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This paper delves into the relationship between inflation and economic growth, two pivotal elements in contemporary economic discussions. It aims to demystify and elucidate these concepts, particularly examining how they are interlinked through the development of a comprehensive econometric model. The study pays special attention to key economic indicators such as the Consumer Price Index (CPI), Producer Price Index (PPI) and the growth rate of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). In addition, the paper considers the role of monetary and fiscal policies in managing inflation and fostering economic growth. This exploration not only contributes to a deeper understanding of economic dynamics but also offers valuable insights for policymakers and economists in formulating effective economic strategies.

This paper illustrates economic challenges on motherhood, womanhood, children, and the issue of GBV. It has become evident in numerous families that societal role of mothers has shifted immensely. As a result, many scholars decided to study the various components of motherhood. Hence, the objective of this paper is to comprehend motherhood in society and its acceptance in the domestic domain. Becoming a mother was not the mother’s decision, it was a response to sociocultural pressure that held women accountable pertaining to children. Women had distinct motherhood experiences, but it is kept secret from the family and society. The issue of GBV cause mothers to face immense pressure in a morally acceptable motherhood society. Therefore, mothers have a very negative perception of motherhood, particularly in a highly demanding patriarchal society.

The last decades have seen an increase in entrepreneurial development based on innovation. Having access to innovation and setting up a business in a country that can serve as an innovationenabler can increase the degree of attractiveness of that respective country. Governments around the world have adopted innovation-centered views and implemented relevant policies to serve as a driver for reaching high competitiveness and to ensure a more rapid economic and, implicitly, social progress. The aim of the paper is to present the top ten countries in the world in their evolution specific to the Global Innovation Index (GII) for the 2021-2023 period. The research methodology is based on a qualitative method. The paper shows that the top ten ranked countries in the world using this specific index remained the same for the investigated period, also maintaining a fairly constant relative position for the three years subject to analysis, Switzerland being the acknowledged leader.

The automotive industry has always represented a key sector within the economy of any country. Moreover, its significant contribution to the gross domestic product of many countries transformed this industry into one of the main pillars of the global economy. Therefore, numerous countries have built and produced various motor vehicles on different continents. The purpose of the paper is to briefly present and analyze the evolution of the world motor vehicle production on the four continents (Europe, America, Asia-Oceania, and Africa) in the period 2018-2022. The research methodology is based on a qualitative research method. The paper shows that the pre-pandemic period was a better period for the automotive industry than the pandemic period. Also, it demonstrates that AsiaOceania dominates the production hierarchy by continents.

Action nominalizations are employed in business English to attain a higher degree of condensation, abstraction, and accuracy. This paper reports on a corpus-based study of the actual usage patterns of -tion nominals in business news. In contrast to previous corpus-based studies of nominalizations, we adopt a syntactic approach and focus on the realization of the argument structure of -tion nominals. The primary aim of the paper is to shed light on the formal characteristics of the action nominalization patterns in business English, as well as to identify tendencies in the usage of -tion nominals in business writing.

This paper tackles the speaking skill, in general, and its role in language teaching and learning, focusing also on various ways of developing it, in particular by the employment of the debate technique EFL/ ESP classes. The theoretical part of the paper further deals with several definitions of the debate technique, with the classification of debates and with the advantages brought by the implementation of debates in EFL/ ESP classes – in particular as far as the enhancement of the learners’ speaking skills is concerned. The practical part of the paper proposes a case study which consists of an experiment that will highlight the benefits of the debate technique when adequately used in the Business English teaching and learning processes.

The purpose of this paper is to further strengthen the belief within the academic, professional and policy making communities about the need to speed up the adoption of Agriculture 4.0 technologies in the Romanian farms as the grassroot constituents of the national agriculture in order to secure their future competitiveness in the context of new European agricultural policies and regulations. A review of the most influential papers and the bibliometric mapping of articles on change management as well as ways to accelerate change processes through change agents is discussed. Agrinnovator is the think tank of young digital agriculture practitioners in the Romanian farms. Their public policy proposal to create The Farm Technology Officers Program in order to accelerate digitalization through relevant change agents is also discussed. Their interviews highlighted the need for government support in creating scale and impetus for the digitalization of agriculture. It is deemed to be a structural countrywide change that will happen faster if the adequate change agents are used.

