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Objective To investigate optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based biomarkers of visual acuity (VA) in eyes with idiopathic epiretinal membranes (ERM) undergoing surgical intervention. Purpose To assess surgical outcomes of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and membrane peel (MP) surgery in eyes with idiopathic ERM and identify potential imaging-based biomarkers of vision outcomes. Methods Retrospective, consecutive case series of eyes with idiopathic ERM that underwent PPV and MP surgery between 1/1/2017 and 1/1/2019. A previously described ERM grading scale was utilized for OCT analysis. The primary outcome was VA at post-operative month 6 and final follow-up. A secondary outcome was the association of OCT structural features, including ectopic inner foveal layers (EIFL), inner microcystoid changes, and ellipsoid zone (EZ) disruption, with VA outcomes. Results A total of 322 eyes with idiopathic ERM were included. Mean (± SD) follow-up was 506.6 ± 324.6 days after MP surgery. VA improved from logMAR 0.49 ± 0.27 (Snellen 20/61) pre-MP to 0.41 ± 0.30 (Snellen 20/51, p Conclusions VA improvement was noted after surgery in eyes with idiopathic ERM across all stages. Pre-operative stage 4 characteristics were associated with worse VA at 6 months. Post-operative inner microcystoid changes and EZ disruption at month 3 were additional OCT biomarkers associated with worse 6 month and final VA outcomes.

Topical povidone-iodine (PI) is widely used as an ocular surface antiseptic for intravitreal injections (IVIs). Although PI is generally well tolerated, it can be associated with significant ocular irritation. Aqueous chlorhexidine (AqCHX) has been described as a possibly better tolerated antimicrobial for ophthalmic procedures. We compared patient pain scores, ocular surface characteristics, and antimicrobial efficacy between PI 5% and AqCHX 0.1% during IVIs.Prospective single-center, randomized clinical trial.Patients receiving same-day bilateral intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) injections.Each patient had 1 eye randomized to PI or AqCHX, and the second eye received the other agent. Both eyes received topical proparacaine 0.5%.After IVIs, participants rated their pain (Wong-Baker, scale 0-10) for each eye 1 minute after PI or AqCHX instillation and 1 day after the procedure. Each eye was assessed using a standardized quantitative grading system of corneal epitheliopathy (ocular staining score). Microbial swab cultures of the conjunctiva both before instillation of topical antisepsis and 10 minutes after IVIs were given.A total of 100 eyes of 50 patients were included. The mean patient age was 68 years (range, 39-92), and 30 of 50 (60%) were male. Compared with AqCHX, eyes receiving PI had a greater mean pain score immediately after injection (1.44 vs. 0.44, P0.001) but not on postprocedure day 1 (1.04 vs. 0.48, P = 0.06). Eyes that received PI had a higher ocular staining score indicating worse corneal epitheliopathy (4.22 vs. 3.10, P0.001). There was no difference in rates of positive microbial cultures between groups. There was no difference in rates of adverse events between groups (P = 0.99), and no cases of endophthalmitis occurred.Povidone-iodine demonstrated greater ocular surface discomfort and corneal epitheliopathy compared with AqCHX during same-day bilateral IVIs. The 2 agents otherwise demonstrated no difference in positive microbial cultures or adverse events. Aqueous chlorhexidine may be a better tolerated alternative to PI for antimicrobial prophylaxis during IVIs for some patients.

Purpose To detail the methodology for a large multicenter retrospective cohort study (RCS) of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) with detailed data collection and to present overall anatomic outcomes. Design This study used an RCS method. Participants All patients undergoing pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), scleral buckling (SB), and combined PPV/SB for primary RRD in 2015 from 5 large retina groups were included in the database. Methods To ensure validity of the cohort method, a large and detailed database was generated. Double data entry validation was conducted, and data audits were conducted. Anatomic and visual outcomes for all the cases in the dataset will be described but not compared, because the cases were not matched. In future studies, comparable cases of moderate-complexity RRD will be chosen naive to surgeon, surgery, and outcome for subgroup analysis. Main Outcome Measures Precision of data entry was confirmed by inter-rater reliability (IRR). Main surgical outcome for each procedure type was single-surgery anatomic success (SSAS). Results Inter-rater reliability showed significant agreement among raters (P 90 days of follow-up. Of these, 320 eyes (13.7%) underwent SB, 1200 eyes (51.4%) underwent PPV, and 815 eyes (34.9%) underwent PPV/SB. The SSAS was 84.2% for PPV, 91.2% for SB, and 90.2% for PPV/SB. Conclusions We compiled a large, accurately documented database of primary RRD cases repaired by PPV, SB, and PPV/SB from which cohort studies of moderately complex RRDs can be carried out. All 3 approaches had a high SSAS rate. Procedures chosen and their outcomes are described, but the broad case mix makes comparisons not possible until future cohort studies are completed.

To explore a new treatment strategy referred to as subfoveal neurosensory detachment flattening and observe (SNF-Ob) in the management of center-involved diabetic macular edema (CiDME).