center of the ball must land within about an inch (2 cm) of the center of the cup aperture. Thus, if the ball hits a seat which has a cup of beer, the probability that it lands in the cup is 3 in SP 2 sp / 900 in SP 2 sp = 3 × 10 SP -3 sp . [Extracted from the article]

And if we had estimated the total of trees more accurately, then we would estimate that 3 × 10 SP 8 sp trees began to bloom today. How many trees began to bloom (flower) today in the U.S.? Question 2: Human energy How much energy does a human use in his/her lifetime?. [Extracted from the article]

( I Thanks to Arav Singh, a REYES student from Arlington, Virginia for suggesting the question. i ) I Answer: i To estimate this we can either estimate the light output of a bulb (typically about 10 SP 3 sp lumens for a 75 or 100 W equivalent bulb) and the energy content of a photon and then figure out (or look up) the conversion factors, or we can estimate the energy input, the bulb efficiency, and the photon energy content. I Question: i How many visible photons per second does a light bulb emit? Light bulbs I Question: i How much does the U.S. spend on residential light bulbs (both the bulbs and the electricity) every year?. [Extracted from the article]

I Question: i In 2003, the "Dinosaur-Killer" asteroid crater was imaged for the first time (see I National Geographic News i , March 7, 2003). What was the kinetic energy of the asteroid that made that crater? I Answer: i When an asteroid hits the Earth, it transfers thermal and kinetic energy to the ground. [Extracted from the article]

In 2003, the "Dinosaur Killer" asteroid crater was imaged for the first time (see I National Geographic News i , March 7, 2003). What was the kinetic energy of the asteroid that made that crater?. [Extracted from the article]

I Question: i How much wrapping paper is used in the U.S. every year? I Answer: i To answer this question, we need to estimate the average number of presents received per person and the average area of each present. The size of each present ranges from a jewelry box (with about 100 cm SP 2 sp = 10 SP -2 sp m SP 2 sp surface area) to a large toy (with a few square meters surface area), giving a geometric mean of 10 SP -1 sp m SP 2 sp per present. [Extracted from the article]

Question 2: Dog hair How much dog hair is shed (and subsequently vacuumed) in the U.S. each year? How many ketchup packets are used in America every year?. [Extracted from the article]

How much wrapping paper is used in the U.S. every year? For more Fermi questions and answers, see I Guesstimation 2.0: Solving Today's Problems on the Back of a Napkin i , by Lawrence Weinstein (Princeton University Press, 2012). [Extracted from the article]

Question 2: Longbow arrow velocity Arrows from English longbows could penetrate plate armor. A longbow arrow was about 1 yard (1 m) long with a diameter more than 2 and less than 20 mm, so we will take the geometric mean and estimate 6 mm (1/4 in). [Extracted from the article]

What is the velocity of an arrow shot from an English longbow? Question 2: Longbow arrow velocity Arrows from English longbows could penetrate plate armor. [Extracted from the article]

I Answer: i To estimate this, we need to estimate the number of recycled contact lenses, the weight of each contact lens, and the weight of the recycling bin. Question 2: Recycling contact lenses I Question: i My eye doctor now has a special bin to recycle contact lenses. [Extracted from the article]

For more Fermi questions and answers, see I Guesstimation 2.0: Solving Today's Problems on the Back of a Napkin, i by Lawrence Weinstein (Princeton University Press, 2012). Question 2: Recycling contact lenses My eye doctor now has a special bin to recycle contact lenses. [Extracted from the article]

How many chess moves are made by Americans each year? Question 2: Cat litter How much cat litter did Americans scoop last year?. [Extracted from the article]

My two cats produce somewhere between 8 and 16 oz of litter daily, so this is a pretty good estimate (this is an eyeball estimate, since I have no interest in measuring cat litter). Question 2: Cat litter How much cat litter did Americans scoop last year? I Answer: i To estimate this we need to estimate the number of households, the fraction of households with cats, the number of cats per household, and the amount of litter produced per cat. [Extracted from the article]

At what speed will a car flip over when it slides side-ways into a curb? The angular momentum of the car will depend on its initial speed, the height of the curb, and the height of the center-of-mass (CM) of the car. If we approximate the car as having all its mass located at its CM, then its initial angular momentum relative to the top of the curb is. [Extracted from the article]

How much more electrical energy will the United States need to generate if everyone drives electric cars? B I Answer: i b If we all switch from gasoline-fueled to electricity-fueled cars, then we will need to generate more electrical energy. Thus, if we replace all of our gasoline-fueled cars with electricity-fueled cars, we will need to generate about 30% more electrical energy. [Extracted from the article]

How much weight would you lose climbing stairs every day (assuming that neither diet nor metabolism changes in response to the extra effort)? The California Assembly voted to ban single-use hotel shampoo bottles. Thus our 6000 tons of shampoo bottles amounts to 30 parts per million of our total trash. [Extracted from the article]

The article presents answers to question related to listening to graduation speeches and what fan propulsion would be needed to cross a frozen lake.

The article presents two questions and answers related to fermi which include injury of a celebrity colliding with a goose in the Apollo's Chariot roller coaster; and cost to purchase the contents of local large supermarket.

The article presents two questions and answers including a decrease in highway gas mileage in heavy rain and the initial velocity of a bullet in case the propellant in its cartridge exploded outside of a gun.