In the 2022-2023 school year, about 47% of candidates were admitted to their first-choice high school, while 1.44% were not admitted to any school. This research paper explores the dynamics of Romania's educational landscape, focusing on the National Evaluation Exams in the 2022-2023 school year. The paper investigates the path of pupils who, despite obtaining passing final admission scores, were not assigned in the first admission round to an upper-secondary educational facility. Two crucial research questions guide this study: on one hand, how many of these students competed in a different county than their residential county? On the other hand, what similarities and differences exist among them in terms of performance at the National Exam and average scores in the lower-secondary educational cycle? The findings aim to shed light on the challenges and opportunities within Romania's education system.

In recent decades, although most tourists have made several trips during a year, the average length of their vacations has decreased. The tendency to reduce the average length of stay of tourists has been evident in many destinations around the world in recent years. The purpose of this paper is to conduct an analysis of how the average length of stay of tourists in the main categories of destinations in Romania has evolved over the last decade, providing details about the evolution regarding tourist destinations located in the Romanian Black Sea coastal area. Starting from the possible causes identified in this paper, of the almost continuous decrease in the average length of stay in these destinations, we consider it necessary to undertake more in-depth studies, to find out the causes of these developments, which will be the basis of future development and marketing strategies regarding the respective tourist resorts.

This paper investigates workaholism, initially identified as an uncontrollable urge to work incessantly, evolving from a positive work ethic to a recognized psychological and behavioral disorder. It explores the nuanced development of workaholism, examining its transition within professional and psychological contexts. The paper delves into the psychological factors contributing to workaholism, such as inherent personality traits and examines the role of organizational environments and societal norms in fostering workaholic behaviors. It highlights how specific workplace cultures and societal attitudes towards productivity and achievement can exacerbate workaholic tendencies. The article aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of workaholism's psychological, behavioral, and socio-cultural dimensions, emphasizing the need for a shift towards balanced and sustainable work practices in modern professional environments to address workaholism and enhance overall workforce well-being and productivity.

In this scientific paper, we will conduct a multiple regression analysis using the nongovernmental credit (NGC) as the dependent variable and the inflation rate, unemployment rate and the M2 – money supply as independent variables, over a ten-year period, specifically the period of 2013-2022. The study was conducted analyzing the macroeconomic data of Romania and the purpose of this paper is to perform multiple regression analysis method to determine how turbulences such as the pandemic crisis, the Russian-Ukrainian war, and the energy crisis, have impacted the nongovernmental lending activity and to find whether there is a significant association as determining factors (a correlation) between the mentioned variables.

The main purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how important it is for the Ministry of Internal Affairs to have a sufficient budget to carry out the missions entrusted by law. The Ministry of Internal Affairs has very important responsibilities in terms of maintaining public order and intervention in emergency situations. The Romanian Police, the Romanian Gendarmerie, the Romanian Border Police, which are in charge of maintaining public order, as well as the General Inspectorate for Emergency Situations, which is in charge of extinguishing fires and providing first aid through SMURD ambulances, are active within the Ministry of Internal Affairs. In this paper, the possible negative impacts of the application of the Government’s Emergency Ordinances regarding some fiscal-budgetary measures, adopted in 2023, will be presented.

The financial system and its components are of interest to economists, researchers and practitioners in the field of banking finance. In Romania more than 77% of the total assets of the financial system are represented by the banking component. Based on this evidence, the paper is an empirical analysis of the evolution of the volume and structure of banking assets in Romania in the period 2020-2023. By analysing the share of foreign versus domestic capital, we also wanted to draw attention to a possible risk of contagion, as external factors have emerged in recent years and are currently affecting the economic and financial balance. The motivation for this paper comes from the fact that the structure and share of foreign capital in the Romanian banking system shows how sensitive the system is to contagion risk. In the current period, when international events are happening rapidly, the study is timely.

