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Two-dimensional transitional metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) based lateral heterojunctions have emerged as appealing and intriguing materials for applications in the next generation flexible nanoelectronics. The construction of depletion region near the in-plane interface brings rich opto-electrical dynamics, which is essential for future applications. Due to the synchronous requirement of spatial and time resolution, the study of lateral heterojunction dynamics remains a challenging issue. Herein, with a home-built spatiotemporal femtosecond transient absorption (TAS) spectroscopy platform, we have investigated the ultrafast photocarrier dynamics of monolayer spatial composition-graded WS 2x Se 2(1-x) lateral heterojunctions. At the alloy interface, the charge transfer (CT) processes have been visualized and referred to occur in 1 ps time scale. The mobility difference between electrons and holes results in the space modulation of the interface and a significant broadening of rising edge on the shell region. Moreover, carrier lifetime near the interface is extraordinarily extended by over 3 times from 153 ps to 678 ps. All these results unveil its great potential in designing future low cost logic devices and ultrafast optical applications.

A supercontinuum (SC) source spanning from 2 to 4 μm is demonstrated in As 2 S 3 -chalcogenide fibers pumped by a nanosecond supercontinuum pump source in the normal dispersion region. In this experiment, two pieces of 3-m-long step-index As 2 S 3 fiber with different core diameters of 7 μm and 9 μm are pumped by a 1.9-2.5 μm nanosecond supercontinuum source. The zero dispersion wavelengths are both beyond 6.6 μm, thus cascaded stimulated Raman scattering is believed to be the dominant mechanism responsible for spectral broadening. With a low peak pump power of ~2.9 kW, both of the output spectra have extended to 4 μm with enhanced power distribution in the MIR region. The maximum output power of the mid-infrared supercontinua is ~140 mW. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first supercontinuum extenting to 4 μm in an As 2 S 3 fiber pumped by shortwave-infrared SC pluses in the normal dispersion region.

By pumping a 1.7-m-long As 2 S 3 fiber at 2050 nm directly, a fiber-based mid-infrared supercontinuum (SC) source with an output power of 366 mW is demonstrated. This is the first experimental demonstration to obtain such a mid-infrared SC in a piece of chalcogenide fiber pumped at 2 μm directly. The cut-off wavelength of the As 2 S 3 fiber is 3.5 μm, indicating that it could support several modes at around 2 μm. It is found that nonlinear spectral broadening mechanisms in the few-mode chalcogenide fiber could be affected through adjusting the butt-coupling position. That is because different positions will excite different modes that correspondingly possess different nonlinearity and dispersion characteristics. When stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) corresponding to the excitation of the fundamental mode becomes dominant in this few-mode fiber, an efficient cascaded SRS-based SC is obtained with five Stokes peaks ranging from 2 μm to 3.4 μm. Results from numerical simulation are in accord with the experimental results, showing that it is feasible to obtain an SRS based mid-infrared SC in a step-index As 2 S 3 fiber by using a 2 μm high peak power picosecond laser to pump directly.

In this paper, we report on cascaded Raman scattering (RS) in a highly germanium-doped silica fiber (HGDF) pumped by a picosecond pulsed master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) system at 1064 nm in the normal dispersion regime. Benefited by the higher Raman gain of germanium (GeO2) than silica in the core, the length of the HGDF is only several meters. The broadest output spectrum comprises of 10 orders Raman stokes waves and eventually evolves into a supercontinuum (SC) spanning from 1000 to beyond 2100 nm with an output average power up to Watt scale. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time to obtain such a broad cascaded RS spectrum in a short length of GeO2-doped step index silica fiber. We also numerically investigate the propagation of picosecond pulses in this HGDF based on the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation (GNLSE) which includes most of the dispersive and nonlinear effects, and the simulation results are in fairly good agreement with our experiments. It is believed that the numerical approach adopted in this paper is very beneficial for designing customized cascaded Raman fiber lasers before experimental implementations.