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Background Despite advances in rapid organism identification, clinicians must make empiric antibiotic decisions prior to knowing the causative organism. Though many risk factors and patient characteristics have been studied and incorporated into predictive clinical decision support tools for empiric antibiotic prescription, little evidence exists on the relative importance of these factors in clinician judgment. The purpose of this study was to establish how providers evaluate patient and clinical risk factors when making empiric antimicrobial decisions. Methods An anonymous survey tool was distributed in February 2019 to medical providers who routinely prescribe antibiotics in 4 acute care hospitals throughout the University of Pennsylvania Health System. Providers were asked to rank the importance of 12 clinical factors using a 5-point scale from not important at all (1) to extremely important (5) in 3 unique clinical scenarios: uncomplicated cystitis, septic shock of unknown etiology, and uncomplicated pneumonia. Results Response rate was 30% (217/732). The importance of each factor varied among different clinical scenarios except for prior antibiotic exposure, local resistance patterns, drug-drug interactions, and treatment guidelines. However, the absolute difference varied by the factor and clinical scenario. Presence of indwelling catheter(s) had the largest absolute variation (median difference of 2 between septic shock and pneumonia, P < 0.001), and it was one of the top 5 most important factors for septic shock, but the least important factor for pneumonia. Conclusion The importance of clinicians place on clinical factors varies in different clinical scenarios. A better understanding of clinical decision-making in empiric antibiotic prescribing has the potential to guide stewardship efforts and clinical decision support. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.