This paper explores the impact of implementing chatbots in the internal audit process of public education entities. The study analyzes the efficiency and effectiveness of chatbots in optimizing audit operations, highlighting benefits such as increasing efficiency, improving audit quality and facilitating communication between auditors and institution staff. The results highlight the significant contributions of chatbots in reducing administrative burdens, saving resources and creating a more transparent and adaptable audit process. The paper provides relevant insights for public entities seeking to integrate emerging technologies into their internal audit practices, highlighting the importance of chatbots in the effective evolution of this field.

Since the turn of the century, the global market environment has become hypercompetitive. As the pace of technological novelty continues to abruptly advance, the competition between enterprises will be more intense. In order to meet customer expectations and quickly respond to market changes, enterprises has to apply agility to their processes, products and/or services. It is basically a winning business philosophy and mindset that should be part of any organizational culture as agility conducts to productivity gains, quality improvement and innovation. The aims of the paper are to define the agile enterprise concept and briefly characterize this type of enterprise. To reach the goals of the paper, the author used a qualitative research method based on a desk research exploration. The paper contributes to a better understanding of the agile enterprise concept. Also, it briefly illustrates some of the key features of agile enterprises that led to their expansion worldwide.

The competition between enterprises has become more fiercely as they have the possibility to easily move across national boundaries to exploit opportunities in other countries or markets. The turbulent market environment imposes enterprises, irrespective of their size, industry and geographical region, to permanently adapt to its everchanging conditions. This is why they have tried to identify and implement various techniques and methods in their activities and processes in order to attain high levels of competitiveness. One of them is branding, a powerful marketing tool and an important aspect of any business. The paper aims to briefly define the brand concept and present the evolution of ten world’s most valuable brands in the period 2018-2023. In this respect, the author used a qualitative research method. The results of the paper concludes that the American brands have dominated the hierarchy. Amazon and Apple were the two main competitors for the global supremacy.

The hospitality, restaurant and catering (HoReCa) sector is one of the largest producers of food waste globally. This paper aims to identify how digital technologies can be used to manage food waste in the HoReCa sector as well as the digital tools available. Digital tools powered by Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things and Big Data, such as smart software solutions for storage spaces, cameras, sensors, along with mobile apps, are able to improve foodservice units management regarding food waste. Significant quantities of food can be saved by automating waste tracking, inventory management and delivery times, kitchen processes and redistribution. Many technology providers developed a large variety of digital tools addressed to different activities inside the restaurants. The paper concludes that adopting digital technologies is very important in food waste management and HoReCa sector can use various digital tools.

The current article presents the importance of colours in day-by-day life of online marketing. With the accelerating progress in science as well as information and technology, marketing is always changing. The neuroscience of colour in relation to customer conviction is one of the numerous topics studied in marketing. As a starting point, the paper opens with a brief theoretical presentation of the consumer behaviour as the central element of marketing, while in the second part, a study of colours is clarifying the link between them and the perception of the customers. A good reason for everything that follows is represented by the fact that colour is pervasive and a source of knowledge. The paper presents the level of importance that colours represents in everyday online marketing. Marketing is permanently changing with rapid advances in science, information and technology.

The economic activity of any entity generates a complex, diverse and fluctuating system of economic and legal relations with services beneficiaries, product buyers, staff, the state budget, other legal entities and individuals. The relationships established in order to achieve the object of activity lead, due to the time gap in the fulfillment of financial obligations, to the appearance of receivables. This paper highlights the concept of receivables through the synthesis of literature, but also the bibliometric analysis, which allows for a clear picture of the extent and quality of scientific research in the direction of the analyzed issue, that is, accounting and receivables analysis. Likewise, the paper sheds light on the importance of the analysis of receivables, having as "raw material" financial-accounting information, or, the adequate management of the size, structure and maturity terms of the entity's receivables will lead to its prosperity.

