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Background Previous studies have shown that latex proteins from Plumeria pudica (LPPp) have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects in rats of LPPp on ligature-induced periodontitis, an inflammatory disease. Methods The animals were divided into groups: saline (animals without induction of periodontitis); periodontitis (induced periodontitis and untreated) and LPPp (induced periodontitis and treated with 40 mg/kg). The following parameters were evaluated after 20 consecutive days of treatment: gingival bleeding index (GBI), probing pocket depth (PPD), alveolar bone height (ABH) and gingival myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. In the hepatic tissue, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and histopathological alterations were evaluated. Blood levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were measured. Results Significant reduction of GBI, PPD and gingival MPO activity and ABH was seen in animals treated with LPPp compared to periodontitis. Values of GSH, MDA, ALT and histopathological evaluation were preserved in animals treated with LPPp. Conclusions Treatment with LPPp improved clinical aspects of periodontitis, reduced the blood and hepatic alterations and prevented alveolar bone loss. Data suggest that LPPp have potential for treatment of periodontitis.

Objective The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of bromelain (derived from Ananas comosus) upon periodontitis in rats. Materials and methods Twenty-four rats were separated into groups: control, periodontitis, and bromelain treatment. Bromelain was administered daily by intraperitoneal injection for 20 days. Periodontitis was induced by ligature around the first molars. Oral parameters and blood biomarkers were measured. The histopathological evaluation of the hepatic tissue was performed. Bromelain treatment significantly reduced several oral inflammatory parameters, alveolar bone loss, and blood biomarkers compared to the rats on periodontitis. Results Treatment with bromelain improved the steatosis score. Bromelain used in ligature-induced periodontitis in rats was able to reduce the oral inflammatory parameters Gingival Bleeding Index (GBI), tooth mobility (TM), probing pocket depth (PPD), malondialdehyde (MDA), alveolar bone height (ABH) and gingival myeloperoxidase (MPO) and blood parameters (cholesterol, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase). Bromelain treatment reduced the impact of periodontitis, such as the reduction of hepatic steatosis and improvement in the dosages of MDA and GSH. Conclusion Bromelain acts as a potential adjunct in the non-surgical treatment of periodontitis and, consequently, reduces the impact of periodontitis, acting as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant.