1. Antecedents of Screening Positive for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Ten-Year-Old Children Born Extremely Preterm
- Author
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Alan Leviton, Stephen R. Hooper, Scott J. Hunter, Megan N. Scott, Elizabeth N. Allred, Robert M. Joseph, T. Michael O'Shea, Karl Kuban, Janice Ware, Taryn Coster, Brandi Henson, Rachel Wilson, Kirsten McGhee, Patricia Lee, Aimee Asgarian, Anjali Sadhwani, Ellen Perrin, Emily Neger, Kathryn Mattern, Jenifer Walkowiak, Susan Barron, Jean Frazier, Lauren Venuti, Beth Powers, Ann Foley, Brian Dessureau, Molly Wood, Jill Damon-Minow, Richard Ehrenkranz, Jennifer Benjamin, Elaine Romano, Kathy Tsatsanis, Katarzyna Chawarska, Sophy Kim, Susan Dieterich, Karen Bearrs, Nancy Peters, Patricia Brown, Emily Ansusinha, Ellen Waldrep, Jackie Friedman, Gail Hounshell, Debbie Allred, Stephen C. Engelke, Nancy Darden-Saad, Gary Stainback, Diane Warner, Janice Wereszczak, Janice Bernhardt, Joni McKeeman, Echo Meyer, Steve Pastyrnak, Wendy Burdo-Hartman, Julie Rathbun, Sarah Nota, Teri Crumb, Madeleine Lenski, Deborah Weiland, Megan Lloyd, Scott Hunter, Michael Msall, Rugile Ramoskaite, Suzanne Wiggins, Krissy Washington, Ryan Martin, Barbara Prendergast, Megan Scott, Judith Klarr, Beth Kring, Jennifer DeRidder, and Kelly Vogt
- Subjects
Male ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Infant, Newborn, Diseases ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Developmental Neuroscience ,Risk Factors ,030225 pediatrics ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ,Humans ,Prospective Studies ,Child ,Socioeconomic status ,business.industry ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Infant, Newborn ,Gestational age ,Retinopathy of prematurity ,medicine.disease ,Low birth weight ,Neurology ,Socioeconomic Factors ,Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity ,Infant, Extremely Premature ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Female ,Neurology (clinical) ,medicine.symptom ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Ventriculomegaly - Abstract
Background The incidence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is higher among children born very preterm than among children who are mature at birth. Methods We studied 583 ten-year-old children who were born before 28 weeks of gestation whose IQ was above 84 and had a parent-completed Child Symptom Inventory-4, which allowed classification of the child as having or not having symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. For 422 children, we also had a teacher report, and for 583 children, we also had a parent report of whether or not a physician made an attention deficit hyperactivity disorder diagnosis. Results The risk profile of screening positive for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder based on a parent's report differed from the risk profile based on the teacher's report, whereas the risk profile according to a physician and according to any two observers closely resembled the parent-reported profile. Among the statistically significant risk factors were young maternal age (parent, physician, and two observers), maternal obesity (parent, physician, and two observers), maternal smoking (parent, physician, and two observers), magnesium given at delivery for seizure prophylaxis (parent and two observers), recovery of Mycoplasma sp. from the placenta (teacher and two observers), low gestational age (parent and two observers), low birth weight (teacher and physician), singleton (parent, physician, and two observers), male (parent, teacher, physician, and two observers), mechanical ventilation on postnatal day seven (physician), receipt of a sedative (parent and two observers), retinopathy of prematurity (parent), necrotizing enterocolitis (physician), antibiotic receipt (physician and two observers), and ventriculomegaly on brain scan (parent and two observers). Conclusions The multiplicity of risk factors identified can be subsumed as components of four broad themes: low socioeconomic state, immaturity or vulnerability, inflammation, and epigenetic phenomena.
- Published
- 2017