Search

Visible light communication (VLC) becomes an interesting technology for next-generation networks due to its wide license-free spectrum. However, the limited modulation bandwidth of the light sources remains a challenge for VLC networks. To address this issue, a new architecture that combines both non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and filter bank multicarrier communication (FBMC) is suggested in this paper to improve spectrum efficiency in VLC networks. However, this enhancement comes with the drawback of a high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). Therefore, this paper also proposes a three-layer hybrid PAPR reduction method based on integrating amplitude clipping (AC) and selective mapping (SLM) techniques with Lifting Wavelet Transform (LWT). The proposed method improves both the bit error rate (BER) and PAPR performances of the NOMA based FBMC-VLC network. Applying the proposed PAPR reduction method to the NOMA-based FBMC-VLC architecture achieve a notable enhancement in throughput while simultaneously improving both PAPR and BER performances. The results demonstrate a notable increase in network throughput, with gains of 9 b/s/Hz and 2 b/s/Hz in comparison to conventional FBMC and the system outlined in Hesham and Ismail (Opt Quant Electron 54:201, 2022), respectively. Furthermore, both PAPR and BER performances exhibit satisfactory improvements of 7.75 dB and 10 dB, respectively, following the application of the proposed hybrid PAPR reduction method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a novel Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) circularly polarized stacked Cylindrical Dielectric Resonant Antenna design integrated with graphene and polarization switching, propelling significant advancements in THz wireless communication. The proposed antenna achieved a wideband Impedance bandwidth of 3.12 THz, complemented by an overlapping Axial Ratio (AR) bandwidth (ARBW) of 2.01 THz, respectively. The antenna incorporates a new Defected Ground Structure to generate a wideband frequency response. The integration of graphene on top of the DRAs further enhances the antenna's performance, significantly boosting gain and radiation efficiency. A standout feature of this antenna is its seamless switching capability between Left-Hand Circular Polarization and Right-Hand Circular Polarization, making it highly adaptable for diverse communication scenarios. Additionally, the resonant frequency of the antenna can be precisely tuned by varying the graphene chemical potential (µc), offering enhanced flexibility. The paper also investigates a 2 × 2 MIMO configuration with excellent performance parameters, showcasing its suitability for THz wireless communication. Furthermore, the proposed antenna exhibits very high isolation between the ports by varying µc. The key features of the antenna include wideband frequency response and AR response, polarization switching, tuning of resonant frequency, high gain, and high efficiency. These advantages mark a significant milestone in THz wireless communication, setting new benchmarks for efficiency, adaptability, and overall performance in this rapidly evolving field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in females in a large number of countries around the world. One in every twenty females gets confirmed to have breast cancer during their lifetime, though the number varies significantly by country. There are various conventional methods to spot the breast cancer cells, such as magnetic resonance imaging, X-ray mammography, biopsies, and ultrasound. The early identification of cancer cells helps to save many human lives. This paper investigates tumor detection in a breast phantom using a Photonic crystal (PhC) based hourglass terahertz patch antenna. This paper designed four different antenna structures: conventional hourglass patch antenna (with and without breast phantom) and PhC-based hourglass patch antenna (with and without breast phantom). The proposed PhC antenna models and the breast phantom are designed using the CST studio suite and analyzed the various antenna parameters. The observed S11 parameter for the proposed structures is − 21.50, − 25.34, − 33.78 and − 50.32 dB. The proposed antenna resonated in THz frequency, which does not affect human health and is safer due to non-ionizing characteristics. The suggested PhC structure is tiny, less expensive, lightweight, environmentally benign, and can be utilized as a primary screening technique for people with breast cancer, especially in resource-limited areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the complex characteristics of the modified Benjamin–Bona–Mahony equation ( m BBM ) and the Klein–Gordon ( K G ) equation in the field of mathematical physics. The m BBM equation is a basic model used to describe surface water waves, especially in shallow water situations. It provides valuable information on wave propagation, stability, and the formation of solitons. The applications of this instrument are wide-ranging, including fields such as oceanography, where it plays a crucial role in comprehending wave behavior. On the other hand, the K G equation is of utmost importance in quantum field theory since it sheds light on the dynamics and interactions of scalar fields such as mesons. Within the field of particle physics, it offers substantial insights into basic concepts, acting as a fundamental basis for comprehending particle behavior. The primary goal of our work is to develop strong analytical techniques for solving these problems. In order to tackle these issues, we use two novel methodologies: the extended simple equation technique and the generalized Kudryashov method. Furthermore, we validate our results by using the extended cubic–B–spline approach for numerical computations. The work effectively solves these intricate equations, resulting in encouraging results. The presented approaches demonstrate their effectiveness, providing significant advances to mathematical physics. This work has inherent worth by presenting innovative analytical methods and perspectives, particularly designed to solve complex nonlinear equations such as the m BBM and K G equations. The finding has significant ramifications that extend across several scientific fields, offering novel approaches to tackle complex issues in mathematical physics. To summarize, our paper introduces innovative analytical techniques designed to solve nonlinear equations in the field of mathematical physics, with a particular emphasis on the m BBM and K G equations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nonlinear dynamical problems, characterized by unpredictable and chaotic changes among variables over time, pose unique challenges in understanding. This paper explores the coupled nonlinear (2+1)-dimensional complex modified Korteweg-de-Vries (cmKdV) equation-a fundamental equation in applied magnetism and nanophysics. The study focuses on dynamic behaviors, specifically examining bifurcations and equilibrium points leading to chaotic phenomena by introducing an external term to the system. Employing chaos theory, we showcase the chaotic tendencies of the perturbed dynamical system. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis using the Runge-Kutta method reveals the solution's stability under slight variations in initial conditions. Innovatively, the paper utilizes the planar dynamical system technique to construct various solitons within the governing model. This research provides novel insights into the behavior of the (2+1)-dimensional cmKdV equation and its applications in applied magnetism and nanophysics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Magnetic Pulse Compression (MPC) system is a well-established method for generating high-peak-power, short-duration voltage pulses, commonly used in pulse power supplies (PPS). Traditionally designed for a fixed high repetition rate, this paper explores the techniques and outcomes of variable repetition rate operation in an MPC-based PPS used to excite a copper vapor laser (CVL). Specifically, the PPS, initially designed for 9 kHz operation, is tested at three different rates: 8 kHz, 9 kHz, and 10 kHz. A mathematical model is developed, and experimental modifications are presented in this paper. The study investigates the impact of repetition rate variations on CVL parameters, particularly phantom current (Phantom current: 47% at 8 kHz, 54% at 9 kHz, and 51% at 10 kHz). Phantom current reduces at 10 kHz due to improved impedance matching. At 8 kHz, the laser output is 24W, increases to 30W at 9 kHz and 43W at 10 kHz with a plane-plane resonator configuration. This trend extends to the master oscillator power amplifier (MOPA) at 10 kHz, resulting in a 50% increase in optical power output compared to 9 kHz. This improvement at 10 kHz applies to various parameters, including optical pulse characteristics, average power, electro-optic efficiency, energy per pulse, reduced jitter, and impedance matching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Optical tracking sensor technology has been widely used in the field of motion. However, there are still some challenges in the recognition of badminton players, and more accurate methods are needed to capture the dynamic characteristics of badminton players. The aim of this study is to design an optical tracking sensor system based on image feature extraction for badminton player motion recognition. In this paper, a high resolution camera is used to collect the image sequence of badminton match. Then through image processing and computer vision technology, the key image features are extracted from the image sequence. Then, machine learning algorithm is used to classify and recognize the extracted features to achieve accurate recognition of badminton players' movements. The experimental results show that the optical tracking sensor system can effectively extract the movement features of badminton players and identify their movements accurately. Compared with the traditional method, the system in this paper has higher precision and real-time performance, and can meet the needs of practical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to simulate the application of optical sensor network based on edge computing in athletes' physical fitness monitoring system. By combining optical technology and edge computing, it aims to provide a system that can monitor athletes' physical fitness level in real time. This paper analyzes the shortcomings of the existing athlete physical monitoring system, especially the problems in sensor network and data processing. Then a solution based on optical sensor network and edge computing is proposed to make up for these shortcomings. A complete system architecture is designed, and the working principle and data processing algorithm of the optical sensor are described in detail. The performance of the system in physical fitness monitoring was evaluated through experiments in laboratory and real world scenarios. The experimental results show that the system in this paper can accurately and real-time monitor the athletes' physical fitness level, and has certain reliability and stability, which provides a new direction for the development of athletes' physical fitness monitoring system, and also provides a reference for the application of optical technology in edge computing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Protein structure expectation is a particularly mind boggling issue that it is frequently assaulted and disintegrated using four distinct levels and they are: 1-D forecast of under- lying highlights along the essential succession of amino acids sequences, 2-D forecast of spatial connections between the sequence of amino acids, 3-D forecast of a tertiary structure of protein and quaternary structure of protein. This paper also try to introduce some assessment tools for finding the accuracy of result from applying ML and DL tools. And try to analyses and compare various algorithms based on deep learning methods verses machine learning methods used for sequence prediction. This paper also examines the turn of events and utilization of concealed Markov model, uphold vector machines, Bayesian techniques, and grouping strategies. This investigation will be helpful in creating future strategies to improve the exactness of protein auxiliary structure expectation. In this paper, also introduce and summarize the problem of quantum essential elements of: (1) Variational auto-encoder (2) GAN, generative adversarial network (3) RNN, recurrent neural (4) CNN, convolutional neural networks protein structure prediction. Later on also summarizes the evolution of predictive algorithms for 1-4D structure of protein from Amino Acid Sequences and summarize the deep learning ideas to prediction of structure of protein and learned algorithms of the last decade. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this paper is to find exact solutions to the improved modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) equation with a conformable derivative using the Jacobi elliptic function expansion method. The improved mKdV equation is a prominent mathematical model in the realm of nonlinear partial differential equations, with widespread applicability in diverse scientific and engineering domains. This study leverages the well-known effectiveness of the Jacobi elliptic function expansion method in solving nonlinear differential equations, specifically focusing on the intricacies of the improved mKdV problem. The investigation reveals innovative and explicit solutions, providing insight into the dynamics of the related physical processes. This paper provides a comprehensive examination of these solutions, emphasizing their distinct features and depictions using Jacobi elliptic functions. These findings are especially advantageous for specialists in the fields of nonlinear science and mathematical physics, providing significant insights into the behavior and development of nonlinear waves in various physical situations. This work also contributes to our knowledge of the improved mKdV equation and shows that the Jacobi elliptic function expansion method is a useful tool for solving complex nonlinear situations. The study is enhanced with graphical illustrations of various solutions, which further enhance its analytical complexity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]