The pandemic has caused enormous economic costs by affecting banks, governments and financial markets. In this context, the main purpose of this paper is to show that cryptocurrencies have become one of the most traded financial assets in the last decade. The overall objective pursued in the paper was the major effect on the global economy and financial markets that the COVID-19 Pandemic had and which was the first real global shock since the first cryptocurrency was launched in 2009 until now. Natural disasters and pandemics are a source of contagion in global financial markets and an emerging line of research. Financial contagion can be the result of both financial and non-financial events, but in both cases, assessments require defining a timeframe.

This paper examines the concept of digitalization of medical services as well as the role it plays in managing the risk of malpractice. Starting from the applications of technology in the medical field, this paper aims to analyze the possible effects and implications on the professional error committed in the exercise of the medical act that created damages. The article addresses a niche topic, in an area of strict specialty and interest. The authors debate aspects of the activity of providing medical assistance and the associated risk of malpractice in the context generated by new technologies. The research methodology used is mainly based on the review and synthesis of the existing literature.The conclusions are intended to be an invitation to academic dialogue and a starting point for researchers and practitioners.

This paper investigates and presents the importance and usefulness of building resilience in business and companies especially during the frequent processes of business internationalization. The paper describes as well the importance and role of fostering resilience as well to mitigate and deal with the possible controlled and uncontrolled risks that may occur and hit companies and business during internationalizing their products and services. The research questions are “how important is business resilience for business and companies?” and “what risks may companies and business face during their business operation and internationalization?” The used research method to fulfill this research started from an initial literature review that was conducted and developed concerning the concepts of this research. As the used method is more qualitative, in order to analyze the mutual connection between business, internationalization and resilience a case study was conducted. The results showed that fostering business resilience needs to start with business resilience model as suggest in the results to mitigate the anticipated and unanticipated risks, some of the highest unanticipated risks are cyber-attacks, geopolitical, nature disaster risks business To sum up, internationalization can be a key to expand the revenue and company’s business but to internationalize, it is important to follow a business resilience model.

The circular economy and medical waste management (MWM) are important for protecting the environment and human health. In the healthcare sector, the circular economy can be applied by reusing medical equipment, recycling materials from medical waste and adopting more sustainable practices such as reducing energy consumption and using more environmentally friendly materials. Clearly, reusing medical equipment reduces the amount of medical waste and can reduce costs. The authors intend through this paper to address MWM in Romania within a more sustainable circular system, attempting to identify the pros and cons, as well as the limitations, of a massive shift of MWM to circular economy principles. The structure of this paper includes, following this introductory part (1): Theoretical background (2), Research methodology (3), Circular economy and the healthcare waste management system (4), Approaching healthcare waste management within a more sustainable circular system (5), Limits of the massive shift of MWM to circular economy principles (6) and Conclusions (7).

This paper explores the potential application and challenges of blockchain technology in addressing the complex issues surrounding international migration within the African Union (AU). It provides an overview of blockchain technology, its features, and potential applications. The paper delves into the pressing challenges faced by the AU concerning international migration, including illegal migration, human trafficking, and the absence of secure and efficient systems for processing and tracking migrants. By utilizing blockchain technology, this paper examines how these challenges can be mitigated through secure and transparent identity verification, improved movement tracking, and enhanced access to services. Furthermore, this paper discusses the existing literature on the topic, highlighting blockchain technology's potential benefits and challenges in the context of international migration within the AU. The paper concludes with recommendations for future research and the adoption of blockchain technology to address the challenges of international migration within the AU.

Using Montenegro as a case study, this paper evaluates the viability of currency substitution, in this case euroization, as a response to increased financial volatility. Proponents of euroization outline a series of expected benefits, while critics point to what they perceive as much larger costs. The paper contrasts the macroeconomic developments of Montenegro and how it fared during the Global Financial Crisis and the shock triggered by the Covid-19 pandemic with the performance of its regional peers and the euro area overall. The findings are contrasted to how the various expectations played out for Montenegro, drawing further lessons on the role of monetary policy and domestic monetary sovereignty.

