444 results on '"Limit (mathematics)"'
Search Results
2. New insight on the quark condensate beyond the chiral limit
- Author
-
Zhan Bai, Fei Gao, Ling-feng Chen, and Yu-xin Liu
- Subjects
Condensed Matter::Quantum Gases ,Quark ,Physics ,Current quark ,Particle physics ,Current (mathematics) ,Nuclear Theory ,High Energy Physics::Lattice ,High Energy Physics::Phenomenology ,Hadron ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Boundary (topology) ,Function (mathematics) ,Critical mass (software engineering) ,Nuclear Theory (nucl-th) ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph) ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,Limit (mathematics) - Abstract
With analyzing the mass function obtained by solving Dyson-Schwinger Equations, we propose a cut-off independent definition of quark condensate beyond chiral limit. With this well-defined condensate, we then analyze the evolution of the condensate and its susceptibility with the current quark mass. The susceptibility shows a critical mass in the neighborhood of the s-quark current mass, which defines a transition boundary for internal hadron dynamics., 7 pages, 5 figures
- Published
- 2021
3. Four-dimensional spinfoam quantum gravity with a cosmological constant: Finiteness and semiclassical limit
- Author
-
Muxin Han
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory ,Physics ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Semiclassical physics ,Geometric Topology (math.GT) ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc) ,Cosmological constant ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ,Mathematics - Geometric Topology ,High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th) ,FOS: Mathematics ,Quantum gravity ,Limit (mathematics) ,Mathematical physics - Abstract
We present an improved formulation of 4-dimensional Lorentzian spinfoam quantum gravity with cosmological constant. The construction of spinfoam amplitudes uses the state-integral model of PSL(2,$\mathbb{C}$) Chern-Simons theory and the implementation of simplicity constraint. The formulation has 2 key features: (1) spinfoam amplitudes are all finite, and (2) With suitable boundary data, the semiclassical asymptotics of the vertex amplitude has two oscillatory terms, with phase plus or minus the 4-dimensional Lorentzian Regge action with cosmological constant for the constant curvature 4-simplex., 25 pages, 8 figures
- Published
- 2021
4. Teukolsky master equation and Painlevé transcendents: Numerics and extremal limit
- Author
-
Bruno Carneiro da Cunha and João Paulo Cavalcante
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory ,Physics ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ,Nonlinear Sciences::Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems ,Master equation ,Painlevé transcendents ,Limit (mathematics) ,Mathematical physics - Abstract
We conduct an analysis of the quasi-normal modes for generic spin perturbations of the Kerr black hole using the isomonodromic method. The strategy consists of solving the Riemann-Hilbert map relating the accessory parameters of the differential equations involved to monodromy properties of the solutions, using the $\tau$-function for the Painlev\'e V transcendent. We show good accordance of the method with the literature for generic rotation parameter $a, Comment: REVTeX 4.2, 17 pages, 7 figures; version 2 with added references and better control of the Stokes phenomenon in the numerical calculations. Results now agree within machine precision to the method of choice when they are both applicable
- Published
- 2021
5. Spherically symmetric black holes in metric gravity
- Author
-
Daniel R. Terno and Sebastian Murk
- Subjects
Physics ,Gravity (chemistry) ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,General relativity ,FOS: Physical sciences ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc) ,01 natural sciences ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ,Gravitation ,Theoretical physics ,Consistency (statistics) ,Apparent horizon ,0103 physical sciences ,Metric (mathematics) ,Limit (mathematics) ,Circular symmetry ,010306 general physics - Abstract
The existence of black holes is one of the key predictions of general relativity (GR) and therefore a basic consistency test for modified theories of gravity. In the case of spherical symmetry in GR the existence of an apparent horizon and its regularity is consistent with only two distinct classes of physical black holes. Here we derive constraints that any self-consistent modified theory of gravity must satisfy to be compatible with their existence. We analyze their properties and illustrate characteristic features using the Starobinsky model. Both of the GR solutions can be regarded as zeroth-order terms in perturbative solutions of this model. We also show how to construct nonperturbative solutions without a well-defined GR limit., 13 pages. Published version. Comments welcome!
- Published
- 2021
6. Statistics of limit root bundles relevant for exact matter spectra of F-theory MSSMs
- Author
-
Muyang Liu, Martin Bies, and Mirjam Cvetič
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory ,Physics ,High Energy Physics::Phenomenology ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Polytope ,Coupling (probability) ,Upper and lower bounds ,Spectral line ,F-theory ,Base (group theory) ,Combinatorics ,Mathematics - Algebraic Geometry ,High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th) ,FOS: Mathematics ,Limit (mathematics) ,Algebraic Geometry (math.AG) - Abstract
In the largest, currently known, class of one Quadrillion globally consistent F-theory Standard Models with gauge coupling unification and no chiral exotics, the vector-like spectra are counted by cohomologies of root bundles. In this work, we apply a previously proposed method to identify toric base 3-folds, which are promising to establish F-theory Standard Models with exactly three quark-doublets and no vector-like exotics in this representation. The base spaces in question are obtained from triangulations of 708 polytopes. By studying root bundles on the quark doublet curve $C_{(\mathbf{3},\mathbf{2})_{1/6}}$ and employing well-known results about desingularizations of toric K3-surfaces, we derive a \emph{triangulation independent lower bound} $\check{N}_P^{(3)}$ for the number $N_P^{(3)}$ of root bundles on $C_{(\mathbf{3},\mathbf{2})_{1/6}}$ with exactly three sections. The ratio $\check{N}_P^{(3)} / N_P$, where $N_P$ is the total number of roots on $C_{(\mathbf{3},\mathbf{2})_{1/6}}$, is largest for base spaces associated with triangulations of the 8-th 3-dimensional polytope $\Delta^\circ_8$ in the Kreuzer-Skarke list. For each of these $\mathcal{O}( 10^{15} )$ 3-folds, we expect that many root bundles on $C_{(\mathbf{3},\mathbf{2})_{1/6}}$ are induced from F-theory gauge potentials and that at least every 3000th root on $C_{(\mathbf{3},\mathbf{2})_{1/6}}$ has exactly three global sections and thus no exotic vector-like quark-doublet modes., Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures and 2 tables
- Published
- 2021
7. Three-particle finite-volume formalism for π+π+K+ and related systems
- Author
-
Tyler D. Blanton and Stephen R. Sharpe
- Subjects
Scattering amplitude ,Physics ,Projection (relational algebra) ,Finite volume method ,Spectrum (functional analysis) ,Effective field theory ,Particle ,Limit (mathematics) ,Identical particles ,Mathematical physics - Abstract
We consider three-particle systems consisting of two identical particles and a third that is different, with all being spinless. Examples include ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}{K}^{+}$ and ${K}^{+}{K}^{+}{\ensuremath{\pi}}^{+}$. We derive the formalism necessary to extract two- and three-particle infinite-volume scattering amplitudes from the spectrum of such systems in finite volume. We use a relativistic formalism based on an all-orders diagrammatic analysis in generic effective field theory, adopting the methodology used recently to study the case of three nondegenerate particles. We present both a direct derivation, and also a cross-check based on an appropriate limit and projection of the fully nondegenerate formalism. We also work out the threshold expansions for the three-particle K matrix that will be needed in practical applications, both for systems with two identical particles plus a third, and also for the fully nondegenerate theory.
