Search

The aim of this paper is to study the origins of the Archaistic image of Aphrodite on some bronze coins struck in Cyprus under Ptolemy III, and to compare it to some other Archaistic images of the goddess attested in Greece and Cyprus. To this dossier, already examined by B. Lichocka in 1986, can be added a marble torso found near Soloi in 1927, which could be related to the sanctuary of Soloi-Cholades, an important cult place for understanding the religious ideology of the Ptolemaic rulers and, probably, of the first Roman emperors., Hermary Antoine. Images archaïsantes de l’Aphrodite chypriote. In: Cahiers du Centre d'Etudes Chypriotes. Volume 45, 2015. Hommage à Jacqueline Karageorghis. pp. 317-328.

This paper deals with an issue that has rarely been addressed for the Neolithic period : the degree of functional specialization of ceramic productions. The question was applied to the earliest pottery from Bulgaria (6100-5500 BC). Results obtained on the pottery function from Kovačevo suggested in fact that some vessels were manufactured for a specific use. From the ceramic assemblage of this site, a new analytical method was developed to assess the degree of functional specialization. This method involves comparing the variability of pottery from a same functional range with those of the whole ceramic assemblage. The attributes that distinguish them could thus be identified. Next, their impact on the properties required by the different use of vessels (resistance to thermal and mechanical shock, waterproofing or heating efficiency) was measured using experimental and ethnographic data. However, some characteristics significantly change the performance of vessels. It was thus deduced that a part of the ceramic production from the site was already devoted to a particular purpose during the manufacturing process. At Kovačevo, two categories of ceramic vessels were undoubtedly produced for a specific function : storage vessels and cooking pots. Indeed, these two categories show a whole range of specific features which were particularly suited for their actual use. Thus, storage vessels often present a very thick slip on their inner surfaces which has not been identified in other functional classes of pottery. However, this type of slip gave them the high waterproofing required for storing substances. Cooking pots always have a narrow opening and a flat base. Their walls are relatively thick and their outer surfaces are often slip trailed. The combination of these different attributes provided them with the excellent thermal shock resistance required for cooking. Other functional classes of ceramic vessels were not necessarily made for the use to which they were put. This is the case of pottery used for grinding products. Indeed, they do not seem very suitable for this specific function. The study carried out on the ceramic assemblage from Kovačevo has allowed different degrees of functional specialization to be identified within the same pottery range : loww and high. These different degrees of specialization may be explained by more or less important use constraints depending on the function of the ceramic vessels. The preliminary work carried out the functional specialization of ceramic productions has finally provided a new picture about the first Neolithic potters from Bulgaria. The choices made during the manufacturing process of storage and cooking vessels confirm that their know-how was high. Indeed, these potters knew the technical solutions required to meet the different use constraints of ceramic vessels. Moreover, the choices made to optimize the pottery efficiency show that not only environmental, technical and cultural factors determined the potters’ behaviour. The function of ceramic vessels could also influence it., Vieugué Julien. Spécialisation fonctionnelle des premières productions céramiques dans les Balkans (6100-5500 av. J.-C.) . In: Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française, tome 109, n°2, 2012. pp. 251-265.

This paper presents an analysis of one of the numerous translations from Greek into Latin produced in the Late Antiquity : the latin translation of the treatise known as Asclepius and integrated in the Corpus Hermeticum. The greek original is lost. We know it only partly from quotations by the Fathers of the Church and, for the final prayer, from a magical papyrus. A systematic collation, where it is possible, between the translation and the source-text shows that the translation is more than a translation ad uerbum. Specific attention will be paid to features as words or sentences added or deleted. As far as we can judge, the original has been revised and reorganised with a new purpose adapted to a new audience, probably an African one, in the last years of the fourth or in the beginning of the fifth century AD. Broadly speaking, the translation gives a more personal character to the hermetic thought., Rochette Bruno. Un cas peu connu de traduction du grec en latin : l'« Asclepius » du Corpus Hermeticum. In: Cahiers du Centre Gustave Glotz, 14, 2003. pp. 67-96.

This paper deals with terminological developments in electrical engineering. It also focuses on the reflection of electrical engineering in belles-lettres.

The aim of this paper is to highlight the usefulness of biomedical engineering in the field of hemodynamics of the cardiovascular system. More precisely, applications based on mathematical (theoretical) and physical modelling are presented. Several examples are discussed in two main field of applications : on the one hand, comprehension of physiology and help for diagnostic, and on the other hand, development of new treatment technologies. Through these examples, co-operation between biomedical engineers and physicians appears to have a fundamental impact on modern art of medicine and to be of a very high social and economical importance., Pochet Thierry. Modélisations mathématiques et physiques de l'hémodynamique cardio-vasculaire : le génie biomédical au service de la médecine. In: Bulletin de la Classe des sciences, tome 5, n°7-12, 1994. pp. 363-382.

