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New taxa of Nematocera are described from the Lower Cretaceous Khasurty locality (Western Transbaikalia, Russia). These are Praearchitipula ribeiroi sp. nov., P. kaluginae sp. nov., P. podenasi sp. nov. (Pediciidae), ?Protanyderus madrizi sp. nov. (Tanyderidae), Eoptychoptera fasbenderi sp. nov. (Ptychopteridae), Gilkania transbaikalica gen. et sp. nov. (Chironomidae), Amorimyia robusta gen. et sp. nov. (Anisopodidae). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A phylogenetic tree is proposed for the superfamily Ptychopteroidea, reconstructed taking into account both extinct and extant taxa and based mainly on characters of wing venation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The history of the study of extant and extinct ptychopterids is reviewed. The morphology of the ptychopterid imago and preimaginal stages is discussed. Synonymy of Eoptychopteridae under Ptychopteridae is demonstrated. A new system of the family Ptychopteridae is proposed; it comprises the subfamilies Proptychopterininae (genus Proptychopterina), Eoptychopterinae (genera Eoptychoptera, Architendipes, Crenoptychoptera, Doptychoptera, Nedoptychoptera, Leptychoptera), Eoptychopterininae (genera Eoptychopterina, ?Bolboia), Ptychopterinae (genera Ptychoptera, Brodilka), and Bittacomorphinae (genera Bittacomorpha, Bittacomorphella, Probittacomorpha, Zhiganka). Ptychopterids appear to originate in the Early Jurassic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]