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Aim: To compare the efficacy of intravenous dexamethasone and methylprednisolone on the treatment of hospitalized patients with covid-19. Methods: Between January 2022 and September 2022, 46 COVID-19 positive patients from the medical ward of ABWA Hospital and Research Centre participated in a randomized controlled trial. Patients in group A were given dexamethasone, whereas those in group B were given methylprednisolone. Hyperglycemia, hypokalemia, duration of oxygen therapy, death, intensive care unit hospitalization, and other outcomes were measured in both groups. For qualitative variables, Chi Square test was used, while for quantitative variables, T-Test was used. A significance level of less than 0.05 was used. Results: In Group A, the average duration of hospitalization was 7.13±2.26days, but in Group B, it was 9.61±2.33 days (P = 0.0001). Group A had considerably shorter O2 therapy duration than Group B (5.78±1.16 days vs. 8.48±1.90 days; P = 0.0001). Group A had a considerably reduced incidence of hyperglycemia and hypokalemia compared to Group B (34.8% vs 73.9%, P = 0.008) (13% vs 43.5, P = 0.02). Conclusion: We conclude that 8mg/day dexamethasone is better than 30mg methylprednisolone twice a day in treatment of COVID-19. Keywords: Efficacy, Covid-19, Dexamethasone, Methylprednisolone

The estimated disease burden of ischemic heart disease in Pakistan is in millions and discovery of cardioprotective agents of organic origin has great importance to decrease the financial burden on society. Objective: The study was designed to analyze and grade histopathological changes in experimental model of myocardial infarction. Study Design: This was an experimental randomized controlled trial. Place and Duration: The study was organized at King Edward Medical University and University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore for a period of 180 days. Methodology: During initial 14 days, cont-group and Isopro-group were treated with 1 ml normal saline, while Citric-250 and Citric-500-group were treated with citric acid at 250 mg and 500 mg per-kg-body-weight respectively. Isoproterenol (85mg per-kg-body-weight) was injected subcutaneously for induction of acute myocardial infarction in all rabbits except for cont-group. Histopathological analysis was done, serum-C.K-M.B (creatine-kinase-M.B), serum-L.D.H (lactate-dehydrogenase) and cTn-I (cardiac.troponin-I) were recorded at the end of experiment. S.P.S.S software (statistical package for social sciences) was applied for statistically analyzed of data. Results: Isopro-group showed augmented odema, infiltration and necrosis in myocardium on histopathological study along with elevated level of C.K-M.B, L.D.H and cTn-I as compare to other group. Citric-250 and citric-500-group showed significant recovery with reduced odema, infiltration and necrosis in myocardium on histopathological analysis along with lesser values of C.K-M.B, L.D.H and cTn-I as compare to Isopro-group. Practical Implication: Consumption of citric acid protects from acute myocardial infarction. Conclusion: It is concluded that citric acid possesses strong cardioprotective potential. It reduces the myocardial injury during infarction in term of edema, infiltration and necrosis that help myocardium to survive during ischemic condition. Keywords: Citric acid, Isoproterenol, Formalin, cTn-I, Infiltration and Myocardial Infarction.

Objective: The study's objective was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of low-dose isotretinoin vs the standard-dose regimen for the treatment of acne vulgaris. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial Place and Duration: This study was conducted at Department of Dermatology, Bannu Medical College and Federal Government Polyclinic Hospital Islamabad in the period from March, 2022 to August, 2022. Methods: Randomization was used to split the total of 190 patients with acne vulgaris who participated in the study into two groups of 95 sample size each. Patients of both sexes were affected with acne vulgaris. Isotretinoin was administered orally to patients in group I at a dose of 20 milligrammes per day for 12 weeks, whereas patients in group II received conventional dosing regimen 80 milligrammes per day. After a total of 12 weeks of therapy, both groups had a final assessment of their effectiveness. SPSS 23.0 was used to analyze all data. Results: In all 190 cases, majority of the cases 110 (57.9%) were females and 80 (42.1%) were male patients. Mena age of the patients in group I was 24.16±10.52 years and in group II mean age was 25.8±9.87 years. We found that efficacy of conventional dosing regimen was higher in 73 (76.8%) as compared to low doze isotretinoin in 50 (52.6%) with p value

Background: H Pylori infection is associated with multiple conditions of gastroenterology like gastritis, mucosal ulcer and dyspepsia. Due to emergence of resistance against conventional therapeutic agents, new treatment regimens have been introduced and are superior to the older one. Objective; Compare P-CAB dependent dual therapy vs PPI dependent triple therapy against H. Pylori infection Methodology: Sample size was 400 patients, segregated into P-CAB -group and PPI-group randomly. P-CAB -group was treated with 1gm amoxicillin 8 hourly and Vonoprazole 20-mg 12 hourly daily for 4 weeks. PPI-group was treated with 1-gm amoxicillin, 500-mg clarithromycin and 20-mg Lansoprazole 12 hourly daily for 4 weeks. After four weeks of therapy, stool antigen test for H Pylori was performed to confirm H Pylori eradication. Patient with negative stool antigen test for H Pylori was labeled recovered and vice versa. Collected data was analyzed using window application SPSS (statistical package of social Sciences software). p value under 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Among P-CAB -group, 89 % patients become free from H.Pylori, while 11% patients could not recover from H.Pylori infection in spite of the same treatment. Similarly 69.5% patients of PPI-group recovered and 30.5% patients could not get rid of H.Pylori infection. Conclusion: It is concluded that P-CAB dependent dual therapy is more effective than PPIs dependent triple therapy against H.Pylori infection. Keywords: Lansoprazole, Proton Pump inhibitor, Potassium-competitive acid blocker, Vonoprazan, H. Pylori infection.