- Published
- 2021
8. Chiral lattice fermions from staggered fields
- Author
-
Simon Catterall
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory ,Physics ,Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el) ,Continuum (topology) ,High Energy Physics::Lattice ,High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat) ,Mass generation ,Yukawa potential ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Parity (physics) ,Fermion ,Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons ,Theoretical physics ,High Energy Physics - Lattice ,High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th) ,Lattice (order) ,Homogeneous space ,Limit (mathematics) - Abstract
We describe a proposal for constructing a lattice theory that we argue may be capable of yielding free Weyl fermions in the continuum limit. The model employs reduced staggered fermions and uses site parity dependent Yukawa interactions of Fidkowski-Kitaev type to gap a subset of the lattice fermions without breaking symmetries. The possibility for such symmetric mass generation is tied to the cancellation of certain discrete anomalies arising in the continuum limit. The latter place strong constraints on the number of lattice fermions -- constraints that are satisfied by this model. We present numerical results for the model in two dimensions which support this sc, 10 pages. 8 figures. Changes to text and figures added. Version to be published in PRD
- Published
- 2021
9. Instanton solution for Schwinger production of ’t Hooft-Polyakov monopoles
- Author
-
David L.-J. Ho, Arttu Rajantie, and Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory ,Instanton ,PAIR PRODUCTION ,High Energy Physics::Lattice ,Computation ,Lattice field theory ,Magnetic monopole ,FOS: Physical sciences ,hep-lat ,Astronomy & Astrophysics ,01 natural sciences ,Physics, Particles & Fields ,High Energy Physics::Theory ,High Energy Physics - Lattice ,MAGNETIC MONOPOLES ,QUANTUM-FIELD THEORY ,0103 physical sciences ,Limit (mathematics) ,010306 general physics ,Critical field ,Mathematical physics ,Physics ,Science & Technology ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,hep-th ,High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat) ,High Energy Physics::Phenomenology ,Magnetic field ,Pair production ,High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th) ,Physical Sciences ,WEAK - Abstract
We present the results of an explicit numerical computation of a novel instanton in Georgi-Glashow SU(2) theory. The instanton is physically relevant as a mediator of Schwinger production of 't Hooft-Polyakov magnetic monopoles from strong magnetic fields. In weak fields, the pair production rate has previously been computed using the worldline approximation, which breaks down in strong fields due to the effects of finite monopole size. Using lattice field theory we have overcome this limit, including finite monopole size effects to all orders. We demonstrate that a full consideration of the internal monopole structure results in an enhancement to the pair production rate, and confirm earlier results that monopole production becomes classical at the Ambjorn-Olesen critical field strength., 9 pages, 4 figures; corrected sign error in Eq. (2)
- Published
- 2021
10. Strengthening the bound on the mass of the lightest neutrino with terrestrial and cosmological experiments
- Author
-
Pat Scott, Selim C. Hotinli, Tomás E. Gonzalo, Sanjay Bloor, Cullan Howlett, Aaron C. Vincent, Csaba Balázs, Janina J. Renk, Martin White, Will Handley, Felix Kahlhoefer, Patrick Stöcker, and Torsten Bringmann
- Subjects
Physics ,Particle physics ,Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO) ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,High Energy Physics::Phenomenology ,Degrees of freedom ,FOS: Physical sciences ,01 natural sciences ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph) ,13. Climate action ,Robustness (computer science) ,0103 physical sciences ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,Limit (mathematics) ,Neutrino ,010306 general physics ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
We determine the upper limit on the mass of the lightest neutrino from the most robust recent cosmological and terrestrial data. Marginalizing over possible effective relativistic degrees of freedom at early times ($N_\mathrm{eff}$) and assuming normal mass ordering, the mass of the lightest neutrino is less than 0.037 eV at 95% confidence; with inverted ordering, the bound is 0.042 eV. These results improve upon the strength and robustness of other recent limits and constrain the mass of the lightest neutrino to be barely larger than the largest mass splitting. We show the impacts of realistic mass models, and different sources of $N_\mathrm{eff}$., 5 pages, 2 figures + Appendix. Full dataset available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4005381 (v3: Matches version published in PRD)
- Published
- 2021
11. SL(2,R) Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten spin-chain σ -model
- Author
-
Roberto Ruiz
- Subjects
Physics ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Semiclassical physics ,Interval (mathematics) ,Coupling (probability) ,01 natural sciences ,Action (physics) ,High Energy Physics::Theory ,0103 physical sciences ,Path integral formulation ,Coherent states ,Limit (mathematics) ,010306 general physics ,Effective action ,Mathematical physics - Abstract
The $\mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb{R})$ Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten model realizes bosonic-string theory in ${\mathrm{AdS}}_{3}$ with pure Neveu-Schwarz-Neveu-Schwarz flux. We construct an effective action in the semiclassical limit of the model, which corresponds to a $\mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb{R})$ spin-chain $\ensuremath{\sigma}$-model. We adopt two complementary points of view. First, we consider the classical action. We identify fast and slow target-space coordinates. We impose a gauge-fixing condition to the former. By expanding the gauge-fixed action in an effective coupling, we obtain the effective action for the slow coordinates. Second, we consider the spin chain of the model. We postulate a set of coherent states to express a transition amplitude in the spin chain as a path integral. We observe that the temporal interval is discretized in terms of the step length of the spatial interval. This relationship implies that the Landau-Lifshitz limit of the spin chain involves both intervals. The limit yields a semiclassical path integral over coherent states, wherein we identify the effective action again.
- Published
- 2021
12. Second-order perturbations of Kerr black holes: Formalism and reconstruction of the first-order metric
- Author
-
Nicholas Loutrel, Justin L. Ripley, Elena Giorgi, and Frans Pretorius
- Subjects
Physics ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ,Nonlinear system ,Binary black hole ,Rotating black hole ,Gravitational wave ,Formalism (philosophy) ,Metric (mathematics) ,Perturbation (astronomy) ,Limit (mathematics) ,Mathematical physics - Abstract
Motivated by gravitational wave observations of binary black hole mergers, we present a procedure to compute the leading-order nonlinear gravitational wave interactions around a Kerr black hole. We describe the formalism used to derive the equations for second-order perturbations. We develop a procedure that allows us to reconstruct the first-order metric perturbation solely from knowledge of the solution to the first-order Teukolsky equation, without the need of Hertz potentials. Finally, we illustrate this metric reconstruction procedure in the asymptotic limit for the first-order quasinormal modes of Kerr. In a companion paper [J. L. Ripley et al., Phys. Rev. D 103, 104018 (2021)] we present a numerical implementation of these ideas.
- Published
- 2021
13. Constraints on the antistar fraction in the Solar System neighborhood from the 10-year Fermi Large Area Telescope gamma-ray source catalog
- Author
-
Luigi Tibaldo, Peter von Ballmoos, Simon Dupourqué, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
velocity ,[PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE] ,Physics::General Physics ,Solar System ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Milky Way ,FOS: Physical sciences ,parametric ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,Astrophysics ,antinucleus ,01 natural sciences ,GLAST ,law.invention ,Telescope ,galaxy: halo ,star ,law ,propagation ,0103 physical sciences ,antimatter ,gamma ray: detector ,cloud ,Mathematics::Metric Geometry ,Limit (mathematics) ,baryon antibaryon: annihilation ,010306 general physics ,matter: density ,Monte Carlo ,Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics ,High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE) ,Physics ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,nucleus ,Gamma ray ,solar system ,sensitivity ,Stars ,cosmic radiation ,13. Climate action ,Antimatter ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] ,Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope - Abstract
It is generally taken for granted that our Universe is free of antimatter objects and domains. This certitude has recently been challenged by the possible detection of anti-helium nuclei by AMS-02. Should the observation be confirmed, the existence of nearby antistars would make a plausible hypothesis to explain the origin of the antinuclei. In this paper we use the 10-years Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) gamma-ray source catalog to set constraints on the abundance of antistars around the Sun. We identify in the catalog 14 antistar candidates not associated with any objects belonging to established gamma-ray source classes and with a spectrum compatible with baryon-antibaryon annihilation. We use them along with an estimate of the LAT sensitivity to antistars to set upper limits on the local antistar fraction $f_{\bar{\ast}}$ with respect to normal stars. We provide parametric limits as a function of the closest antistar mass, velocity, and surrounding matter density. We also employ a novel Monte~Carlo method to set limits for a few hypotheses about the antistar population. For a population with properties equivalent to those of regular stars concentrated in the Galactic disk we obtain $f_{\bar{\ast}} < 2.5 \times 10^{-6}$ at 95\% confidence level, which is 20 times more constraining than limits previously available. For a primordial population of antistars distributed in the Galactic halo we obtain new local upper limits which decrease as a function of antistar mass $M$ from $f_{\bar{\ast}} < 0.2$ at 95\% confidence level for $M = 1 \; M_\odot$ to $f_{\bar{\ast}} < 1.6 \times 10^{-4}$ at 95\% confidence level for $M = 10 \; M_\odot$. By combining these limits with existing microlensing constraints for lighter objects in the Magellanic clouds, we infer that a primordial population of halo antistars must have a density lower than $\mathcal{O}(10^{-5}\;\text{pc}^{-3})$ to $\mathcal{O}(10^{-2}\;\text{pc}^{-3})$ depending on their masses. Our limits can constrain models for the origin and propagation of antinuclei in cosmic rays., Physical Review D, American Physical Society, 2021
- Published
- 2021
14. Relation between varying fine structure constant and cosmological components
- Author
-
Gexing Li and Zhihong Li
- Subjects
Physics ,Age of the universe ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Cosmic microwave background ,Isotropy ,Fine-structure constant ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,01 natural sciences ,Atomic clock ,Universe ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ,Big Bang nucleosynthesis ,0103 physical sciences ,Limit (mathematics) ,010306 general physics ,Mathematical physics ,media_common - Abstract
We propose a simple model based on the assumption that the varying fine structure constant $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ is an effect of the cosmological expansion to investigate the relation between the varying $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ and the cosmological components. For a spatially flat, homogeneous, and isotropic universe, the current proportion of cosmological components and age of the universe predicted by the model are consistent with the cosmological observations. Furthermore, the predicted current variation rate of $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ is also close to the atomic clock measurements. For the early universe, we predict a very strict constraint, which is compatible with the upper limit given by the investigations of cosmic microwave background and big bang nucleosynthesis.
- Published
- 2021
15. Medium evolution of a static quark-antiquark pair in the large Nc limit
- Author
-
Miguel Ángel Escobedo
- Subjects
Quantum chromodynamics ,Quark ,Physics ,Particle physics ,Nuclear Theory ,Field (physics) ,Octet ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,High Energy Physics::Lattice ,High Energy Physics::Phenomenology ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Plasma ,Lattice QCD ,Quarkonium ,01 natural sciences ,Nuclear Theory (nucl-th) ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph) ,0103 physical sciences ,Limit (mathematics) ,010306 general physics - Abstract
We study the transitions between the different color states of a static quark-antiquark pair, singlet and octet, in a thermal medium. This is done non-perturbatively exploiting the infinite mass limit of QCD. This study is interesting because it can be used for future developments within the framework of Effective Field Theories (EFTs) and because it can be combined with other techniques, like lattice QCD or AdS/CFT, to gain non-perturbative information about the evolution of quarkonium in a medium. We also study the obtained expressions in the large $N_{c}$ limit. This allows us to learn lessons that are useful to simplify phenomenological models of quarkonium in a plasma., 32 pages, 14 figures. Matches published version
- Published
- 2021
16. Free energy for deformed Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity
- Author
-
Ghadir Jafari, Amin Faraji Astaneh, Mohsen Alishahiha, Behrad Taghavi, and Ali Naseh
- Subjects
Physics ,Gravity (chemistry) ,Partition function (statistical mechanics) ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,01 natural sciences ,Hermitian matrix ,Jackiw–Teitelboim gravity ,0103 physical sciences ,Limit (mathematics) ,010306 general physics ,Random matrix ,Replica trick ,Energy (signal processing) ,Mathematical physics - Abstract
In this paper, we study a particular deformation of the Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity recently considered by Maxfield, Turiaci, and independently by Witten. We will compute the partition function of this model as well as its higher order correlators to all orders in genus expansion in the low temperature limit for small perturbations. In this limit, the results match with those obtained from the Airy limit of a Hermitian random matrix ensemble. Using this result, we will also study the free energy of the model. One observes that although the annealed free energy has pathological behaviors, under certain assumptions, the quenched free energy evaluated by replica trick exhibits the desired properties at low temperatures.
- Published
- 2021
17. Broken covariance of particle detector models in relativistic quantum information
- Author
-
Bruno de S. L. Torres, Eduardo Martín-Martínez, T. Rick Perche, University of Waterloo, Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Univ Waterloo, Perimeter Inst Theoret Phys, and Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory ,Physics ,Quantum Physics ,Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Detector ,FOS: Physical sciences ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc) ,Covariance ,01 natural sciences ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ,Particle detector ,High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th) ,0103 physical sciences ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,Covariant transformation ,Limit (mathematics) ,Statistical physics ,Quantum field theory ,Quantum information ,Quantum Physics (quant-ph) ,010306 general physics ,Quantum - Abstract
We show that the predictions of spatially smeared particle detectors coupled to quantum fields are not generally covariant outside the pointlike limit. This lack of covariance manifests itself as an ambiguity in the time-ordering operation. We analyze how the breakdown of covariance affects typical detector models in quantum field theory such as the Unruh-DeWitt model. Specifically, we show how the violations of covariance depend on the state of the detectors-field system, the shape and state of motion of the detectors, and the spacetime geometry. Furthermore, we provide the tools to explicitly evaluate the magnitude of the violation, and identify the regimes where the predictions of smeared detectors are either exactly or approximately covariant in perturbative analyses., Comment: 12 pages. RevTeX 4.1. V2. Corrected minor typos
- Published
- 2021
18. Existence and construction of exact functional-renormalization-group flows of a UV-interacting scalar field theory
- Author
-
Jobst Ziebell
- Subjects
Physics ,Scalar field theory ,Bounded function ,Scalar (mathematics) ,Functional renormalization group ,Limit (mathematics) ,Boundary value problem ,Function (mathematics) ,Ansatz ,Mathematical physics - Abstract
We prove the existence and give a construction procedure of Euclidean-invariant exact solutions to the Wetterich equation [Phys. Lett. B 301, 90 (1993)] in d>2 dimensions satisfying the naive boundary condition of a massive and interacting real scalar ϕ4 theory in the ultraviolet limit as well as a generalized free theory in the infrared limit. The construction produces the momentum-dependent correlation functions to all orders through an iterative scheme, based on a self-consistent ansatz for the four-point function. The resulting correlators are bounded at all regulator scales, and we determine explicit bounds capturing the asymptotics in the UV and IR limits. Furthermore, the given construction principle may be extended to other systems and might become useful in the study of general properties of exact solutions.