This paper examines the institutionalisation of the Financial Services Regulations Act, in South Africa which gave effect to a Twin Peaks Financial Regulation Model. The aim of the paper is to introduce an institutional logics framework that financial services institutions may use to identify enabling and disabling institutional assumptions, principles and values that lead to a successful institutionalisation of a Twin Peaks Financial Regulatory Model in a developmental state. Institutional logics, a strand of institutional theory, is the lens through which this paper examines the institutionalisation of the Twin Peaks regulatory regime in South Africa. South Africa is the only country in the African continent that has implemented the Twin Peaks regulatory Model; and is one of only 38 OECD countries that implemented the Twin Peaks model. The paper critiques the societal and institutional considerations that shaped the development of the Twin Peaks Model in South Africa.

The practice of transfer pricing for the purpose of fiscal optimization has become the center of attention in recent years due to the negative impact it has on the tax base, the state budget and competition. In this paper, we analyzed the functioning of transfer prices from two points of view, the value of fiscal optimization and the value of the market. The purpose was to determine the key indicators that address transfer prices in order to optimize the tax to come up with recommendations that could inhibit this practice. The results of the paper showed that the indicators are sales revenue, tax level and profit. So, the proposed recommendations considered the three indicators and the main recommendation regarding the profit involves the taxation of profit at the level of the value that would be realized under the conditions of the sale at the market price.

The objective of this paper is to show the role of the Public Employment Service (PES) regarding the connection between employers and the unemployed on the labour market. In this respect, PES is the government institution that, through its activities, provides employers and the unemployed with the necessary information and undertakes concrete actions to bring the two actors of the labour market closer together. For this purpose, several researches were carried out regarding the activity of the PES in different situations, including during periods of crisis. In this paper, we analyse the level of cooperation between NEA and employers in the Republic of Moldova. In the given case, a questionnaire was developed to assess the aspects related to the cooperation between NEA and employers. The sample included 350 employers from different fields of activity that operate in both urban and rural areas. The obtained results show that the level of cooperation between NEA and organizations depends on their size, location and field of activity.

This paper examines the concept of edupreneurship and its impact on the education system. Edupreneurship is an innovative approach that combines elements of entrepreneurship and education, aiming to transform and improve the learning process. The paper highlights the main characteristics of edupreneurship, including initiative, creativity, risk-taking and entrepreneurship. The benefits of edupreneurship in terms of developing key 21st century skills such as critical thinking, problem solving and collaboration are also analysed. A relevant case study is also presented, illustrating how edupreneurs are contributing to the transformation of education systems in Romania. The paper highlights the importance of support and collaboration between education, business and government to promote edupreneurship. By implementing edupreneurship, we can create an educational system adapted to the needs of society and prepared for the challenges of the future.

This paper illustrates the role of phrasal verbs in business communication (a business environment). With the world’s economy becoming increasingly global, the desire and ability to compete in the global economy are some of the greatest challenges facing business today. Organizations will want to negotiate, consider joint ventures, adapt products for an international market. All of this involves communication, which is crucial to business and, therefore, communication skills are vital. A discussion about business communication should consider a wide array of elements, such as: verbal communication, nonverbal communication, paralanguage (intonation, tone of voice, pitch), the personal psychological traits of the people involved in that business, their attitudes, perceptions and behavior, the speakers’ status, their managerial qualities, qualifications, knowledge, skills and abilities, experience, interests and needs, the general economic, social and even political context. This paper mainly focuses on the use of phrasal verbs (and collocations) in this type of communication.

This paper contributes to the development of accounting research by presenting a bibliometric analysis of scientific accounting studies that are concerned with fiscal topics during the period 2017- 2022. The study was carried out on a sample of 555 articles published by specialized journals in the field of accounting. The clarity of the presentation is enhanced by the visual reflection of the main results with the help of color bibliometric maps and clustering techniques. The use of VOSviewer allowed us to present the findings in an easy-to-interpret graphical representation. Keywords, word occurrence, relevance of words in titles, and author citation were targeted. The study resulted in the identification of multiple results of interest both for academics and for the general interest involved with expanding knowledge and substantiating financial decisions on a solid basis of evidence and legal rigor. This paper can represent a relevant reference point for future research.

