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This paper describes the evidence of cross linguistic and intercultural relations concerning the semiotics of brightness in the South-Central Andean area, which displays a co-tradition regarding this subject. The research method used in this work is the translinguistic study of correlations in semiotic constellations. This concept designs the series of meaning relations that lead to the performance and understanding of sense units in different languages. From the analysis of the illa concept, which denotes 'light' in Quechua and Aymara, and the lexematic series that contain its metathesis, we point out the connection of the latter with terms in other languages, firstly Mapuche and secondarily Kallawaya, Chipaya, Lule and Kunza. The geo and ethnolectal diffusion of these 'resonances of light' and the parallel similarity in their semiotic constellations reveal the existence of a long standing intercultural life in the Andean world spreading toward the North-Patagonian area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper addresses the aspectual restriction that blocks present oriented epistemic readings for nonstative predicates. Different languages show a similar pattern, among them Spanish, which will be our focus of study. Using a formalist frame, we propose that this restriction derives from the temporal conditions of predicate evaluation and the possibility of being coordinated with the punctual speech time. States are evaluable in points of time, while events must cover an interval (Hallman, 2010). The article develops some empirical consequences of this idea, leading to the claim that two classes of states must be distinguished: pure states and interval states (Dowty, 1979; Jaque, 2014). Finally, we present the formal correlates that our hypothesis has in the syntactic-semantic representation of the verbal phrase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The graphic or scriptural environment of Cameroon is experiencing a process of hispanization through Spanish words and expressions. These imported words name spaces, structures and institutions. It seems that the authors of that practice do escape from the heavy socioeconomic reality they are faced with since the decade of ninety. The evasion consists of several ways. It is spatial when foreign toponyms are transposed into Cameroon context and temporal when glorious and idyllic moments of the past are brought into mind. However, escapism can be carried out through rewarding adjectives or the designation of purely positive realities. Consequently, Cameroonians use symbolic concepts like goodness, friendship, divinity, etc. in order to, according to dream or visceral wish, make positive their daily life and get out of the generalized crisis. The aim of this paper consists in analyzing that phenomenon on the basis of collected data from Cameroon towns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]