- Published
- 2021
19. Stable bound orbits in black lens backgrounds
- Author
-
Shinya Tomizawa and Takahisa Igata
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory ,Physics ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,media_common.quotation_subject ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Lens (geology) ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc) ,01 natural sciences ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ,Massless particle ,High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th) ,Quantum mechanics ,0103 physical sciences ,Contrast (vision) ,Limit (mathematics) ,Circular orbit ,010306 general physics ,media_common - Abstract
In contrast to five-dimensional Schwarzschild-Tangherlini and Myers-Perry backgrounds, we show that there are stable bound orbits of massive/massless particles in five-dimensional black lens backgrounds, in particular, the supersymmetric black lens with $L(2,1)$ and $L(3,1)$ topologies. We also show that in the zero-energy limit of massless particles, there exist stable circular orbits on the evanescent ergosurfaces., 25 pages, 24 figures
- Published
- 2020
20. θdependence in the small-Nlimit of2dCPN−1models
- Author
-
Claudio Bonanno, Massimo D'Elia, and Mario Berni
- Subjects
Physics ,Instanton ,Extrapolation ,Conclusive evidence ,Limit (mathematics) ,Continuum (set theory) ,Mathematical physics - Abstract
We present a systematic numerical study of $\ensuremath{\theta}$ dependence around $\ensuremath{\theta}=0$ in the small-$N$ limit of $2d$ $C{P}^{N\ensuremath{-}1}$ models, aimed at clarifying the possible presence of a divergent topological susceptibility in the continuum limit. We follow a twofold strategy, based on one side on direct simulations for $N=2$ and $N=3$ on lattices with correlation lengths up to $O({10}^{2})$ and, on the other side, on the small-$N$ extrapolation of results obtained for $N$ up to 9. Based on that, we provide conclusive evidence for a finite topological susceptibility at $N=3$, with a continuum estimate ${\ensuremath{\xi}}^{2}\ensuremath{\chi}=0.110(5)$. On the other hand, results obtained for $N=2$ are still inconclusive: They are consistent with a logarithmically divergent continuum extrapolation but do not yet exclude a finite continuum value, ${\ensuremath{\xi}}^{2}\ensuremath{\chi}\ensuremath{\sim}0.4$, with the divergence taking place for $N$ slightly below 2 in this case. Finally, results obtained for the nonquadratic part of $\ensuremath{\theta}$ dependence, in particular, for the so-called ${b}_{2}$ coefficient, are consistent with a $\ensuremath{\theta}$ dependence, matching that of the dilute instanton gas approximation at the point where ${\ensuremath{\xi}}^{2}\ensuremath{\chi}$ diverges.
- Published
- 2020
21. 1/2 -BPS membrane instantons in AdS4×S7/Zk
- Author
-
Hyeonjoon Shin and Jaemo Park
- Subjects
Physics ,Instanton ,Superstring theory ,Covariant transformation ,Limit (mathematics) ,Action (physics) ,Mathematical physics - Abstract
According to the covariant open superstring description of D-branes in the AdS$_4 \times \mathbf{CP}^3$ background, 1/2-BPS D2-branes are purely instantonic. Based on this and by taking the eleven dimensional viewpoint, we identify the 1/2-BPS instantonic M2-brane configurations in the AdS$_4 \times$ S$^7 / \mathbf{Z}_k$ background, which reduces to the AdS$_4 \times \mathbf{CP}^3$ under the large $k$ limit, and evaluate their action values. We also consider the previously known 1/2-BPS instantonic objects in ten dimensions from the M2-brane viewpoint to compare with our results.
- Published
- 2020
22. Confusing dark matter particle properties with modifications to general relativity
- Author
-
Juan Barranco and Armando A. Roque
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory ,Physics ,Gravity (chemistry) ,Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO) ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,General relativity ,Degenerate energy levels ,Dark matter ,FOS: Physical sciences ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc) ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,Fermion ,01 natural sciences ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ,Gravitation ,Theoretical physics ,Gravitational potential ,High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th) ,0103 physical sciences ,Limit (mathematics) ,010306 general physics ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
Cold Dark Stars made of self-gravitating fermions in the degenerate limit are constructed in General Relativity and in R-square gravity, $f(R)=R+\alpha R^2$. The properties of the resulting Cold Dark Stars in both theories of gravity are studied. It is found that the same gravitational potential is generated for different election of the parameters of the model, such as the mass of the fermion, the self-interacting strength or the value of $\alpha$, thus, a possible confusion in the determination of the dark matter properties and the favored theory of gravity might arise., Comment: Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
- Published
- 2020
23. Probing the post-Minkowskian approximation using recursive addition of self-interactions
- Author
-
Parthasarathi Majumdar, Soumendra Kishore Roy, and Ratna Koley
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory ,Coupling ,Physics ,Physics::General Physics ,Current (mathematics) ,General relativity ,Gravitational wave ,FOS: Physical sciences ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc) ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ,Connection (mathematics) ,Theoretical physics ,High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th) ,Minkowski space ,Limit (mathematics) ,Link (knot theory) - Abstract
We address the problem of deriving the post-Minkowskian approximation, widely used in current gravitational wave literature by investigating a possible deduction out of the recursive N\"other coupling approach, from the Pauli-Fierz spin-2 theory in flat spacetime. We find that this approach yields the post-Minkowskian approximation correctly to the first three orders, without invoking any weak-field limit of general relativity. This connection thus establishes that the post-Minkowskian approximation has a connotation independent of a weak-field expansion of general relativity, which is the manner usually presented in the literature. As a consequence, a link manifests between the recursive N\"other coupling approach to deriving general relativity from a linear spin-2 theory in flat spacetime and theoretical analyses of recent detection of gravitational wave events.
- Published
- 2020
24. Decay of a bound muon into a bound electron
- Author
-
M. Jamil Aslam, Andrzej Czarnecki, Guangpeng Zhang, and Anna Morozova
- Subjects
Physics ,SIMPLE (dark matter experiment) ,Muon ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Component (thermodynamics) ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Function (mathematics) ,Electron ,01 natural sciences ,Nuclear physics ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph) ,0103 physical sciences ,Atom ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,Negative energy ,Limit (mathematics) ,010306 general physics - Abstract
When a muon bound in an atom decays, there is a small probability that the daughter electron remains bound. That probability is evaluated. Surprisingly, a significant part of the rate is contributed by the negative energy component of the wave function, neglected in a previous study. A simple integral representation of the rate is presented. In the limit of close muon and electron masses, an analytic formula is derived.
- Published
- 2020
25. Finite N origin of the Bardeen-Moshe-Bander phenomenon and its extension at N=∞ by singular fixed points
- Author
-
Bertrand Delamotte, Shunsuke Yabunaka, and Claude Fleming
- Subjects
Cusp (singularity) ,Physics ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Plane (geometry) ,Dimension (graph theory) ,Field (mathematics) ,Extension (predicate logic) ,Fixed point ,01 natural sciences ,Combinatorics ,0103 physical sciences ,Line (geometry) ,Limit (mathematics) ,010306 general physics - Abstract
We study the $O(N)$ model in dimension three ($3d$) at large and infinite $N$ and show that the line of fixed points found at $N=\ensuremath{\infty}$---the Bardeen-Moshe-Bander (BMB) line---has an intriguing origin at finite $N$. The large $N$ limit that allows us to find the BMB line must be taken on particular trajectories in the $(d,N)$ plane: $d=3\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\alpha}/N$ and not at fixed dimension $d=3$. Our study also reveals that the known BMB line is only half of the true line of fixed points, the second half being made of singular fixed points. The potentials of these singular fixed points show a cusp for a finite value of the field and their finite $N$ counterparts a boundary layer.