Popping many pimples I Question: i How many American pimples erupted yesterday? Therefore we will estimate that the average person has pimples for more than one year and less then 10, giving our estimate as the geometric mean, or three years. [Extracted from the article]

( I Thanks to Bob Friedhoffer for suggesting the problem. i ) Question 2: Popping many pimples How many American pimples erupted yesterday? How much would sea levels rise if everyone jumped in the ocean?. [Extracted from the article]

If we think really hard for a long period of time, the brain would use more energy (at least a factor of 1), but not insanely more energy (less than a factor of 100), so we will estimate 10 times more energy. I Answer: i To estimate this, we can estimate the fraction of our energy intake (i.e., calories) used by the brain, and how much more energy would be needed if we think really hard for a long time (e.g., like a chess player). How much gold is in a cell phone?. [Extracted from the article]

We'll assume that balls are more popular than frisbees, so that the frisbee throwers were more than 1% and less than 100% of the total, giving an estimate of 10%. I Question: i The record for a standing high jump (jumping from the ground to a platform of height I h i ), is 67 in. How much force did the athlete exert during his jump? Now let's break this problem down further, into the fraction of dog owners/dog combos energetic enough to throw a ball or a frisbee, and the fraction of those who threw a frisbee, rather than a ball. [Extracted from the article]

The record for a standing high jump (jumping from the ground to a platform of height I h i ) is 67 in. How much force did the athlete exert during his jump? ( I Thanks to Rocco Lapenta for inspiring this question. i ) Question 2: Frisbee dogs How many dogs jumped to catch a frisbee yesterday?. [Extracted from the article]

( I Thanks to Radiolab for suggesting the question. i ) Question 2: Human energy How much energy does a human use in his/her lifetime? How many trees began to bloom (flower) today in the U.S.?. [Extracted from the article]

How much total space did we save by switching to flat screen TVs and monitors? ( I Thanks to Jalopnik via Robert Friedhoffer for suggesting the question. i ) Question 2: Volleyball travel How far does a volleyball travel during a typical volleyball game?. [Extracted from the article]

How many visible photons per second does a light bulb emit? ( I Thanks to Arav Singh, a REYES student from Arlington, VA, for suggesting the question. i ) Question 2: Light bulbs How much does the U.S. spend on residential light bulbs (both the bulbs and the electricity) every year?. [Extracted from the article]

How many times is a basketball dribbled (bounced off the floor) during a basketball game? I Question 2: Honeybee fuel How much nectar does a honeybee need to consume in order to fly for one hour?. [Extracted from the article]

How much snow is shoveled or plowed in the U.S. in a typical winter? In the areas where it snows, the average snowfall is more than 0.1 m (4 in) and less than 10 m (30 ft), so we will take the geometric mean and estimate 1 m. Since snow only falls on about half of this area, the total volume of plowed snow will be. [Extracted from the article]

How much snow is shoveled or plowed in the U.S. in a typical winter? How much food is wasted at school cafeterias every year in the U.S.? For more Fermi questions and answers, see I Guesstimation 2.0: Solving Today's Problems on the Back of a Napkin i , by Lawrence Weinstein (Princeton University Press, 2012). [Extracted from the article]

The article presents two questions and answers related to fermi which include mass lost by Sun over its lifetime, and size of satellite to provide as much illumination as a full moon.

The article presents questions and answers regarding the impact of gravity on the positioning of the clock's pendulum.

Consider mass, area, power, and food requirements. For more Fermi questions and answers, see I Guesstimation 2.0: Solving Today's Problems on the Back of a Napkin i , by Lawrence Weinstein (Princeton University Press, 2012). [Extracted from the article]

How much more electrical energy will the United States need to generate if everyone drives electric cars? How much chicken excrement is produced in the United States every year?. [Extracted from the article]

How much water can you boil with the energy stored in a cell phone battery? I Answer: i We need to estimate the energy stored in a cell phone battery and the energy needed to boil water. Thus, gasoline energy and electrical energy cost about the same and the energy cost for a cell phone for one year is incredibly cheap. [Extracted from the article]

How much water can you boil with the energy stored in a cell phone battery? How much does the electrical energy for a cell phone cost each year?. [Extracted from the article]

How much extra gasoline does it cost to carpool, i.e., to carry another passenger? For more Fermi questions and answers, see I Guesstimation 2.0: Solving Today's Problems on the Back of a Napkin i , by Lawrence Weinstein (Princeton University Press, 2012). [Extracted from the article]

How much weight would you lose climbing stairs every day (assuming that neither diet nor metabolism changes in response to the extra effort)? The California Assembly voted to ban single-use hotel shampoo bottles. [Extracted from the article]

The article presents questions and answers concerning the maximum power that a coal-power steam engine can attain and the number of geckos needed to lift a glass window pane and a plate-glass window.

A quiz is presented about the maximum power of steam engines and the number of geckos needed to apply enough force to lift a typical glass window pane.

The article presents two questions on topics including calculation of highway gas mileage decrease in heavy rain and initial velocity of a bullet in case the propellant in its cartridge exploded outside of a gun.

The article presents questions related to fermi which include mass lost by Sun over its lifetime; and size of artificial satellite needed to provide as much illumination as a full moon.

The article presents questions and answers related to physics estimations including the amount of kale needed to provide the right amount of calories in a year, and the angular momentum of Hurricane Florence.

A quiz concerning the amount of kale needed to provide calories for a person in a year.