The digital age in which we live has brought changes to the financial and payments industry. Whereas until recently banknotes and coins were in power, in recent years electronic money has become the main player in payments. Due to political regimes up to the 1990s, Eastern European countries were late to access financial innovations. However, in recent years, the market for bank cards has been dynamic in this part of the EU as well. This paper analyses the types of cards present on the Hungarian, Bulgarian and Romanian markets. The comparative study of the evolution of the number of cards over a period of 7 years will show us which are the common and individual characteristics. The paper is relevant for analysts and the public because it also captures the period of the Covid 19 pandemic. At the end some directions for future studies are presented.

Considered one of the major threats of our times for the human species, air pollution was proven to have multiple psychological, social and economic effects. In the last two decades, the relationship between air pollution and the stock market was analysed mainly for the Chinese stock market, with very few papers oriented towards other markets. The present paper tries to fulfil this gap by exploring this relationship for the Romanian stock market. The main results show that relative pollution values (mainly PM10) and pollution awareness impact stock returns in Bucharest Stock Market, in line with the assumption of the Mood Maintenance Hypothesis.

This paper, entitled "Cryptocurrency Trading", is a research study covering theoretical and practical notions about cryptocurrencies and their trading in financial markets. We chose this topic because cryptocurrencies and the technology behind them have revolutionised the financial sector and even now, after a period of time since their emergence and a period of time in which they have been used, cryptocurrencies raise some questions. The main objective of this paper is to show that, in the financial markets, cryptocurrencies are assets that promise a high return, i.e. a good short-term investment. The specific objectives have been highlighted by elaborating a study presenting the ways in which cryptocurrencies are traded in the financial markets and by conducting an analysis on them. The aim of this paper is to show that cryptocurrencies Bitcoin,Ethereum and ADA are the most popular and show functionality and market capitalization.

This paper includes an analysis of the economic and financial markets of the emerging countries of the European Union. The evolution of these markets is captured primarily in the context of the phenomena of globalization and deglobalization, but also in view of the economic, social and political conjunctures that these countries have experienced during the twenty years of transition from border markets to economies integrated with the European market. The study includes a descriptive analysis applied to the selected markets over a period of twenty years, based on the selected methodology. Analyzing on a long-term the evolution of the markets of Romania, Hungary, Poland and Greece through a comparative approach, the paper highlights similarities and differences in the developments of the Emerging European markets, as well as the degree of reaction to the major events that had an impact on the economic and financial environment of the European Union.

In the last decades, banking has become an impressive global affair. This changing orientation of the big banks’ activities has led to the expansion of their operations at a global scale but raised difficult issues related to their capacity to manage their liquidity and to face various financial shocks worldwide. The competition among global banks has become much more severe in recent years as customers expect higher confidence from them. This is why more and more banks should design and implement customer-centric business models, ensure a higher cybersecurity, and drive digitization across their whole organizations. The goal of the paper is to briefly analyze the competition among the largest banks of the world within the global banking system in the period 2020-2021 by taking into account their Tier 1 capital, assets and market capitalization. The paper concludes that the Chinese banks were the main actors in the global banking system in the period 2020-2021.

This paper deals with the assessment of the students’ ESP writing skills and, more specifically, with the influence that the Assessment for Learning strategies have on the development of their writing skills. The first part of the paper is dedicated to the analysis of the similarities and differences between several theoretical concepts, such as assessment, evaluation, examination, feedback, and test. Test items and scoring methods (i.e., holistic scoring, primary trait scoring and analytic scoring) are also discussed in this theoretical part. The second part of the paper presents a case study proposal based on the hypothesis according to which the employment of Assessment for Learning strategies contributes in a consistent manner to the enhancement of the learners’ ESP writing skills.

The present paper aims at giving a brief insight into the concepts of neurological levels and analyzes the fact that, as the levels contain more congruent information - and through exercise we can realize and become aware of this - the more our relationship with ourselves and with others acquires a richer consistency in meanings. The Pyramid of Neurological Levels stands out for its universality, usefulness, and all these levels work simultaneously and are characteristic of everyone. Congruence is presented in this paper as the expression of the manifestation of the objective at each separate neurological level. The paper will also discuss learning models of the subconscious and the fact that we have the possibility and the power to use our conscious mind to change, shape, direct the path of the subconscious towards the path we want.

This paper represents qualitative research of the concept of taxonomy within the European Union (EU), drafted with the sole purpose of establishing the presence of the environmental elements specific to sustainable development within the economic activity. The EU taxonomy is an important mechanism which offers coherence in using every instrument conceived for accomplishing the ecological objectives of the environment. The concept of taxonomy refers to the investment funds of big economic entities within EU and beyond, which need to provide information about their environmental related activities. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the cooperation between the regulation authorities and the technical experts in the domain (TEG), which offer a starting point in this journey from their experience with environmental, social and governance (ESG) information reporting. Therefore, the intention EU has regarding the taxonomy is guiding the capital towards the ecological and the implementation of a new universally available classification system of sustainable investments at an international level.

ISO certification is a recognition of the fact that an organization meets international standards in its field of activity. The anti-bribery management system, recommended by the ISO 37001/2016 standard, is designed to help organizations in the fight against corruption, and to build a culture of integrity and transparency aimed at reducing the incidence of bribery in organizations. Starting from the premise that a company's commitment to exemplary ethical principles in business is a critical element of any successful organization with an appreciated image, the present paper has purpose of highlighting the role played by the implementation of the anti-bribery standard in the company's strategy, as well as the benefits that are generated by its application. Ethical practices in business through the ISO 37001 certification also involve going through some stages that will be detailed and taking also into account the action of influential factors in gaining the trust of business partners, authorities and clients.

Fiscal risk can arise in countries where the government applies a tax system that has only one purpose, to bring revenue to the budget. If a country wants to attract investors from other countries, it must apply a proper tax system, without high taxes, because those investors will be tempted to migrate to other countries with a more permissive tax system, perhaps even to those countries considered tax havens. In addition to all this, an important role in implementing a tax risk-free tax system is also globalisation. Nor should we forget inflation, which can occur and lead to a high tax risk, which can result in an erosion of the income of enterprises and a decrease in profitability. The objective of the paper is to highlight the tax risk to which an enterprise is subject in various situations (inflation, globalisation) and their effects.

This paper analyzes and presents oil and gas production, exports and imports as critical business operations in globalization and internationalization in a shape of an analytical approach. The research methodology began with a literature review to the research topic then there was a focus on data analysis and description by creating a business model and framework that illustrates the connection and the trajectory between the oil and gas industry and business internationalization. The main research question is “Are oil and gas production, exports and imports critical business internationalization operations?” Some of the results showed that the business internationalization strategy needs to meet the criteria and regulations of the oil and gas business from the country of origin to the country of destination. In conclusion, oil and gas remain powerful energy sources compared to renewables due to the beneficial use. There is always a huge connection between the oil and gas industry and the oil and gas business internationalization operation since production, exports and imports are important driving factors in international trade, business internationalization and globalization.

This paper analyzes and presents Multinational Companies as a business Internationalization driving strategy with a focus on their implications for business values. The research methodology began with a literature review then there was a focus on data analysis and description. The research questions are “what are the characteristics of multinational companies for business internationalization?” And “what implications, reasons and goals are there?” Some of the results illustrated that multinational companies are very important for business internationalization since they are one of the main internationalization strategy but they may face some restrictions, losses or possible difficulties in negotiations abroad. Taxes and the unpredictable risks may make them an object to sudden losses. In conclusion, Internationalization has been so far a relevant step for companies and businesses to leave the difficulties of domestic narrow markets and similarities. Some business operations of multinational companies such as outsourcing, licensing, exports or FDIs should focus more on the contracting process and locations.

This paper examines the central role of European environmental law in promoting sustainable development, regional integration, and globalisation. It examines the evolution of European environmental law, highlighting its historical development and its importance in the European sustainable development agenda. The relationship between European environmental law and regional integration is analysed, with an emphasis on cooperation between Member States and harmonisation of national legislation. It also discusses the contribution of European environmental law to global efforts to address environmental challenges, including the convergence of international standards and the role of the EU in international negotiations and agreements.