- Published
- 2020
26. One-loop Yang-Mills integrands from scattering equations
- Author
-
Johannes Agerskov, Cristhiam Lopez-Arcos, N. E. J. Bjerrum-Bohr, and Humberto Gomez
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory ,Mathematics::Classical Analysis and ODEs ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Context (language use) ,Yang–Mills existence and mass gap ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc) ,01 natural sciences ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ,Mathematics::Numerical Analysis ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph) ,Quadratic equation ,0103 physical sciences ,Gauge theory ,Limit (mathematics) ,010306 general physics ,AMPLITUDES ,Mathematical physics ,Physics::Computational Physics ,Physics ,Unitarity ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Scattering ,Propagator ,REPRESENTATIONS ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology ,High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th) - Abstract
We investigate in the context of the scattering equations, how one-loop linear propagator integrands in gauge theories can be linked to integrands with quadratic propagators using a double forward limit. We illustrate our procedure through examples and demonstrate how the different parts of the derived quadratic integrand are consistent with cut-integrands derived from four-dimensional generalized unitarity. We also comment on applications and discuss possible further generalizations., 20 pages, 6 figures, typos corrected, added clarifications and comments. Version to be published in PRD
- Published
- 2020
27. SO(2) gauged Skyrmions in 4+1 dimensions
- Author
-
Eugen Radu, D. H. Tchrakian, and Francisco Navarro-Lérida
- Subjects
Physics ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Skyrmion ,Term (logic) ,Gauge (firearms) ,01 natural sciences ,Symmetry (physics) ,High Energy Physics::Theory ,Bounded function ,0103 physical sciences ,Limit (mathematics) ,010306 general physics ,Subspace topology ,Mathematical physics - Abstract
We study the simplest $SO(2)$ gauged $O(5)$ Skyrme model in $4+1$ (flat) dimensions. In the gauge decoupled limit, the model supports topologically stable solitons (Skyrmions) and after gauging, the static energy of the solutions is bounded from below by a ``baryon number.'' The studied model features both Maxwell and Maxwell--Chern-Simons dynamics. The considered configurations are subject to biazimuthal symmetry in the ${\mathbb{R}}^{4}$ subspace resulting in a two dimensional subsystem, as well as subject to an enhanced symmetry relating the two planes in the ${\mathbb{R}}^{4}$ subspace, which results in a one dimensional subsystem. Numerical solutions are constructed in both cases. In the purely magnetic case, fully biazimuthal solutions were given, while electrically charged and spinning solutions were constructed only in the radial (enhanced symmetric) case, both in the presence of a Chern-Simons term, and in its absence. We find that, in contrast with the analogous models in $2+1$ dimensions, the presence of the Chern-Simons term in the model under study here results only in quantitative effects.
- Published
- 2020
28. Noncommutative scalar field in the nonextremal Reissner-Nordström background: Quasinormal mode spectrum
- Author
-
Andjelo Samsarov, Marija Dimitrijević Ćirić, and Nikola Konjik
- Subjects
Physics ,Physics of Elementary Particles and Fields ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Spectrum (functional analysis) ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,NC scalar quasinormal modes ,RN black hole ,WKB ,continued fraction ,01 natural sciences ,Noncommutative geometry ,Black hole ,NATURAL SCIENCES ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ,0103 physical sciences ,Quasinormal mode ,Quantum gravity ,Limit (mathematics) ,Twist ,010306 general physics ,Scalar field ,Mathematical physics - Abstract
In our previous work [M. D. \ifmmode \acute{C}\else \'{C}\fi{}iri\ifmmode \acute{c}\else \'{c}\fi{} et al., Classical Quantum Gravity 35, 175005 (2018)] we constructed a model of a noncommutative, charged, and massive scalar field based on the angular twist. Then we used this model to analyze the motion of the scalar field in the Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole background. In particular, we determined the quasinormal mode (QNM) spectrum analytically in the near-extremal limit. To broaden our analysis, in this paper we apply a well-defined numerical method, the continued fraction method, and calculate the QNM spectrum for a nonextremal Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole. To check the validity of our analytic calculations, we compare results of the continued fraction method in the near extremal limit with the analytic results obtained in the previous paper. We find that the results are in good agreement. For completeness, we also study the QNM spectrum in the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin approximation.
- Published
- 2020
29. Analytic SU(N) Skyrmions at finite baryon density
- Author
-
Pedro D. Alvarez, Fabrizio Canfora, Bianca L. Cerchiai, and Sergio L. Cacciatori
- Subjects
Physics ,Euler angles ,Baryon ,symbols.namesake ,Smoothness (probability theory) ,Skyrmion ,High Energy Physics::Phenomenology ,symbols ,Charge (physics) ,Limit (mathematics) ,Topological quantum number ,Ansatz ,Mathematical physics - Abstract
We construct analytic (3+1)-dimensional Skyrmions living at finite Baryon density in the SU(N) Skyrme model that are not trivial embeddings of SU(2) into SU(N). We used Euler angles decomposition for arbitrary N and the generalized hedgehog Ansatz at finite Baryon density. The Skyrmions of high topological charge that we find represent smooth Baryonic layers whose properties can be computed explicitly. In particular, we determine the energy to Baryon charge ratio for any N showing the smoothness of the large N limit. The closeness to the BPS bound of these configurations can also be analyzed. The energy density profiles of these finite density Skyrmions have \textit{lasagna-like} shape in agreement with recent experimental findings. The shear modulus can be precisely estimated as well and our analytical result is close to recent numerical studies in the literature.
- Published
- 2020
30. Comment on 'Linear superposition of regular black hole solutions of Einstein nonlinear electrodynamics'
- Author
-
Kirill A. Bronnikov
- Subjects
Physics ,General relativity ,Center (category theory) ,FOS: Physical sciences ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc) ,Electric charge ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ,Black hole ,Superposition principle ,Nonlinear system ,symbols.namesake ,Quantum electrodynamics ,symbols ,Limit (mathematics) ,Einstein - Abstract
It is argued that in the paper by A.A. Garcia-Diaz and G. Gutierrez-Cano [Phys. Rev. D 100, 064068 (2019)] on nonlinear electrodynamics coupled to general relativity, along with some interesting results and useful observations, many statements are either inaccurate or incomplete. In particular, the authors only consider solutions with an electric charge, whereas their magnetic counterparts have features of equal interest, both similar to and different from those of electric ones. Moreover, it is not mentioned that in electric solutions with a regular center the Lagrangian function $L(f)$ ($f = F_{\mu\nu} F^{\mu\nu}$) cannot have a Maxwell weak-field limit. The observation on superpositions of regular solutions suffers some inaccuracies. The present Comment tries to fill these and other gaps and to provide necessary corrections., Comment: 4 pages, no figures
- Published
- 2020
31. Bounds on the density of states and the spectral gap in CFT2
- Author
-
Shouvik Ganguly and Sridip Pal
- Subjects
Physics ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Conformal field theory ,01 natural sciences ,Upper and lower bounds ,Abelian and tauberian theorems ,0103 physical sciences ,Density of states ,Spectral gap ,Limit (mathematics) ,Invariant (mathematics) ,010306 general physics ,Central charge ,Mathematical physics - Abstract
We improve the recently discovered upper and lower bounds on the $O(1)$ correction to the Cardy formula for the density of states integrated over an energy window (of width $2\ensuremath{\delta}$), centered at high energy in two-dimensional unitary and modular invariant conformal field theory. We prove optimality of the lower bound for $\ensuremath{\delta}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{1}^{\ensuremath{-}}$. We prove a conjectured upper bound on the asymptotic gap between two consecutive Virasoro primaries for a central charge greater than 1, demonstrating it to be 1. Furthermore, a systematic method is provided to establish a limit on how tight the bound on the $O(1)$ correction to the Cardy formula can be made using bandlimited functions. The techniques and the functions used here are of generic importance whenever the Tauberian theorems are used to estimate some physical quantities.
