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Introduction: The surgical removal of an impacted lower third molar (LM3) is a commonoperation that generally requires the elevation of a mucoperiosteal flap. The triangularand envelope flap designs have been extensively studied and are mostly described in theliterature. However, in Denmark, a technique where the papilla between the adjacentsecond and first molar is spared (papilla sparing flap [PSF]), is used. This has limitedpresence in the literature. The aims were to identify which flap dental students andprofessionals utilised in LM3 removal, and to evaluate the evidence-based approach thatwas taken.Materials and Methods: Dental students and dental professionals were invited tocomplete a 10-item questionnaire on flap technique in third molar removal.Results: The majority of respondents were dental practitioners (N =141) stating thatthey used the PSF design. Almost half that undertook the PSF were aware of the envelopeand triangular designs. The majority (N =159) did not know where to locate the body ofevidence to support their technique.Conclusion: The majority (N =131) of respondents used the PSF. To align to a moreevidence-based approach, it may be that a re-evaluation of the design taught/used isneeded, which can also aid in better predicting postoperative outcomes.

Throughout adult life, there is a physiological decline in almost all body systems and with a greater proportion of population living to old age, dental practitioners will need to provide operative intervention in more medically complex patients. Dental implants are a common modality for the replacement of missing teeth; however, implant failure and associated disease present complex challenges to clinicians. Therefore, the aim of this narrative review is to discuss the cardiovascular, respiratory, haematological, endocrine, and musculoskeletal systems with respect to diseases affecting patients of an older age which can impact dental implant treatment.

Aim: To ascertain the perceptions and experiences of candidates of national recruitment and multi-station interviews for the selection of oral surgery specialty trainees to UK during the first 3 years of being introduced. Material and methods: A pre-piloted questionnaire was administered in paper format to applicants immediately following completion of the final recruitment day. Applicants were asked six questions regarding appropriateness of each of the stations using a Likert scales (1 strongly disagree to 5 strongly agree). Results: During a 3-year period, feedback was favourable for those stations most likely to be associated with a career in oral surgery, which was in stark contrast to the critical appraisal station which consistently received feedback regarding the time allocated to it. Survey feedback each year was presented to the working group and helped to develop and inform future stations. Conclusions: Candidates considered national recruitment to be both a fair and transparent process, which the majority supporting the move away from traditional CV-focused interviews.

Aim: Cyst-like lesions in the mandible rarely develop into malignancies, and the re- ported incidence is between 0.3% and 2%. The present study describes a rare case of primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma of the mandible arising from an odon- togenic cyst. Materials and Methods: An 80-year-old male was referred to Trieste University Maggiore Hospital (Trieste, Italy), with acute pain in the left retromolar area. An initial examination revealed extra oral swelling without paresthesia of the IAN. Following an intraoral examination, the oral mucosa was edematous, percussion pain was experienced on the lower left second molar. Panoramic radiography revealed a re- tained lower left wisdom tooth and an irregular radiolucent area between the lower left second molar and the mandibular angle with clear margins. Computed tomography re- vealed diffuse bone resorption and an extensive loss of cortical bone on the lingual side. Results: A biopsy was performed during the surgery to remove the second lower left molar and the wisdom tooth, the pathological diagnosis was of squamous cell carcinoma arising from the epithelial lining of the odontogenic cyst. MRI with contrast agent was also performed. Shortly after the patient has been proposed a complete resective surgery of the mass including the infiltrated areas and then a reconstructive part to restore the function and aesthetic. Conclusion: The follow-up of a large inflammatory cyst is essential for early diagnosis of malignant neoplasm. This approach allows lower invasive treatments and major survival of these patients.