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Parenteral nutrition plays an important role in the treatment of the malnourished or those at risk of malnutrition, in whom it is not possible to supply natural food through the gastrointestinal tract. Until recently, this procedure was carried out in a hospital setting and mainly concerned patients of surgical, intensive care, and paediatric departments. In recent years, parenteral nutrition has also been used in patients with advanced cancer, hospitalised in palliative medicine departments, as well as at home. The article presents the case of a patient with inoperable gastric cancer after ineffective palliative chemotherapy, in whom parenteral nutrition was used and was carried out within four months. In the opinion of both the patient and the doctors, nutritional treatment significantly improved the patient's quality of life and was withdrawn during dying due to the progression of cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pain is one of the most frequently occurring symptoms among patients suffering from advanced cancer. Its management often presents a challenge for a physician, requiring complex strategies to provide adequate relief. Breakthrough pain, in particular, with its severe intensity and often unpredictable onset, can be distressing not only for patients and caregivers but also for clinicians. Currently breakthrough pain can be effectively treated with immediate release opioids, as well as intranasal and sublingual fentanyl preparations. In this article, we present the case of a patient with advanced prostate cancer suffering from pain symptoms due to several different pathomechanisms. While complex pharmacologic strategies were required, adequate pain control was ultimately achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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