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Immunoglobulin isotype responses and parasite-specific antigen recognition were investigated in experimental Angiostrongylus costaricensis infection in two different mouse strains. Even in a low-dose infection with third-stage larvae (L3), BALB/c mice showed high mortality until 28 days postinfection (p.i.) in association with a low patency rate in surviving animals. On the other hand, low mortality and a high rate of patent infection was observed in C57BL/10 mice. Parasite-specific IgM, total IgG, and IgG subclasses against crude adult-worm antigen (AcAg) rose in both groups of mice from day 14 onward, with IgG and IgG1 being significantly elevated in BALB/c mice at 21 and 28 days p.i., respectively. For total IgE, significantly elevated concentrations were detected at 14 days p.i. in BALB/c mice as compared with C57BL/10 mice. A. costaricensis-specific antigen recognition by total IgG, IgG1, or IgG2a was similar in both mouse strains, intensifying from 3 to 4 weeks p.i., with recognition of immunodominant AcAg ranging between 80 and 210 kDa. This study provides evidence that in BALB/c and C57BL/10 mice, immunoglobulins, with the possible exception of IgE and IgG1, do not decisively contribute to the outcome of a primary A. costaricensis infection with respect to immunopathogenesis or parasite permissiveness.