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The major disease that affects dairy industry in Pakistan is mastitis. Mastitis therapy mostly fails due to pathological changes in udder, pharmacokinetics of drugs used and poor husbandry practices. The present study is conducted to evaluate non-antibiotic therapy including Trisodium citrate and Vitamin C for the treatment of subclinical mastitis of cows and buffaloes. The product to be tested is composed of extemporaneous by mixing the Trisodium citrate 30gm and vitamin C 6gm. A field trial on therapeutic efficacy of above product has been conducted on buffaloes and cows affected with subclinical mastitis at Livestock Production Research Institute Bahadurnagar, Okara. Fifteen buffaloes with 10 animals in treatment group (A1), 5 animals in control group (A2) fifteen cows with 10 animals in treatment group (A3), 5 animals in control group (A4) are use in trial. Surf Field Mastitis Test (SFMT) is used for grading of animals and treatment is given in both the groups of cattle and buffalo. Buffalo group A1 and Cattle group A3 shows significantly higher (p<0.05) cure rates. The milk pH in both the groups decreased up to 6.6. The efficacy of therapeutic protocol was calculated by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT: Moringa oleifera has been reported as super food owing to its high nutritional value which has largely been explored in leaves with limited reports from other parts. Therefore, comparative study was designed to determine the nutritional components of different parts of M. oelifera found in Karachi, Pakistan. Samples were collected from multiple parts of M. oleifera plant. Proximate, minerals and Vitamin C analysis was carried out as per Association of Official Analytical Chemists(AOAC) methods. Amino acid contents were estimated using Amino Acid Analyzer. The protein content(g/100g dry weight basis) was high in the leaves with stalks and leaves samples compared to seedpods and stem. Caloric contents were in the order of leaves>leaves with stalk>seedpods>stem. The contents of different minerals(Ca, Fe and K) and Vitamin C varied from parts to parts with leaves showed comparatively high amount of Vitamin C and calcium. Total amino acid contents of different parts were in the order of leaves>flowers>seedpods. In conclusion, all the studied parts of M. oleifera have nutritional significance. However, leaves and seed pods due to their comparatively higher nutritional value can be more beneficial as dietary supplement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]