- Published
- 2020
32. Black holes in the four-dimensional Einstein-Lovelock gravity
- Author
-
Alexander Zhidenko and Roman Konoplya
- Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE) ,High Energy Physics - Theory ,Physics ,Code (set theory) ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,FOS: Physical sciences ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc) ,Cosmological constant ,01 natural sciences ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ,Action (physics) ,Gravitation ,symbols.namesake ,Theory of relativity ,High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th) ,0103 physical sciences ,Metric (mathematics) ,symbols ,Limit (mathematics) ,Einstein ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,010306 general physics ,Mathematical physics - Abstract
A $(3+1)$-dimensional Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory of gravity has been recently formulated in [D. Glavan and C. Lin, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 124}, 081301 (2020)] which is different from the pure Einstein theory, i.e., bypasses the Lovelock's theorem and avoids Ostrogradsky instability. The theory was formulated in $D > 4$ dimensions and its action consists of the Einstein-Hilbert term with a cosmological constant, while the Gauss-Bonnet term multiplied by a factor $1/(D-4)$. Then, the four-dimensional theory is defined as the limit $D \to 4$. Here we generalize this approach to the four-dimensional Einstein-Lovelock theory and formulate the most general static $4D$ black-hole solution allowing for a $\Lambda$-term (either positive or negative) and the electric charge $Q$. As metric functions cannot be found in a closed form in the general case, we develop and share publicly the code which constructs the metric functions for every given set of parameters., Comment: 5 pages, 1 ancillary Mathematica(R) notebook
- Published
- 2020
33. Probing the trilinear Higgs boson self-coupling via single Higgs production at the LHeC
- Author
-
Guohuai Zhu, Bo-Wen Wang, Xiao-Min Shen, Kai Wang, and Ruibo Li
- Subjects
Physics ,Coupling ,Particle physics ,Luminosity (scattering theory) ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,High Energy Physics::Phenomenology ,Electroweak interaction ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Computer Science::Digital Libraries ,01 natural sciences ,Vector boson ,Scattering amplitude ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph) ,0103 physical sciences ,Higgs boson ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,Symmetry breaking ,Limit (mathematics) ,010306 general physics - Abstract
The determination of the Higgs self coupling is one of the key ingredients for understanding the mechanism behind the electroweak symmetry breaking. An indirect method for constraining the Higgs trilinear self coupling via single Higgs production at next-to-leading order (NLO) has been proposed in order to avoid the drawbacks of studies with double Higgs production. In this paper we study the Higgs self interaction through the vector boson fusion (VBF) process $e^{-} p \to \nu_{e} h j$ at the future LHeC. At NLO level, we compute analytically the scattering amplitudes for relevant processes, in particular those induced by the Higgs self interaction. A Monte Carlo simulation and a statistical analysis utilizing the analytic results are then carried out for Higgs production through VBF and decay to $b\bar{b}$, which yield for the trilinear Higgs self-coupling rescaling parameter $\kappa_{\lambda}$ the limit [-0.57, 2.98] with $2~\text{ab}^{-1}$ integrated luminosity. If we assume about 10% of the signal survives the event selection cuts, and include all the background, the constraint will be broadened to [-2.11, 4.63]., Comment: 19 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
- Published
- 2020
34. Schur index of the N=4 U(N) supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory via the AdS/CFT correspondence
- Author
-
Yosuke Imamura, Shota Fujiwara, Tatsuya Mori, and Reona Arai
- Subjects
Physics ,Index (economics) ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Yang–Mills theory ,01 natural sciences ,Contractible space ,High Energy Physics::Theory ,AdS/CFT correspondence ,0103 physical sciences ,Limit (mathematics) ,D-brane ,Gauge theory ,010306 general physics ,Mathematical physics - Abstract
We calculate the Schur index of the $\mathcal{N}=4$ $U(N)$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory with finite $N$ via the AdS/CFT correspondence as the contribution of $\mathrm{D}3$-branes wrapped on contractible cycles in ${\mathbit{S}}^{5}$ on some assumptions motivated by preliminary analyses. As far as we have checked numerically it agrees with the index calculated on the gauge theory side. In a certain limit it reproduces the analytic result given by Bourdier, et al.
- Published
- 2020
35. Merger estimates for Kerr-Sen black holes
- Author
-
Haryanto M. Siahaan
- Subjects
Heterotic string theory ,Physics ,Spins ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Gravitational wave ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,FOS: Physical sciences ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc) ,01 natural sciences ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ,Gravitation ,Theoretical physics ,Low energy ,Merger process ,0103 physical sciences ,Limit (mathematics) ,010306 general physics - Abstract
The advent of gravitational wave observation starts a new era of precision tests of gravitational theory. Estimations of black holes mergers should come from any well established gravitational theories, provided that the theory has not been ruled out by observations. In this paper we consider the low energy limit of heterotic string theory where the associated rotating and charged black holes are described by the Kerr-Sen solution. We investigate the approximate final spins and quasinormal modes of the black hole resulting from the merger process., 23 pages, 17 figures
- Published
- 2020
36. Speed of sound constraints on maximally rotating neutron stars
- Author
-
Ch. C. Moustakidis, Ch. Margaritis, and P. S. Koliogiannis
- Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE) ,Physics ,Nuclear Theory ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,FOS: Physical sciences ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc) ,Radius ,Moment of inertia ,Nuclear matter ,01 natural sciences ,Upper and lower bounds ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ,Nuclear Theory (nucl-th) ,Black hole ,Neutron star ,Speed of sound ,Quantum mechanics ,0103 physical sciences ,Limit (mathematics) ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,010306 general physics - Abstract
The observation of maximally rotating neutron stars (in comparison to nonrotating ones) may provide more information on the behavior of nuclear matter at high densities. We provide a theoretical treatment concerning the effects of the upper bound of the sound speed in dense matter on the bulk properties of maximally rotating (at mass-shedding limit) neutron stars. In particular, we consider two upper bounds for the speed of sound, $v_s = c$ and $v_s = c/\sqrt{3}$, and the one provided by the relativistic kinetic theory. We investigate to what extent the possible predicted (from various theories and conjectures) upper bounds on the speed of sound constrain the ones of various key quantities, including the maximum mass and the corresponding radius, Keplerian frequency, Kerr parameter and moment of inertia. We mainly focus on the lower proposed limit, $v_{s}=c/\sqrt{3}$, and we explore in which mass region a rotating neutron star collapses to a black hole. In any case, useful relations of the mentioned bulk properties with the transition density are derived and compared with the corresponding nonrotating cases. We concluded that the proposed limit $v_{s}=c/\sqrt{3}$ leads to dramatic decrease on the values of the maximum mass, Kerr parameter and moment of inertia preventing a neutron star to reach values which derived with the consideration of realistic equations of state or from other constraints. Possible measurements of the Kerr parameter and moment of inertia would shed light on these issues and help to reveal the speed of sound bound in dense matter., Comment: v1: 8 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables. v2: 10 pages, 15 figures, 3 tables; sections, tables, figures and references had been added. v3: 12 pages, 10 figures, 5 tables; accepted for publication in Phy. Rev. D
- Published
- 2020
37. Photon emission near Myers-Perry black holes in the large dimension limit
- Author
-
Minyong Guo, Peng-Cheng Li, and Bin Chen
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory ,Physics ,Toy model ,Photon ,Geodesic ,FOS: Physical sciences ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc) ,Method of matched asymptotic expansions ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ,High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th) ,Quantum electrodynamics ,Limit (mathematics) ,Asymptotic expansion ,Solving the geodesic equations ,Schwarzschild radius - Abstract
We study the null geodesics extending from the near-horizon region out to the far region in the background of the Schwarzschild and the singly-spinning Myers-Perry black holes in the large dimension limit. We find that in this limit the radial integrals of these geodesics can be obtained by using the method of matched asymptotic expansions. If the motion of the photon is confined to the equator plane, then all geodesic equations are solvable analytically. The study in this paper may provide a toy model to analyze the observables relevant to the electromagnetic phenomena occurring near the black holes., Comment: 19 pages,v2: minor changes, references added, accepted version
- Published
- 2020
38. Horizon molecules in causal set theory
- Author
-
Fay Dowker, Christopher Barton, Ian Jubb, Andrew Counsell, Gwylim Taylor, Dewi S. W. Gould, and The Royal Society
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory ,gr-qc ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Scale (descriptive set theory) ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc) ,Astronomy & Astrophysics ,Expected value ,01 natural sciences ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ,Physics, Particles & Fields ,Theoretical physics ,Intersection ,0103 physical sciences ,Limit (mathematics) ,010306 general physics ,Physics ,Science & Technology ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Continuum (topology) ,hep-th ,Horizon ,Causal sets ,Hypersurface ,High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th) ,Physical Sciences - Abstract
We propose a new definition of ``horizon molecules'' in causal set theory following pioneering work by Dou and Sorkin. The new concept applies for any causal horizon and its intersection with any spacelike hypersurface. In the continuum limit, as the discreteness scale tends to zero, the leading behavior of the expected number of horizon molecules is shown to be the area of the horizon in discreteness units, up to a dimension dependent factor of order one. We also determine the first order corrections to the continuum value, and show how such corrections can be exploited to obtain further geometrical information about the horizon and the spacelike hypersurface from the causal set.
- Published
- 2019
39. Constraints from a large- Nc analysis on meson-baryon interactions at chiral order Q3
- Author
-
Chinorat Kobdaj, Yonggoo Heo, and Matthias F.M. Lutz
- Subjects
Physics ,Quantum chromodynamics ,Particle physics ,Strange quark ,Meson ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,High Energy Physics::Lattice ,High Energy Physics::Phenomenology ,Order (ring theory) ,Lattice QCD ,Quantum number ,01 natural sciences ,Baryon ,0103 physical sciences ,Limit (mathematics) ,010306 general physics - Abstract
We consider the chiral Lagrangian for baryon fields with J^P =\frac{1}{2}^+ or J^P =\frac{3}{2}^+ quantum numbers as constructed from QCD with up, down and strange quarks. The specific class of counter terms that are of chiral order Q^3 and contribute to meson-baryon interactions at the two-body level is constructed. Altogether we find 24 terms. In order to pave the way for realistic applications we establish a set of 22 sum rules for the low-energy constants as they are implied by QCD in the large-N_c limit. Given such a constraint there remain only 2 independent unknown parameters that need to be determined by either Lattice QCD simulations or directly from experimental cross section measurements. At subleading order we arrive at 5 parameters.
- Published
- 2019
40. Equivalent dual theories for 3D N=2 supergravity
- Author
-
Parita Shah, Nabamita Banerjee, and Saurish Khandelwal
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory ,Physics ,High Energy Physics::Lattice ,Supergravity ,High Energy Physics::Phenomenology ,Zero (complex analysis) ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Gauge (firearms) ,Dual (category theory) ,High Energy Physics::Theory ,High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th) ,Phase space ,Homogeneous space ,Limit (mathematics) ,Quantum ,Mathematical physics - Abstract
N=2 three dimensional Supergravity with internal $R-$symmetry generators can be understood as a two dimensional chiral Wess-Zumino-Witten model. In this paper, we present the reduced phase space description of the theory, which turns out to be flat limit of a generalised Liouville theory, up to zero modes. The reduced phase space description can also be explained as a gauged chiral Wess-Zumino-Witten model. We show that both these descriptions possess identical gauge and global (quantum N=2 superBMS$_3$) symmetries., Comment: 20+2 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1905.10239
- Published
- 2019
41. Azimuthal asymmetries in semi-inclusive J/ψ+jet production at an EIC
- Author
-
Pieter Taels, Umberto D'Alesio, Cristian Pisano, and Francesco Murgia
- Subjects
Physics ,Quark ,Particle physics ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Linear polarization ,High Energy Physics::Phenomenology ,Jet (particle physics) ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,Gluon ,Azimuth ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,Transverse momentum ,High Energy Physics::Experiment ,Limit (mathematics) ,Nuclear Experiment ,010306 general physics ,Collider - Abstract
We consider transverse momentum dependent gluon distributions inside both unpolarized and transversely polarized protons and show how they can be probed by looking at azimuthal modulations in ep→eJ/ψ jet X. We find that the contribution due to quark induced subprocesses is always suppressed in the considered kinematic regions, accessible in principle at a future electron-ion collider. Our model-independent estimates of the maximal values of these asymmetries allowed by positivity bounds suggest the feasibility of their measurement. In addition, by adopting the McLerran-Venugopalan model for the unpolarized and linearly polarized gluon densities, we study the behavior of the cos2ϕ asymmetries in the small-x limit.
- Published
- 2019
42. Applying complex Langevin simulations to lattice QCD at finite density
- Author
-
D.K. Sinclair and John B. Kogut
- Subjects
Quark ,Coupling ,Physics ,Particle physics ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,High Energy Physics::Lattice ,High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat) ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Observable ,Fermion ,Lattice QCD ,01 natural sciences ,High Energy Physics - Lattice ,0103 physical sciences ,Saturation (graph theory) ,Limit (mathematics) ,Continuum (set theory) ,010306 general physics - Abstract
We study the use of the complex-Langevin equation (CLE) to simulate lattice QCD at a finite chemical potential ($\mu$) for quark-number, which has a complex fermion determinant that prevents the use of standard simulation methods based on importance sampling. Recent enhancements to the CLE specific to lattice QCD inhibit runaway solutions which had foiled earlier attempts to use it for such simulations. However, it is not guaranteed to produce correct results. Our goal is to determine under what conditions the CLE yields correct values for the observables of interest. Zero temperature simulations indicate that for moderate couplings, good agreement with expected results is obtained for small $\mu$ and for $\mu$ large enough to reach saturation, and that this agreement improves as we go to weaker coupling. For intermediate $\mu$ values these simulations do not produce the correct physics. We compare our results with those of the phase-quenched approximation. Since there are indications that correct results might be obtained if the CLE trajectories remain close to the $SU(3)$ manifold, we study how the distance from this manifold depends on the quark mass and on the coupling. We find that this distance decreases with decreasing quark mass and as the coupling decreases, i.e. as the simulations approach the continuum limit., Comment: 26 pages, 12 postscript figures, LaTeX source. V3 version accepted for publication. Extensive revisions from previous versions
- Published
- 2019
43. Stress-tensor commutators in conformal field theories near the lightcone
- Author
-
Kuo-Wei Huang
- Subjects
Physics ,Field (physics) ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Cauchy stress tensor ,Structure (category theory) ,Conformal map ,01 natural sciences ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ,symbols.namesake ,0103 physical sciences ,Poincaré conjecture ,symbols ,Limit (mathematics) ,Local quantum field theory ,010306 general physics ,Focus (optics) ,Mathematical physics - Abstract
Starting with the general stress-tensor commutation relations consistent with the Poincaré algebra in local quantum field theory, we impose the tracelessness condition and focus on the dominating contributions in the lightcone limit. It is shown that, under a certain assumption on the Schwinger term, a Virasoro-algebra-like structure emerges near the lightcone in d>2 conformal field theories.
- Published
- 2019
44. Topological effects in continuum two-dimensional U(N) gauge theories
- Author
-
Paolo Rossi and Claudio Bonati
- Subjects
Physics ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,0103 physical sciences ,Degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry) ,Observable ,Gauge theory ,Limit (mathematics) ,Continuum (set theory) ,010306 general physics ,Topology ,Coupling (probability) ,01 natural sciences - Abstract
We study the $\ensuremath{\theta}$ dependence of the continuum limit of 2D $U(N)$ gauge theories defined on compact manifolds, with special emphasis on spherical ($g=0$) and toroidal ($g=1$) topologies. We find that the coupling between $U(1)$ and $SU(N)$ degrees of freedom survives the continuum limit, leading to observable deviations of the continuum topological susceptibility from the $U(1)$ behavior, especially for $g=0$, in which case deviations remain even in the large $N$ limit.
