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Introduction: Congenital absence of teeth is one of the most prevalent craniofacial malformation and dental disorder. Hypodontia may present with varying degrees of severity. The absence of all teeth (anodontia) is rare. Based on epidemiological studies, it is more common in the permanent dentition, then in deciduous teeth. Objective: The aim of the present study was to compare the dento-alveolar changes, on panoramic radiographs, between patients with hypodontia from the case group and subjects without tooth agenesis from the control group. Method: Measurements were performed on panoramic radiographs. The results were compared between the patients with hypodontia and the subjects from the control group. Dento-alveolar linear and angular measurements were performed. The mean age of the 60 subjects was 14.15 ± 4.48 years, to which a control group was assigned with a mean age 13.98 ± 4.07 years. 70% of the study population were female and 30% were male. Results: We found statistically significant differences between the case group and the control group in the case of transverse measurements and unilateral linear measurements (p<0.01). Conclusion: Hypodontia will affect the transversal development of mandibular dento-alveolar structures, and will cause the decrease of gonial angle.

Introduction: The incidence of congenital hypodontia is increasing in daily practice. Early diagnosis of this dental disorder and the associated skeletal malocclusions is crucial for successful and stable final rehabilitation., Aim: Comparison of cephalometric findings of patients with hypodontia of 1-4 teeth with the measurement results of the control group without teeth agenesis., Material and Method: We evaluated the lateral X-ray of 41 patients with 1-4 teeth agenesis selected from patients referred for orthodontic treatment to the Orthodontic Department of the University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Târgu Mureş within a two-year period. The results were compared with the values of the age and sex matched control group., Results: Bilateral upper incisor and lower bicuspid were missing in most of the hypodontia cases. When looking at the NSGn angle predicting the growth direction of the mandible, statistically significant differences were found between the male (p = 0.012), the front (p = 0.010) and the hypodontia group (p = 0.024) and the control group. Regarding the ANB angle, which shows the sagittal position of the maxilla to the mandible, statistically significant differences were found between the subgroups (women, men, anterior or posterior hypodontia) and the control group., Conclusion: Larger number of skeletal class 3 and vertical hypodivergent tendency were observed in the hypodontia group. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(6): 214-219.

Introduction: Teeth, as an integral part of human organism, are not exceptions from the physical anthropology changes caused by biological evolution and the way of living. Different stress factors and the natural selection are contributing to the emphasis of certain morphological characteristics., Aim: Comparison of dental metric characteristics and the presence of accessory tooth cusps between human remains from the Middle Ages and dental study models of today's patients., Material and Method: Morphological characteristics of 132 teeth from 19 skulls and 694 teeth on dental models of 30 patients were examined. The mesiodistal, incisivocervical and buccolingual diameters of crowns were measured by a validated 2D image analysis method. Carabelli and talon cusps were also examined using a magnifying glass., Results: Statistically significant differences between the size of the 14th-century and the present-day teeth were found in some of the teeth groups. In medieval artifacts, lateral teeth had smaller crown width than teeth measured in the contemporary population. The Carabelli cusps found in the archeological human remains belonged to grades 1 and 3 on Dahlberg scale (23.07%), while the Carabelli cusps observed in the contemporary group belonged to grades 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 (50.90%). Talon cusp occurred only once in the contemporary group., Conclusion: In case of the contemporary teeth, the Carabelli cusps appeared in a more pronounced morphological form and with a higher frequency, which emphasizes the European origin of today's population. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(30): 1235-1240.

Introduction: The precise knowledge of the position of canalis mandibulae and foramen mandibulae is important for surgical and endodontic interventions on the mandible., Aim: The aim of the study is to examine the position of these anatomical landmarks in different vertical facial types., Method: In the panorama radiograph of 26 normodivergent, 26 hypodivergent and 28 hyperdivergent arthritis (total of 1360 measurements) we measured the distance between the canalis mandibulae and interdental septums, the apex of the lateral teeth, the mandibular base, the goniac angle, and the steepness of the canal and the distance the foramen mandibulae to the anterior and posterior margin of the ramus., Results: ANOVA and t-test statistical analysis showed that the foramen mandibulae is farer from the posterior margin of the ramus in hipodivergent facial types, in hyperdivergent facial types the canalis mandibulae was closer to the root apex of posterior teeth and in hypodivergent types to the base of the mandible. In normal and hyperdivergent individuals, the canalis mandibulae runs steeper and in the course of running it is increasingly distanced from the tangent to the base of the mandible., Conclusion: The position of the canalis mandibulae and the foramen mandibulae showed significant differences in the different vertical facial types. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(46): 1841-1847.