Firstly, telecommunications and telematics technologies are now being applied to all aspects of the functioning of utility networks. Secondly, the control capabilities of telematics are helping to support a convergence and cross-investment between previously-separate utility systems. These trends have important implications for the management and development of cities which the paper explores in its final section., Durant la dernière décennie, les principaux réseaux de services urbains du Royaume-Uni ont été privatisés. C'est historiquement parlant une situation inédite dans l'évolution des services publics urbains britanniques. Cet article s'attache en premier lieu à cette "révolution des réseaux d'infrastructures urbains", en la replaçant dans une perspective historique. Trois dimensions-clés de ce processus de transformation ont été mises en évidence : la privatisation et la libéralisation des services urbains, les tensions entre deux types d'approches, l'une globalisante, l'autre plus localiste ; les relations enfin entre les services et l'économie urbaine dans un contexte de profonde restructuration. L'article examine en second lieu deux des plus importantes conséquences de ces changements. Il est en effet apparu que les télécommunications et la télématique sont de plus en plus employées dans tous les aspects du fonctionnement des réseaux de services urbains. Par ailleurs, les capacités de contrôle offertes par la télématique encouragent une convergence et des participations croisées entre des réseaux de services qui s'ignoraient jusque-là. Cette tendance n'est pas sans implications sur la gestion et le développement des villes, ce que l'article aborde dans sa dernière partie., Graham Stephen, Marvin Simon. Cities, telematics and utilities: towards convergence. In: Flux, n°15, 1994. pp. 5-16.

The connections between England and France during the later Bronze Age as seen in the similarity of the bronze objects and now pottery, is well known and has been described at length in recent years (see especially Burgess, 1969). The aim of this paper is to bring together a group of objects that indicate this contact and which might reflect aspects of the symbolic structure current during the later Bronze Age in Atlantic Europe. Bronze Final III Carps Tongue hoards on both sides of the Channel contain many enigmatic objects ; enigmatic because they are often found in a fragmentary state and as they are found in hoards do not appear in their primary functional context. In both England and France the plaques have a scattered distribution although in general they concentrate in Northern France and South and South-east England, very much in the Carps Tongue province (fig. 3). The hoards in which they occur share a number of other objects in common including the classic Carps Tongue sword types such as swords, bugle shaped objects, bonnets de police, dent de loups and spearheads with decorated sockets. However there are noticable differences in hoard content on either side of the Channel. The English hoards have a greater variety of socketed axes and the French hoards are rich in pins and bracelets. The repeated association of certain objects, some of which are rather specialised and rare might suggest that the collection of material for burial was not completely random and might have had a specific purpose behind it., Coombs David. Symbolisme à l'Age du Bronze final en Europe atlantique, plaques décorées de type Watford. In: Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française, tome 88, n°2, 1991. pp. 58-64.

This paper deals with 24 kaolinite samples whose content in Fe₂O₃ varies from zero up to about 2 %. Though iron can also be accomodated in ancillary minerals (such as titanium oxides and micas) contaminating the kaolinite, the selected samples proved to be representative of kaolinites with different contents in structural iron. The treatment of the ESR iron spectra of these kaolinites permits the quantitative identification of two types of iron sites, called here E iron and I iron. The content in E iron is not correlated to the degree of kaolinite crystallinity. In contrast, the content in I iron is directly related to the proportion of defects due to the displacement of the vacant site in the octahedral sheet. When occurring in kaolinite, such defects induce the formation of domains whose hydroxylic configuration becomes similar to that of dickite. In any kaolinite, the proportion of such domains can be identified by the quantitative treatment of features of the OH stretching vibration bands of its infrared spectrum. The results show that a multiple relation exists between the proportion of defects due to a vacancy displacement, the content in I iron and the proportion of domains showing a hydroxylic configuration similar to that of dickite. The most disordered kaolinites are characterized by an I iron content of about 1 % (expressed in Fe₂O₃) and a proportion of dickite-like domains of about 50 %., L'étude porte sur 24 échantillons de kaolinite dont le contenu en Fe₂O₃, tel que déterminé par analyse chimique, varie de zéro à environ 2 %. Bien que, dans les échantillons les plus riches en fer « chimique » particulièrement, une fraction de cet élément puisse être associée à des phases minérales contaminantes (micas, oxydes de titane), les échantillons sélectionnés peuvent être considérés comme représentatifs de kaolinites à teneurs variables en fer structural. Le traitement des signaux RPE associés à la présence de fer dans la kaolinite permet de reconnaître et de mesurer quantitativement deux types de fer structural appelés ici fer I et E. La teneur en fer E n'est pas corrélée à la cristallinité de la kaolinite. Par contre, la teneur en fer I est directement proportionnelle à la fréquence des défauts structuraux associés à un déplacement de la position de la vacance octaédrique. Ce type de défaut, qui a pour conséquence de créer dans la kaolinite désordonnée des domaines où la structure hydroxylique devient semblable à celle de la dickite, peut être identifié par spectroscopie IR. Les résultats de tels examens établissent, en effet, qu'une bonne corrélation existe entre la teneur en fer du type I et la proportion de configuration hydroxylique du type dickite. Les kaolinites les plus désordonnées possèdent une teneur en fer I (exprimé en Fe₂O₃) qui peut atteindre environ 1 % et une proportion de configuration hydroxylique de type dickite d'environ 50 %., Mestdagh Michèle M., Herbillon Adrien-Jules, Rodrique Luc, Rouxhet Paul G. Évaluation du rôle du fer structural sur la cristallinité des kaolinites. In: Bulletin de Minéralogie, volume 105, 5, 1982. Cristallochimie des argiles kaoliniques et applications.