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The article focuses on a study regarding the critical elements of hyperkalemia. Topics discussed include the epidemiology and pathophysiology of hyperkalemia, the impact of hyperkalemia on the patients with cardiovascular and renal disease and the role of pharmacist in the minimization of risks associated with its treatment. It also presents figure and table depicting the mechanism of action of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors and management of acute hyperkalemia.

The article discusses the use of renin antagonists to control hypertension. Renin is being secreted by the kidneys in response to low arterial pressure and helps in controlling the rate-limiting step in the renin angiotensin system. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved aliskiren (Tekturna) as treatment for hypertension alone or in combination with other antihypertensive agents.

The article offers information on Valturna (aliskerin/valsartan) from Novartis Pharmaceutical which was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of high blood pressure. The drug is a combination product which inhibits the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system at different locations. It is contraindicated for pregnant women.