By examining the mechanisms and practices used by the EU to promote public participation in environmental policy formulation and implementation, the study aims to highlight their importance in advancing global governance and regional cooperation for environmental protection. The paper begins with an overview of the current state of global environmental challenges and the importance of effective governance in addressing them. It highlights the growing recognition of the role of public participation in environmental policy-making and the need for inclusiveness and transparency in decision-making processes. It then examines the theoretical background to the concepts of transparency and public participation in environmental governance, highlighting their integration in international environmental agreements and the EU legal framework. The study reviews relevant literature on best practices and successful models of public participation in environmental decision-making.

This paper aims to systematically reconstruct and analyze both typical and atypical models of fraud schemes prevalent in various sectors and channels of the modern landscape. It seeks to explore and delineate the evolving tools and strategies developed to combat the spread of fraud. The primary focus is not to provide an exhaustive analysis of the entire scope of specialized literature on fraud, but rather to offer an insightful description of various forms of fraudulent behavior within a company context, highlighting their prevalence and consequences. This approach allows for a nuanced understanding of fraud dynamics, contributing significantly to the field of fraud detection and prevention.

In the intricate and interconnected global economic landscape, the presence of international economic crime poses a subtle yet profound menace to stability and equity. The objective of the present study is to uncover the concealed associations through which international economic crime exerts its influence, as well as to shed light on its impact on economic systems and global governance. by applying an bibliometric approach, our research analyzes the patterns, prevailing themes, and indirectly, the gaps in the current body of literature, thereby facilitating a deeper understanding of the dynamics and repercussions of this intricate quandary. Such an analysis is imperative for the formulation of effective policies to combat economic crime on an international scale, as well as for the enhancement of mechanisms for cross-border cooperation. Finally, this paper adds to the academic dialogue and the formulation of strategies to counter this form of crime, which is essential for ensuring a more transparent and equitable global economic environment.

The BRICS countries, namely Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa, are dynamically driven emerging economies that have experienced rapid growth and significant political transformations in recent decades. This article examines the challenges and opportunities faced by the BRICS countries in enhancing governance and implementing comprehensive public administration reforms. Each country has its unique political, social, and economic context, resulting in diverse challenges. These include corruption, bureaucratic inefficiencies, lack of transparency, inadequate public service delivery, and uneven regional development. This paper aims to explore the challenges and opportunities in governance and public administration reform within the context of BRICS, the unique characteristics and commonalities of BRICS countries, identifies key challenges in governance and public administration, and proposes strategies to harness the opportunities for reform. The findings of this research provide valuable insights for policymakers and practitioners in BRICS countries and beyond.

On October 7, 2023, a forceful military action of the Palestinian organization Hamas in Israel triggered dreadful humanitarian consequences for Israel, which immediately adopted resolute measures against Hamas, with subsequent impact on heightened geopolitical risks in the Middle East. The purpose of this article is to explore the historical context of geopolitical situation in Israel, the social, economic and political main challenges. The paper also discusses potential solutions that might prove adequate to restore the relations in the Middle East and appease the existing conflicts. The analysis explores the geopolitical considerations on foreign relations normalization processes in Middle East, with a focus on “2002 Arab Peace Initiative”. Furthermore, it presents the possible geoeconomic impact of the Israel-Hamas conflict on Europe, discussing the main risks for the global economy. The preliminary conclusions indicate the "two-state solution" still emerging as the most appropriate to achieve lasting peace in the Middle East.

Innovation has the potential to increase the competitiveness and efficiency of economies. Environmental innovation helps companies improve the use of valuable resources and generate sustainable solutions that reduce the negative impact of the economy on the environment. In this paper, we provide a background on eco-innovation and methods to measure it. The purpose of this study is to underline the importance of eco-innovation for business reputation and to identify the main discrepancies between the post-socialist countries in terms of eco-innovation. Despite significant differences between countries and economic sectors, there are not enough companies implementing eco-innovation on the scale that is needed. Of all the post-socialist countries, the Czech Republic is the best practical example for eco-innovation activities. Despite the opportunities that environmental innovation presents to companies, more efforts are required to close the implementation gap