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Objective:Compare the axial lengthand other biometric parameters by two biometric devices. Compare their levelof agreement for these parameters. Study Design:Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study:Armed Forces Institute of Ophthalmology, fromJul 2016 to Apr 2018. Methodology:Study was carried out in Armed forced institute of ophthalmology on 70eyes of 53 patients with Nucleus sclerosisgrade II,III cataract.Patients underwentophthalmic and biometric examination usingoptical biometery devices IOL-Master (Carl Zeiss)and OB-820(WaveLight, Germany).Parameters includedaxial length,keratometric indices and anterior chamber depth.Results were evaluated using BlandAltman analyses for level of agreement, while differences were assessed using the paired samples t test, and correlation was evaluated by interclass correlation coefficient.Results:Mean axial length assessed by OB820 and IOL Master differed significantly in two groups (23.16±1.25 vs 23.53±1.34), with a p-value of 0.018. Bland-Altman analysisconfirmedsignificant differenceamongrangesand 95% limits of agreement for Axial Lengthwith interclass correlation of 0.659. While for other parameters including Keratometery1,2andanterior chamber depthexcellent correlation was found between IOL-master and OB-820 with interclass correlation of 0.960,0.968and0.976respectively. Conclusion:IOL-master and OB-820 shouldn’t be used interchangeably due to lack of agreement in axial length measurementwhich is infact the most importantbiometryparameter.

Objective: To analyze the effect of use of VERION image guided system on surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) in patients undergoing cataract surgery. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at Armed Forces Institute of Ophthalmology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan from Aug 2016 to Dec 2016. Material and Methods: Sixty eyes undergoing cataract surgery with already existing corneal astigmatism of at least 0.5 diopter (D) were included in the study. Cases with already existing ocular pathology or any per operative complication were excluded. Non-probability (purposive) sampling technique was used. Patients were randomly grouped into two groups 1 and 2. Group-1 underwent normal conventional phacoemulsification with no specific predetermined incision site. Group-2 underwent keratometric assessment using VERION image guided system and data was transferred to operating microscope. Steep and flat meridian were displayed on screen and incision were made on steep axis. Pre and 2 week post op keratometric readings were noted on a workup performa for both the groups and compared. All the surgeries were done by the same surgeon. Statistical program for social sciences (SPSS) version 23.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results: Sixty eyes (29 male, 31 female) with mean age of 57.65 ± 7.41 years were studied. Group-1 included 30 eyes with mean age of 56.73 ± 9.16 years. Group-2 also included 30 eyes with mean age of 58.56 ± 5.10 years. Mean pre op astigmatism was 0.93 ± 0.45D and 0.88 ± 0.47 D in group 1 and 2 respectively. Mean...........

Objective: To determine the effect of 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy on corneal dioptric power through a comparison of difference in pre- and post- surgery keratometry. Study Design: Prospective non-comparative interventional type. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted at the Armed Forces Institute of Ophthalmology (AFIO) Rawalpindi from Dec 2016 to Jul 2017. Material and Methods: We studied 33 patients (33 eyes) who underwent 23-gauge vitrectomy with mean age of 46.4 ± 12.8 years. Among them 13 were females and 20 were males. These patients were divided in four groups on the basis of pre-surgical diagnosis. 18 (55%) patients had rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, 9 (27%) had macular holes 3 (9%) with Vitreous hemorrhage and last 3 (9%) had dislocation of intraocular lens. Total vitrectomy was performed in all patients by standard 23G pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) procedure as used with three scleratomies and tunnel shaped incision. Keratometry readings before the surgery and at the end of 1st, 6th and 12th post procedural weeks were recorded in horizontal (K1) and vertical meridian (K2) by utilizing topcon auto kerato-refractometer. Results: The pre-operative dioptric power of cornea in horizontal and vertical meridian (K1 and K2 respectively) was statistically compared with post- operative dioptric power of cornea at the end of 1st, 6th and 12th postopertive weeks. At the end of first post- operative week there was significant difference between pre and post-operative corneal dioptric power with horizontal p-value

Objective: To determine the effect of Intravitreal injection of Bevacizumab on IOP in eyes of different axial lengths. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at AFIO Rawalpindi, from Sep 2013 to Jan 2014. Material and Methods: In this study 55 patients scheduled for intravitreal injection of bevacizumab for the treatment of diabetic macular edema were enrolled. An informed written consent was taken from all the patients. All patients underwent clinical ophthalmic examination including uncorrected distance visual acuity, corrected distance visual acuity, slit lamp bio-microscopy and fundus examination with 90 diopter lens. Axial length was measured before IVB using IOL master. Intra Ocular Pressure (IOP) was measured before and after 1 minute of administration of Intravitreal Bevacizumab (IVB) using Tono-Pen. Result: The mean age of patients was 54.51 ± 7.53 years with minimum age of 43 years and maximum age of 70 years. There were 26 (47.3%) male and 29 (52.7%) female patients. The mean axial length of the examined eyes was 21.12 ± 1.80 with range of 6 mm. Mean IOP before IVB was 13.09 ± 1.62 mmHg. After 1 minute of IVB, mean IOP was 32.8 ± 6.19 mmHg. A good correlation was observed between the axial length and intraocular pressure rise after 1 min i.e. Pearson correlation (r.) = -0.914 (p-value