- Published
- 2019
45. Sorkin-Johnston vacuum for a massive scalar field in the 2D causal diamond
- Author
-
Abhishek Mathur and Sumati Surya
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory ,Physics ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Diamond ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc) ,Function (mathematics) ,engineering.material ,01 natural sciences ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ,Massless particle ,symbols.namesake ,Pauli exclusion principle ,High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th) ,0103 physical sciences ,Minkowski space ,engineering ,symbols ,Limit (mathematics) ,010306 general physics ,Scalar field ,Eigenvalues and eigenvectors ,Mathematical physics - Abstract
We study the massive scalar field Sorkin-Johnston (SJ) Wightman function restricted to a flat 2D causal diamond of linear dimension L. Our approach is two-pronged. In the first, we solve the central SJ eigenvalue problem explicitly in the small mass regime, upto order (mL)^4. This allows us to formally construct the SJ Wightman function up to this order. Using a combination of analytic and numerical methods, we obtain expressions for the SJ Wightman function both in the center and the corner of the diamond, to leading order. We find that in the center, it is more like the massless Minkowski Wightman function than the massive one, while in the corner it corresponds to that of the massive mirror. In the second part, in order to explore larger masses, we perform numerical simulations using a causal set approximated by a flat 2D causal diamond. We find that in the center of the diamond the causal set SJ Wightman function resembles the massless Minkowski Wightman function for small masses, as in the continuum, but beyond a critical value it resembles the massive Minkowski Wightman function as expected. Our calculations suggest that unlike the massive Minkowski vacuum, the SJ vacuum has a well-defined massless limit, which mimics the behavior of the Pauli Jordan function underlying the SJ construction. In the corner of the diamond, moreover, it agrees with the mirror vacuum for all masses, and not, as might be expected, with the Rindler vacuum., Comment: 49 pages, 22 figures. Erratum added at the end of the paper. The erratum is published in Phys. Rev. D. (Phys. Rev. D. 104, 089901)
- Published
- 2019
46. 3D N=2 ADE^ Chern-Simons quivers
- Author
-
Augniva Ray and Dharmesh Jain
- Subjects
Physics ,Pure mathematics ,Rank (linear algebra) ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Mathematics::Rings and Algebras ,Quiver ,Chern–Simons theory ,Partition function (mathematics) ,01 natural sciences ,Matrix (mathematics) ,0103 physical sciences ,Dual polyhedron ,Limit (mathematics) ,Mathematics::Representation Theory ,010306 general physics ,Atiyah–Singer index theorem - Abstract
We study 3d N=2 Chern-Simons (CS) quiver theories on S3 and Σg×S1. Using localization results, we examine their partition functions in the large rank limit and requiring the resulting matrix models to be local, find a large class of quiver theories that include quivers in one-to-one correspondence with the ADE^ Dynkin diagrams. We compute explicitly the partition function on S3 for D^ quivers and that on Σg×S1 for AD^ quivers, which lead to certain predictions for their holographic duals. We also provide a new and simple proof of the “index theorem,” extending its applicability to a larger class of theories than considered before in the literature.
- Published
- 2019
47. Quantum simulation of scattering in the quantum Ising model
- Author
-
Erik Gustafson, Judah Unmuth-Yockey, and Yannick Meurice
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory ,Physics ,Quantum Physics ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat) ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Quantum simulator ,01 natural sciences ,symbols.namesake ,High Energy Physics - Lattice ,High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th) ,Qubit ,0103 physical sciences ,symbols ,Ising model ,Statistical physics ,Limit (mathematics) ,Boundary value problem ,Quantum Physics (quant-ph) ,010306 general physics ,Quantum ,Bessel function ,Quantum computer - Abstract
We discuss real time evolution for the quantum Ising model in one spatial dimension with $N_s$ sites. In the limit where the nearest neighbor interactions $J$ in the spatial directions are small, there is a simple physical picture where qubit states can be interpreted as approximate particle occupations. Using exact diagonalization, for initial states with one or two particles, we show that for small $J$, discrete Bessel functions provide very accurate expressions for the evolution of the occupancies corresponding to initial states with one and two particles. Boundary conditions play an important role when the evolution time is long enough. We discuss a Trotter procedure to implement the evolution on existing quantum computers and discuss the error associated with the Trotter step size. We discuss the effects of gate and measurement errors on the evolution of one and two particle states using 4 and 8 qubits circuits approximately corresponding to existing or near term quantum computers., 13 pages, 12 figures
- Published
- 2019
48. Pressure effects in the weak-field limit of f(R)=R+αR2 gravity
- Author
-
Oliver F. Piattella, Fulvio Sbisà, and S. E. Jorás
- Subjects
Physics ,Range (particle radiation) ,Gravity (chemistry) ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Star (game theory) ,Scalar (mathematics) ,Radius ,01 natural sciences ,Neutron star ,0103 physical sciences ,Weak field ,Limit (mathematics) ,010306 general physics ,Mathematical physics - Abstract
We investigate the linear regime of $f(R)=R+\ensuremath{\alpha}{R}^{2}$ gravity for static, spherically symmetric and asymptotically flat configurations of matter. We show that, in vacuum and deep inside the range of the extra scalar degree of freedom, the post-Newtonian parameter $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ is not equal to $1/2$, as established in the literature, but it assumes larger values depending on the pressure of the star. We provide an explicit expression for $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ in terms of the mass, of the integrated pressure of the star and of the ratio between the star's radius and the range of the extra degree of freedom. We corroborate our results by providing numerical solutions for the case of a neutron star.
- Published
- 2019
49. Braneworld inflation with an effective α -attractor potential
- Author
-
Nur Jaman and Kairat Myrzakulov
- Subjects
Inflation (cosmology) ,Physics ,Slow roll ,Field (physics) ,Friedmann equations ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,Displacement (vector) ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ,symbols.namesake ,Attractor ,symbols ,Limit (mathematics) ,Brane ,Mathematical physics - Abstract
In this paper, we study inflation in the $\ensuremath{\alpha}$-attractor framework with an exponential potential in the Randall-Sundrum (RS) braneworlds, where high-energy corrections to the Friedmann equation facilitate a slow roll. In this scenario, we numerically investigate the inflationary parameters and show that the high-energy brane corrections have a significant effect on the parameter $\ensuremath{\alpha}$; namely, the lower values of the parameter are preferred by observation in this limit. The latter substantially reduces the tensor-to-scalar ratio of perturbations, making the RS braneworld inflation compatible with observation. We also point out that sub-Planckian values of the field displacement can be achieved by suitably constraining the brane tension.
- Published
- 2019
50. Soft bremsstrahlung
- Author
-
Steven Weinberg
- Subjects
High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE) ,Physics ,Photon ,Soft photon ,Bremsstrahlung ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Context (language use) ,Electron ,Photon energy ,Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies ,Physics - Plasma Physics ,Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph) ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph) ,Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA) ,Quantum electrodynamics ,Limit (mathematics) ,Born approximation ,Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
Simple analytic formulas are considered for the energy radiated in low frequency bremsstrahlung from fully ionized gases. A formula that has been frequently cited over many years turns out to have only a limited range of validity, more narrow than for a formula derived using the Born approximation. In an attempt to find a more widely valid simple formula, a soft photon theorem is employed, which in this context implies that the differential rate of photon emission in an electron-ion collision with definite initial and final electron momenta is correctly given for sufficiently soft photons by the Born approximation, to all orders in the Coulomb potential. Corrections to the Born approximation arise because the upper limit on photon energy for this theorem to apply to a given collision becomes increasingly stringent as the scattering approaches the forward direction. A general formula is suggested that takes this into account., Comment: 14 pages, no figures
- Published
- 2019
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.